[bf8c11f] | 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> |
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN" |
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [ |
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| 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent"> |
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| 5 | %general-entities; |
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| 6 | ]> |
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| 7 | |
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| 8 | <sect1 id="ch-system-gcc" role="wrap"> |
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| 9 | <?dbhtml filename="gcc.html"?> |
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| 10 | |
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| 11 | <title>GCC-&gcc-version;</title> |
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| 12 | |
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| 13 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc"> |
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| 14 | <primary sortas="a-GCC">GCC</primary> |
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| 15 | </indexterm> |
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| 16 | |
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| 17 | <sect2 role="package"> |
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| 18 | <title/> |
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| 19 | |
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| 20 | <para>The GCC package contains the GNU compiler collection, which includes |
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| 21 | the C and C++ compilers.</para> |
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| 22 | |
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| 23 | <segmentedlist> |
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| 24 | <segtitle>&dependencies;</segtitle> |
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| 25 | |
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| 26 | <seglistitem> |
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[0636f6c] | 27 | <seg>Bash, Binutils, Coreutils, DejaGNU, Diffutils, Expect, Findutils, |
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| 28 | Gawk, Gettext, Glibc, Grep, Make, Patch, Perl, Sed, Tcl, and Texinfo</seg> |
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[bf8c11f] | 29 | </seglistitem> |
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| 30 | </segmentedlist> |
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| 31 | |
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| 32 | </sect2> |
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| 33 | |
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| 34 | <sect2 role="installation"> |
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| 35 | <title>Installation of GCC</title> |
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| 36 | |
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[a9fe0ce] | 37 | <para os="p1">The following patch fixes an issue where gcc doesn't generate |
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[2ab0d61] | 38 | some code properly:</para> |
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[a9fe0ce] | 39 | |
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| 40 | <screen os="p2"><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&gcc-fold_const-patch;</userinput></screen> |
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| 41 | |
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[bf8c11f] | 42 | <para os="d">Apply a <command>sed</command> substitution that will suppress the |
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| 43 | installation of <filename class="libraryfile">libiberty.a</filename>. The |
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| 44 | version of <filename class="libraryfile">libiberty.a</filename> provided by |
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| 45 | Binutils will be used instead:</para> |
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| 46 | |
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| 47 | <screen os="e"><userinput>sed -i 's/install_to_$(INSTALL_DEST) //' libiberty/Makefile.in</userinput></screen> |
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| 48 | |
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[9be8160] | 49 | <para os="e1">GCC provides a <command>gccbug</command> script which detects at |
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| 50 | compile time whether mktemp is present, and hardcodes the result in a test. |
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[2ab0d61] | 51 | If mktemp is not found, the script will fall back to using less |
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| 52 | random names for temporary files. We will be installing mktemp |
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| 53 | later, so the following sed will simulate its presence:</para> |
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[9be8160] | 54 | |
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[62c1c5dd] | 55 | <screen os="e2"><userinput>sed -i 's/@have_mktemp_command@/yes/' gcc/gccbug.in</userinput></screen> |
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[9be8160] | 56 | |
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[bf8c11f] | 57 | <para os="f">The GCC documentation recommends building GCC outside of the source |
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| 58 | directory in a dedicated build directory:</para> |
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| 59 | |
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[dd9906e] | 60 | <screen os="g"><userinput>mkdir -v ../gcc-build |
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[bf8c11f] | 61 | cd ../gcc-build</userinput></screen> |
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| 62 | |
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| 63 | <para os="h">Prepare GCC for compilation:</para> |
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| 64 | |
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[1b823a37] | 65 | <screen os="i"><userinput>../gcc-&gcc-version;/configure --prefix=/usr \ |
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[bf8c11f] | 66 | --libexecdir=/usr/lib --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix \ |
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| 67 | --enable-__cxa_atexit --enable-c99 --enable-long-long \ |
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[11a722f] | 68 | --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-languages=c,c++ \ |
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[adeb68a] | 69 | --disable-multilib --disable-libstdcxx-pch</userinput></screen> |
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[bf8c11f] | 70 | |
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[1b823a37] | 71 | <para os="j">Compile the package:</para> |
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[bf8c11f] | 72 | |
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[c5ff986] | 73 | <screen os="k"><userinput>make bootstrap</userinput></screen> |
