source: final-system/common/glibc.xml @ dbbb7658

Last change on this file since dbbb7658 was 4a0dbd7, checked in by Jim Gifford <clfs@…>, 18 years ago

r3968@server (orig r1784): jciccone | 2006-06-19 09:32:11 -0700
Added an iconv_fix patch to glibc which fixes an issue that has shown up primarily in samba.

  • Property mode set to 100644
File size: 30.1 KB
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
3  "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
4  <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
5  %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9  <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11  <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
12
13  <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
14    <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
15  </indexterm>
16
17  <sect2 role="package">
18    <title/>
19
20    <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
21    the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
22    closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
23    arithmetic, and so on.</para>
24
25  </sect2>
26
27  <sect2 role="installation">
28    <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
29
30    <note os="z">
31      <para>Some packages outside of LFS suggest installing GNU libiconv in
32      order to translate data from one encoding to another. The project's
33      home page (<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/"/>) says
34      <quote>This library provides an <function>iconv()</function>
35      implementation, for use on systems which don't have one, or whose
36      implementation cannot convert from/to Unicode.</quote> Glibc provides
37      an <function>iconv()</function> implementation and can convert from/to
38      Unicode, therefore libiconv is not required on an LFS system.</para>
39    </note>
40
41    <para os="b">The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
42    perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
43    pointing at <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
44    and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
45    Glibc autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
46    of achieving a clean build.</para>
47
48    <para os="c">The following patch fixes an issue that can
49    cause <command>localdef</command> to segfault:</para>
50
51<screen os="d"><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-localedef_segfault-patch;</userinput></screen>
52
53    <para os="p1">The following patch fixes an issue with iconv:</para>
54
55<screen os="p2"><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-iconv_fix-patch;</userinput></screen>
56
57    <para os="s1">The following sed fixes a build issue with Glibc. This
58    will prevent nscd from trying to link to libraries that don't exist:</para>
59
60<screen os="s2"><userinput>cp -v nscd/Makefile{,.orig}
61sed -e "/nscd_stat.o: sysincludes = # nothing/d" nscd/Makefile.orig > \
62    nscd/Makefile</userinput></screen>
63
64    <para os="e">The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc outside of the
65    source directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
66
67<screen os="f"><userinput>mkdir -v ../glibc-build
68cd ../glibc-build</userinput></screen>
69
70    <para os="g">Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
71
72<screen os="h"><userinput>../glibc-&glibc-version;/configure --prefix=/usr \
73    --disable-profile --enable-add-ons --enable-kernel=2.6.0 \
74    --libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</userinput></screen>
75
76    <variablelist os="i">
77      <title>The meaning of the new configure option:</title>
78
79      <varlistentry>
80        <term><parameter>--libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</parameter></term>
81        <listitem>
82          <para>This changes the location of the <command>pt_chown</command>
83          program from its default of <filename
84          class="directory">/usr/libexec</filename> to <filename
85          class="directory">/usr/lib/glibc</filename>.</para>
86        </listitem>
87      </varlistentry>
88    </variablelist>
89
90    <para os="j">Compile the package:</para>
91
92<screen os="k"><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
93
94    <important os="l">
95      <para>The test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
96      Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
97    </important>
98
99    <para os="m">Test the results:</para>
100
101<!-- items n,o,p no longer the master, use x86_64 which has no failures -->
102
103<screen os="n"><userinput>make -k check &gt;glibc-check-log 2&gt;&amp;1 ; grep Error glibc-check-log</userinput></screen>
104
105    <para os="o">The Glibc test suite is highly dependent on certain functions of
106    the host system, in particular the kernel. In general, the Glibc test
107    suite is always expected to pass. However, in certain circumstances,
108    some failures are unavoidable. This is a list of the most common
109    issues:</para>
110
111    <itemizedlist os="p">
112      <listitem>
113        <para>The <emphasis>math</emphasis> tests, at least on i686, fail in
114        the <emphasis>test-double</emphasis> and <emphasis>test-idouble</emphasis>
115        tests with gcc-&gcc-version;, the <command>grep</command> command will
116        also report an expected (ignored) failure in <emphasis>posix/annexc
117        </emphasis>. These two failures in the math tests appear to be harmless.
