Ignore:
Timestamp:
Jan 31, 2009, 6:12:17 AM (15 years ago)
Author:
Joe Ciccone <jciccone@…>
Branches:
clfs-1.2, clfs-2.1, clfs-3.0.0-systemd, clfs-3.0.0-sysvinit, master, systemd, sysvinit
Children:
ef60d6b
Parents:
833efa2
Message:

Remove more tabs and replace with 8 spaces.

File:
1 edited

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  • BOOK/appendices/ppc/macmiscellany.xml

    r833efa2 re3196bd  
    2323        <para>The Open Firmware (OF) is the code in ROM or nvram which controls
    2424        how the machine boots.  If booting automatically, it will boot from the
    25         first valid blessed partition it finds (this is a simplification,
    26         but it is adequate for normal purposes).</para>
     25        first valid blessed partition it finds (this is a simplification,
     26        but it is adequate for normal purposes).</para>
    2727
    28         <para>It can only read apple filesystems (hfs, hfs+, or hfsx depending
    29         on the version of the firmware).  For disks under linux, the blessing
    30         is done by ybin when it installs yaboot (the loader) and yaboot.conf.</para>
     28        <para>It can only read apple filesystems (hfs, hfs+, or hfsx depending
     29        on the version of the firmware).  For disks under linux, the blessing
     30        is done by ybin when it installs yaboot (the loader) and yaboot.conf.</para>
    3131
    32         <para>Mac OS's have a tendency to look at other hfs{,+,x} filesystems
    33         on the disk, and unbless them if they do not match their expectations.
    34         Unblessing makes them unbootable. Fortunately, a filesystem of type
    35         <literal>Apple_Bootstrap</literal> can be read as hfs by the OF, but will
    36         be ignored by Mac OS.</para>
     32        <para>Mac OS's have a tendency to look at other hfs{,+,x} filesystems
     33        on the disk, and unbless them if they do not match their expectations.
     34        Unblessing makes them unbootable. Fortunately, a filesystem of type
     35        <literal>Apple_Bootstrap</literal> can be read as hfs by the OF, but will
     36        be ignored by Mac OS.</para>
    3737      </listitem>
    3838    </varlistentry>
     
    4141      <term><emphasis role="bold">Partitioning</emphasis></term>
    4242      <listitem>
    43         <para>Macintoshes use their own partition format - this means that other
    44         machines are unlikely to be able to read or write to macintosh partitions
    45         (in particular, fdisk does not understand them). The format allows a large
    46         number of individual partitions, and the native Mac tools had a tendency
    47         to insert small "filler" partitions between the real partitions. Under
    48         linux, using more than 15 partitions can be problematic (shortage of device
    49         nodes), so the normal approach is to use the Mac tools to create an area
    50         of freespace at the <emphasis>front</emphasis> of the disk, then put the
    51         Mac OS partition(s) after it and (re-)install the Mac OS.  The
    52         freespace can then be partitioned using <command>parted</command> or the
    53         older <command>mac-fdisk</command>.  It seems that recent versions of the
    54         Mac tools may no longer insert the filler partitions, so it may be
    55         possible to do all the partitioning before installing OSX.</para>
     43        <para>Macintoshes use their own partition format - this means that other
     44        machines are unlikely to be able to read or write to macintosh partitions
     45        (in particular, fdisk does not understand them). The format allows a large
     46        number of individual partitions, and the native Mac tools had a tendency
     47        to insert small "filler" partitions between the real partitions. Under
     48        linux, using more than 15 partitions can be problematic (shortage of device
     49        nodes), so the normal approach is to use the Mac tools to create an area
     50        of freespace at the <emphasis>front</emphasis> of the disk, then put the
     51        Mac OS partition(s) after it and (re-)install the Mac OS.  The
     52        freespace can then be partitioned using <command>parted</command> or the
     53        older <command>mac-fdisk</command>.  It seems that recent versions of the
     54        Mac tools may no longer insert the filler partitions, so it may be
     55        possible to do all the partitioning before installing OSX.</para>
    5656
    57         <warning>
    58         <para>The Macintosh resizing and partitioning tools are destructive and may
    59         delete all data when a partition is resized, even on unaltered partitions.
    60         </para>
    61         </warning>
     57        <warning>
     58        <para>The Macintosh resizing and partitioning tools are destructive and may
     59        delete all data when a partition is resized, even on unaltered partitions.
     60        </para>
     61        </warning>
    6262
    63         <para>For the Linux partitions, you will need a bootstrap partition - this
    64         can normally be a mere 800KB in size (the smallest hfs partition available)
    65         although the Fedora installer  has been known to insist on 800MB.  This has
    66         to be in front of the Mac OS partition.  The bootstrap is
    67         <emphasis>never</emphasis> mounted as a regular partition and should not
    68         be confused with a <literal>/boot</literal> partition.  Other partitions
    69         are as normal (at least one rootfs, perhaps swap, perhaps others).</para>
     63        <para>For the Linux partitions, you will need a bootstrap partition - this
     64        can normally be a mere 800KB in size (the smallest hfs partition available)
     65        although the Fedora installer  has been known to insist on 800MB.  This has
     66        to be in front of the Mac OS partition.  The bootstrap is
     67        <emphasis>never</emphasis> mounted as a regular partition and should not
     68        be confused with a <literal>/boot</literal> partition.  Other partitions
     69        are as normal (at least one rootfs, perhaps swap, perhaps others).</para>
    7070
    71         <para>According to the lfs-from-osx hint, the Mac partitioning tools
    72         can create an apple_bootstrap partition and therefore there is no need
    73         to use a Linux CD to create the desired partitions from freespace, but
    74         using a Linux CD to create the partitions is a more widely tested approach.
    75         </para>
     71        <para>According to the lfs-from-osx hint, the Mac partitioning tools
     72        can create an apple_bootstrap partition and therefore there is no need
     73        to use a Linux CD to create the desired partitions from freespace, but
     74        using a Linux CD to create the partitions is a more widely tested approach.
     75        </para>
    7676
    77         <para>If you follow this approach, partition 1 will be the apple partition
    78         map, partition 2 will be the bootstrap at the start of the disk, the
    79         linux partitions will follow, and then the mac partition(s) - under OSX
    80         the first mac partition will be number 3, under OS9 it would have a higher
    81         number and there would be some apple driver partitions.</para>
     77        <para>If you follow this approach, partition 1 will be the apple partition
     78        map, partition 2 will be the bootstrap at the start of the disk, the
     79        linux partitions will follow, and then the mac partition(s) - under OSX
     80        the first mac partition will be number 3, under OS9 it would have a higher
     81        number and there would be some apple driver partitions.</para>
    8282      </listitem>
    8383    </varlistentry>
     