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[bf8c11f] | 74 | |
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[1b823a37] | 75 | <important os="l"> |
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[bf8c11f] | 76 | <para>In this section, the test suite for GCC is considered |
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| 77 | critical. Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para> |
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| 78 | </important> |
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| 79 | |
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[1b823a37] | 80 | <para os="m">Test the results, but do not stop at errors:</para> |
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[bf8c11f] | 81 | |
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[1b823a37] | 82 | <screen os="n"><userinput>make -k check</userinput></screen> |
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[bf8c11f] | 83 | |
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[1b823a37] | 84 | <para os="o">The <parameter>-k</parameter> flag is used to make the test suite |
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[bf8c11f] | 85 | run through to completion and not stop at the first failure. The GCC test |
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| 86 | suite is very comprehensive and is almost guaranteed to generate a few |
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| 87 | failures. To receive a summary of the test suite results, run:</para> |
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| 88 | |
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[1b823a37] | 89 | <screen os="p"><userinput>../gcc-&gcc-version;/contrib/test_summary</userinput></screen> |
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[bf8c11f] | 90 | |
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[1b823a37] | 91 | <para os="q">For only the summaries, pipe the output through |
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[bf8c11f] | 92 | <userinput>grep -A7 Summ</userinput>.</para> |
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| 93 | |
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| 94 | <para os="r">A few unexpected failures cannot always be avoided. The |
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| 95 | GCC developers are usually aware of these issues, but have not |
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[1b823a37] | 96 | resolved them yet.</para> |
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[bf8c11f] | 97 | |
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| 98 | <para os="s">Install the package:</para> |
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| 99 | |
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| 100 | <screen os="t"><userinput>make install</userinput></screen> |
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| 101 | |
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| 102 | <para os="u">Some packages expect the C preprocessor to be installed in the |
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| 103 | <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> directory. |
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| 104 | To support those packages, create this symlink:</para> |
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| 105 | |
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[dd9906e] | 106 | <screen os="v"><userinput>ln -sv ../usr/bin/cpp /lib</userinput></screen> |
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[bf8c11f] | 107 | |
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| 108 | <para os="w">Many packages use the name <command>cc</command> to call the C |
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| 109 | compiler. To satisfy those packages, create a symlink:</para> |
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| 110 | |
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[dd9906e] | 111 | <screen os="x"><userinput>ln -sv gcc /usr/bin/cc</userinput></screen> |
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[bf8c11f] | 112 | |
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| 113 | </sect2> |
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| 114 | |
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| 115 | <sect2 id="contents-gcc" role="content"> |
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| 116 | <title>Contents of GCC</title> |
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| 117 | |
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| 118 | <segmentedlist> |
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| 119 | <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle> |
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| 120 | <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle> |
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| 121 | |
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| 122 | <seglistitem> |
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| 123 | <seg>c++, cc (link to gcc), cpp, g++, gcc, gccbug, and gcov</seg> |
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[1b823a37] | 124 | <seg>libgcc.a, libgcc_eh.a, libgcc_s.so, libmudflap.[a,so], |
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| 125 | libmudflapth.[a,so], libstdc++.[a,so], and |
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[bf8c11f] | 126 | libsupc++.a</seg> |
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| 127 | </seglistitem> |
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| 128 | </segmentedlist> |
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| 129 | |
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| 130 | <variablelist> |
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| 131 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead> |
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| 132 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?> |
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| 133 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?> |
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| 134 | |
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| 135 | <varlistentry id="cc"> |
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| 136 | <term><command>cc</command></term> |
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| 137 | <listitem> |
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| 138 | <para>The C compiler</para> |
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| 139 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc cc"> |
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| 140 | <primary sortas="b-cc">cc</primary> |
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| 141 | </indexterm> |
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| 142 | </listitem> |
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| 143 | </varlistentry> |
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| 144 | |
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| 145 | <varlistentry id="cpp"> |