118        The math tests may also fail on systems where the CPU is not a relatively
119        new genuine Intel or authentic AMD. Certain optimization settings are
120        also known to be a factor here.</para>
121      </listitem>
122      <listitem>
123        <para>The <emphasis>gettext</emphasis> test sometimes fails due to
124        host system issues. The exact reasons are not yet clear.</para>
125      </listitem>
126      <listitem>
127        <para>If you have mounted the LFS partition with the
128        <parameter>noatime</parameter> option, the <emphasis>atime</emphasis> test
129        will fail. As mentioned in <xref linkend="ch-partitioning-mounting"/>,
130        do not use the <parameter>noatime</parameter> option while building
131        LFS.</para>
132      </listitem>
133      <listitem>
134        <para>When running on older and slower hardware, some tests
135        can fail because of test timeouts being exceeded.</para>
136      </listitem>
137    </itemizedlist>
138
139    <para os="q">Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
140    complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
141    Prevent this warning with:</para>
142
143<screen os="r"><userinput>touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
144
145    <para os="s">Install the package:</para>
146
147<screen os="t"><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
148
149  </sect2>
150
151  <sect2 id="i18n-glibc" role="configuration">
152    <title>Internationalization</title>
153
154    <para>The locales that can make the system respond in a different
155    language were not installed by the above command. Install them
156    with:</para>
157
158<screen><userinput>make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
159
160    <para>To save time, an alternative to running the previous command (which
161    generates and installs every locale listed in the
162    glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED file) is to install only
163    those locales that are wanted and needed. This can be achieved by using
164    the <command>localedef</command> command. Information on this command is
165    located in the <filename>INSTALL</filename> file in the Glibc source.
166    However, there are a number of locales that are essential in order for the
167    tests of future packages to pass, in particular, the
168    <emphasis>libstdc++</emphasis> tests from GCC. The following instructions,
169    instead of the <parameter>install-locales</parameter> target used above,
170    will install the minimum set of locales necessary for the tests to run
171    successfully:</para>
172
173<screen role="nodump"><userinput>mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
174localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
175localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
176localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
177localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
178localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
179localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
180localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
181localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
182localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
183localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
184localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP</userinput></screen>
185
186    <para>Some locales installed by the <command>make
187    localedata/install-locales</command> command above are not properly
188    supported by some applications that are in the LFS and BLFS books. Because
189    of the various problems that arise due to application programmers making
190    assumptions that break in such locales, LFS should not be used in locales
191    that utilize multibyte character sets (including UTF-8) or right-to-left
192    writing order.  Numerous unofficial and unstable patches are required to
193    fix these problems, and it has been decided by the LFS developers not to
194    support such complex locales at this time. This applies to the ja_JP and
195    fa_IR locales as well&mdash;they have been installed only for GCC and
196    Gettext tests to pass, and the <command>watch</command> program (part of
197    the Procps package) does not work properly in them. Various attempts to
198    circumvent these restrictions are documented in internationalization-related
199    hints.</para>
200
201  </sect2>
202
203  <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
204    <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
205
206    <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
207      <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
208    </indexterm>
209
210    <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
211      <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
212    </indexterm>
213
214    <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
215    because, although Glibc provides defaults when this file is missing or
216    corrupt, the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment.