    8686      <term><emphasis role="bold">OSX or OF upgrades</emphasis></term>
    8787      <listitem>
    88         <para>If the machine is dual-booted with OSX, the mac kernel or the OF
    89         will probably be upgraded at some point.  This appears to either unbless
    90         the bootstrap,  or else just point the OF boot device to the mac partition
    91         - so, the linux system will no longer be bootable.</para>
     88        <para>If the machine is dual-booted with OSX, the mac kernel or the OF
     89        will probably be upgraded at some point.  This appears to either unbless
     90        the bootstrap,        or else just point the OF boot device to the mac partition
     91        - so, the linux system will no longer be bootable.</para>
    9292
    93         <para>Therefore, you will need to know which partition contains the bootstrap
    94         so that you can boot it from OF (on an apple keyboard, hold down
    95         option-command-o-f (that is, alt-apple-o-f) while booting then enter a
    96         command like:</para>
     93        <para>Therefore, you will need to know which partition contains the bootstrap
     94        so that you can boot it from OF (on an apple keyboard, hold down
     95        option-command-o-f (that is, alt-apple-o-f) while booting then enter a
     96        command like:</para>
    9797
    9898<screen><userinput role="nodump">boot hd:2,yaboot</userinput></screen>
    9999
    100         <para>This will allow you to select a linux boot, and from there you
    101         will have to rerun <command>ybin</command>.</para>
     100        <para>This will allow you to select a linux boot, and from there you
     101        will have to rerun <command>ybin</command>.</para>
    102102
    103         <para>The "OS chooser" menu that yaboot typically loads is stored in the
    104         OF and will not be available after a Mac kernel or firmware upgrade until
    105         <command>ybin</command> has been rerun.</para>
     103        <para>The "OS chooser" menu that yaboot typically loads is stored in the
     104        OF and will not be available after a Mac kernel or firmware upgrade until
     105        <command>ybin</command> has been rerun.</para>
    106106      </listitem>
    107107    </varlistentry>
     
    110110      <term><emphasis role="bold">Yaboot's requirements</emphasis></term>
    111111      <listitem>
    112         <para>Yaboot is the boot loader for linux, sometimes referred to as
    113         the second stage loader.  It reads the yaboot.conf file on the bootstrap
    114         partition to find which linux system(s) should be available, and
    115         attempts to load the required kernel.</para>
     112        <para>Yaboot is the boot loader for linux, sometimes referred to as
     113        the second stage loader.  It reads the yaboot.conf file on the bootstrap
     114        partition to find which linux system(s) should be available, and
     115        attempts to load the required kernel.</para>
    116116
    117         <para>The bootstrap man page warns that the path to the kernel should
    118         contain no more than one directory for reliability.</para>
     117        <para>The bootstrap man page warns that the path to the kernel should
     118        contain no more than one directory for reliability.</para>
    119119
    120         <para>Yaboot has to be able to understand the filesystem, so that it
    121         can find the kernel.  It understands hfs (not useful for linux, it is
    122         not case-sensitive), ext2 (and therefore it can read ext3), reiser3,
    123         and xfs.  If you want to use a different type of filesystem for '/'
    124         you will have to create a separate boot partition with a supported
    125         filesystem, and use that to hold the kernels.</para>
     120        <para>Yaboot has to be able to understand the filesystem, so that it
     121        can find the kernel.  It understands hfs (not useful for linux, it is
     122        not case-sensitive), ext2 (and therefore it can read ext3), reiser3,
     123        and xfs.  If you want to use a different type of filesystem for '/'
     124        you will have to create a separate boot partition with a supported
     125        filesystem, and use that to hold the kernels.</para>
    126126
    127127      </listitem>
     
    131131      <term><emphasis role="bold">Requirements if starting from OSX</emphasis></term>
    132132      <listitem>
    133         <para>Older versions of OSX (panther, leopard) can write to ext2
    134         filesystems using version 1.3 of ext2fsx.  The upgrade to tiger broke
    135         this, and version 1.4 of ext2fsx only supports reading.  Users of
    136         current OSX will therefore have to find some other way of creating
    137         a suitable filesystem and populating it, such as a Live CD or rescue CD.
    138         </para>
     133        <para>Older versions of OSX (panther, leopard) can write to ext2
     134        filesystems using version 1.3 of ext2fsx.  The upgrade to tiger broke
     135        this, and version 1.4 of ext2fsx only supports reading.  Users of
     136        current OSX will therefore have to find some other way of creating
     137        a suitable filesystem and populating it, such as a Live CD or rescue CD.
     138        </para>
    139139      </listitem>
    140140    </varlistentry>
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