217    The time zone also needs to be configured.</para>
218
219    <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running
220    the following:</para>
221
222<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
223<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
224
225passwd: files
226group: files
227shadow: files
228
229hosts: files dns
230networks: files
231
232protocols: files
233services: files
234ethers: files
235rpc: files
236
237# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
238EOF</userinput></screen>
239
240    <para>To determine the local time zone, run the following script:</para>
241
242<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
243
244    <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
245    output the name of the time zone (e.g., <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> or
246    <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis>). Then create the
247    <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by running:</para>
248
249<screen><userinput>cp -v --remove-destination /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>[xxx]</replaceable> \
250    /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
251
252    <para>Replace <replaceable>[xxx]</replaceable> with the name of the time zone
253    that <command>tzselect</command> provided (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
254
255    <variablelist>
256      <title>The meaning of the cp option:</title>
257
258      <varlistentry>
259        <term><parameter>--remove-destination</parameter></term>
260        <listitem>
261          <para>This is needed to force removal of the already existing symbolic
262          link. The reason for copying the file instead of using a symlink is to
263          cover the situation where <filename class="directory">/usr</filename>
264          is on a separate partition. This could be important when booted into
265          single user mode.</para>
266        </listitem>
267      </varlistentry>
268    </variablelist>
269
270  </sect2>
271
272  <sect2 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
273    <title>Configuring The Dynamic Loader</title>
274
275    <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
276      <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
277    </indexterm>
278
279    <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
280    class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
281    <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
282    class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
283    needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
284    directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
285    <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be
286    added to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order
287    for the dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly
288    known to contain additional libraries are <filename
289    class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
290    class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
291    dynamic loader's search path.</para>
292
293    <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
294    following:</para>
295
296<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
297<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
298
299/usr/local/lib
300/opt/lib
301
302# End /etc/ld.so.conf</literal>
303EOF</userinput></screen>
304
305  </sect2>
306
307  <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
308    <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
309
310    <segmentedlist>
311      <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
312      <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
313
314      <seglistitem>
315        <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
316        ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, mtrace, nscd,
317        pcprofiledump, pt_chown, rpcgen, rpcinfo, sln, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
318        zdump, and zic</seg>
319        <seg>ld.so, libBrokenLocale.[a,so], libSegFault.so, libanl.[a,so],
320        libbsd-compat.a, libc.[a,so], libcrypt.[a,so], libdl.[a,so], libg.a,
321        libieee.a, libm.[a,so], libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libnsl.a,
322        libnss_compat.so, libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so,
323        libnss_nis.so, libnss_nisplus.so, libpcprofile.so, libpthread.[a,so],
324        libresolv.[a,so], librpcsvc.a, librt.[a,so], libthread_db.so, and
325        libutil.[a,so]</seg>
326      </seglistitem>
327    </segmentedlist>
328
329    <variablelist>
330      <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
331      <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
332      <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
333
334      <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
335        <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
336        <listitem>
337          <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
338          terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
339          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
340            <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
341          </indexterm>
342        </listitem>
343      </varlistentry>
344
345      <varlistentry id="gencat">
346        <term><command>gencat</command></term>
347        <listitem>
348          <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
349          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
350            <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
351          </indexterm>
352        </listitem>
353      </varlistentry>
354
355      <varlistentry id="getconf">
356        <term><command>getconf</command></term>
357        <listitem>
358          <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system specific
359          variables</para>
360          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
361            <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
362          </indexterm>
363        </listitem>
364      </varlistentry>
365
366      <varlistentry id="getent">
367        <term><command>getent</command></term>
368        <listitem>
369          <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
370          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
371            <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
372          </indexterm>
373        </listitem>
374      </varlistentry>
375
376      <varlistentry id="iconv">
377        <term><command>iconv</command></term>
378        <listitem>
379          <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
380          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
381            <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
382          </indexterm>
383        </listitem>
384      </varlistentry>
385
386      <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
387        <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
388        <listitem>
389          <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
390          files</para>
391          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
392            <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
393          </indexterm>
394        </listitem>
395      </varlistentry>
396
397      <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
398        <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
399        <listitem>
400          <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
401          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
402            <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
403          </indexterm>
404        </listitem>
405      </varlistentry>
406
407      <varlistentry id="ldd">
408        <term><command>ldd</command></term>
409        <listitem>
410          <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
411          by each given program or shared library</para>
412          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
413            <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
414          </indexterm>
415        </listitem>
416      </varlistentry>
417
418      <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
419        <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
420        <listitem>
421          <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
422          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
423            <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
424          </indexterm>
425        </listitem>
426      </varlistentry>
427
428      <varlistentry id="locale">
429        <term><command>locale</command></term>
430        <listitem>
431          <para>Tells the compiler to enable or disable the use of POSIX locales
432          for built-in operations</para>
433          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
434            <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
435          </indexterm>
436        </listitem>
437      </varlistentry>
438
439      <varlistentry id="localedef">
440        <term><command>localedef</command></term>
441        <listitem>
442          <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
443          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
444            <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
445          </indexterm>
446        </listitem>
447      </varlistentry>
448
449      <varlistentry id="mtrace">
450        <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
451        <listitem>
452          <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and
453          displays a summary in human-readable format</para>
454          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
455            <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
456          </indexterm>
457        </listitem>
458      </varlistentry>
459
460      <varlistentry id="nscd">
461        <term><command>nscd</command></term>
462        <listitem>
463          <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
464          service requests</para>
465          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
466            <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
467          </indexterm>
468        </listitem>
469      </varlistentry>
470
471      <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
472        <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
473        <listitem>
474          <para>Dumps information generated by PC profiling</para>
475          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
476            <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
477          </indexterm>
478        </listitem>
479      </varlistentry>
480
481      <varlistentry id="pt_chown">
482        <term><command>pt_chown</command></term>
483        <listitem>
484          <para>A helper program for <command>grantpt</command> to set the owner,
485          group and access permissions of a slave pseudo terminal</para>
486          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pt_chown">
487            <primary sortas="b-pt_chown">pt_chown</primary>
488          </indexterm>
489        </listitem>
490      </varlistentry>
491
492      <varlistentry id="rpcgen">
493        <term><command>rpcgen</command></term>
494        <listitem>
495          <para>Generates C code to implement the Remote Procecure Call (RPC)
496          protocol</para>
497          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcgen">
498            <primary sortas="b-rpcgen">rpcgen</primary>
499          </indexterm>
500        </listitem>
501      </varlistentry>
502
503      <varlistentry id="rpcinfo">
504        <term><command>rpcinfo</command></term>
505        <listitem>
506          <para>Makes an RPC call to an RPC server</para>
507          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcinfo">
508            <primary sortas="b-rpcinfo">rpcinfo</primary>
509          </indexterm>
510        </listitem>
511      </varlistentry>
512
513      <varlistentry id="sln">
514        <term><command>sln</command></term>
515        <listitem>
516          <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
517          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
518            <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
519          </indexterm>
520        </listitem>
521      </varlistentry>
522
523      <varlistentry id="sprof">
524        <term><command>sprof</command></term>
525        <listitem>
526          <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
527          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
528            <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
529          </indexterm>
530        </listitem>
531      </varlistentry>
532
533      <varlistentry id="tzselect">
534        <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
535        <listitem>
536          <para>Asks the user about the location of the
537          system and reports the corresponding time zone description</para>
538          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
539            <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
540          </indexterm>
541        </listitem>
542      </varlistentry>
543
544      <varlistentry id="xtrace">
545        <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
546        <listitem>
547          <para>Traces the execution of a program by
548          printing the currently executed function</para>
549          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
550            <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
551          </indexterm>
552        </listitem>
553      </varlistentry>
554
555      <varlistentry id="zdump">
556        <term><command>zdump</command></term>
557        <listitem>
558          <para>The time zone dumper</para>
559          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
560            <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
561          </indexterm>
562        </listitem>
563      </varlistentry>
564
565      <varlistentry id="zic">
566        <term><command>zic</command></term>
567        <listitem>
568          <para>The time zone compiler</para>
569          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
570            <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
571          </indexterm>
572        </listitem>
573      </varlistentry>
574
575      <varlistentry id="ld.so">
576        <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld.so</filename></term>
577        <listitem>
578          <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
579          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
580            <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld.so</primary>
581          </indexterm>
582        </listitem>
583      </varlistentry>
584
585      <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
586        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
587        <listitem>
588          <para>Used by programs, such as Mozilla, to solve broken locales</para>
589          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
590            <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
591          </indexterm>
592        </listitem>
593      </varlistentry>
594
595      <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
596        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
597        <listitem>
598          <para>The segmentation fault signal handler</para>
599          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
600            <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
601          </indexterm>
602        </listitem>
603      </varlistentry>
604
605      <varlistentry id="libanl">
606        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
607        <listitem>
608          <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
609          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
610            <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
611          </indexterm>
612        </listitem>
613      </varlistentry>
614
615      <varlistentry id="libbsd-compat">
616        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libbsd-compat</filename></term>
617        <listitem>
618          <para>Provides the portability needed
619          in order to run certain Berkey Software Distribution (BSD) programs
620          under Linux</para>
621          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libbsd-compat">
622            <primary sortas="c-libbsd-compat">libbsd-compat</primary>
623          </indexterm>
624        </listitem>
625      </varlistentry>
626
627      <varlistentry id="libc">
628        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
629        <listitem>
630          <para>The main C library</para>
631          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
632            <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
633          </indexterm>
634        </listitem>
635      </varlistentry>
636
637      <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
638        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
639        <listitem>
640          <para>The cryptography library</para>
641          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
642            <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
643          </indexterm>
644        </listitem>
645      </varlistentry>
646
647      <varlistentry id="libdl">
648        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
649        <listitem>
650          <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
651          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
652            <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
653          </indexterm>
654        </listitem>
655      </varlistentry>
656
657      <varlistentry id="libg">
658        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
659        <listitem>
660          <para>A runtime library for <command>g++</command></para>
661          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
662            <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
663          </indexterm>
664        </listitem>
665      </varlistentry>
666
667      <varlistentry id="libieee">
668        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libieee</filename></term>
669        <listitem>
670          <para>The Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE)
671          floating point library</para>
672          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libieee">
673            <primary sortas="c-libieee">libieee</primary>
674          </indexterm>
675        </listitem>
676      </varlistentry>
677
678      <varlistentry id="libm">
679        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
680        <listitem>
681          <para>The mathematical library</para>
682          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
683            <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
684          </indexterm>
685        </listitem>
686      </varlistentry>
687
688      <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
689        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
690        <listitem>
691          <para>Contains code run at boot</para>
692          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
693            <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
694          </indexterm>
695        </listitem>
696      </varlistentry>
697
698      <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
699        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
700        <listitem>
701          <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
702          information about the memory usage of a program</para>
703          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
704            <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
705          </indexterm>
706        </listitem>
707      </varlistentry>
708
709      <varlistentry id="libnsl">
710        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
711        <listitem>
712          <para>The network services library</para>
713          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
714            <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
715          </indexterm>
716        </listitem>
717      </varlistentry>
718
719      <varlistentry id="libnss">
720        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
721        <listitem>
722          <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
723          resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
724          protocols, etc.</para>
725          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
726            <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
727          </indexterm>
728        </listitem>
729      </varlistentry>
730
731      <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
732        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
733        <listitem>
734          <para>Contains profiling functions used to track the amount of CPU
735          time spent in specific source code lines</para>
736          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
737            <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
738          </indexterm>
739        </listitem>
740      </varlistentry>
741
742      <varlistentry id="libpthread">
743        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
744        <listitem>
745          <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
746          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
747            <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
748          </indexterm>
749        </listitem>
750      </varlistentry>
751
752      <varlistentry id="libresolv">
753        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
754        <listitem>
755          <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
756          packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
757          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
758            <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
759          </indexterm>
760        </listitem>
761      </varlistentry>
762
763      <varlistentry id="librpcsvc">
764        <term><filename class="libraryfile">librpcsvc</filename></term>
765        <listitem>
766          <para>Contains functions providing miscellaneous RPC services</para>
767          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librpcsvc">
768            <primary sortas="c-librpcsvc">librpcsvc</primary>
769          </indexterm>
770        </listitem>
771      </varlistentry>
772
773      <varlistentry id="librt">
774        <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
775        <listitem>
776          <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified by
777          the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
778          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
779            <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
780          </indexterm>
781        </listitem>
782      </varlistentry>
783
784      <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
785        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
786        <listitem>
787          <para>Contains functions useful for
788          building debuggers for multi-threaded programs</para>
789          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
790            <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
791          </indexterm>
792        </listitem>
793      </varlistentry>
794
795      <varlistentry id="libutil">
796        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
797        <listitem>
798          <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
799          many different Unix utilities</para>
800          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
801            <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
802          </indexterm>
803        </listitem>
804      </varlistentry>
805
806    </variablelist>
807
808  </sect2>
809
810</sect1>
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