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| 146 | <term><command>cpp</command></term> |
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| 147 | <listitem> |
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| 148 | <para>The C preprocessor; it is used by the compiler to expand the |
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| 149 | #include, #define, and similar statements in the source files</para> |
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| 150 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc cpp"> |
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| 151 | <primary sortas="b-cpp">cpp</primary> |
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| 152 | </indexterm> |
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| 153 | </listitem> |
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| 154 | </varlistentry> |
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| 155 | |
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| 156 | <varlistentry id="c"> |
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| 157 | <term><command>c++</command></term> |
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| 158 | <listitem> |
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| 159 | <para>The C++ compiler</para> |
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| 160 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc c"> |
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| 161 | <primary sortas="b-c++">c++</primary> |
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| 162 | </indexterm> |
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| 163 | </listitem> |
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| 164 | </varlistentry> |
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| 165 | |
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| 166 | <varlistentry id="g"> |
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| 167 | <term><command>g++</command></term> |
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| 168 | <listitem> |
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| 169 | <para>The C++ compiler</para> |
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| 170 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc g"> |
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| 171 | <primary sortas="b-g++">g++</primary> |
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| 172 | </indexterm> |
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| 173 | </listitem> |
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| 174 | </varlistentry> |
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| 175 | |
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| 176 | <varlistentry id="gcc"> |
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| 177 | <term><command>gcc</command></term> |
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| 178 | <listitem> |
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| 179 | <para>The C compiler</para> |
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| 180 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcc"> |
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| 181 | <primary sortas="b-gcc">gcc</primary> |
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| 182 | </indexterm> |
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| 183 | </listitem> |
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| 184 | </varlistentry> |
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| 185 | |
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| 186 | <varlistentry id="gccbug"> |
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| 187 | <term><command>gccbug</command></term> |
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| 188 | <listitem> |
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| 189 | <para>A shell script used to help create useful bug reports</para> |
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| 190 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gccbug"> |
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| 191 | <primary sortas="b-gccbug">gccbug</primary> |
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| 192 | </indexterm> |
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| 193 | </listitem> |
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| 194 | </varlistentry> |
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| 195 | |
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| 196 | <varlistentry id="gcov"> |
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| 197 | <term><command>gcov</command></term> |
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| 198 | <listitem> |
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| 199 | <para>A coverage testing tool; it is used to analyze programs to |
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| 200 | determine where optimizations will have the most effect</para> |
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| 201 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcov"> |
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| 202 | <primary sortas="b-gcov">gcov</primary> |
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| 203 | </indexterm> |
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| 204 | </listitem> |
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| 205 | </varlistentry> |
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| 206 | |
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| 207 | <varlistentry id="libgcc"> |
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| 208 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libgcc</filename></term> |
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| 209 | <listitem> |
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| 210 | <para>Contains run-time support for <command>gcc</command></para> |
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| 211 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libgcc"> |
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| 212 | <primary sortas="c-libgcc*">libgcc*</primary> |
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| 213 | </indexterm> |
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| 214 | </listitem> |
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| 215 | </varlistentry> |
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| 216 | |
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[4dea801f] | 217 | <varlistentry id="libmudflap"> |
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| 218 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmudflap</filename></term> |
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| 219 | <listitem> |
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| 220 | <para>The libmudflap libraries are used by GCC for instrumenting |
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[155e089] | 221 | pointer and array dereferencing operations.</para> |
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[4dea801f] | 222 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libmudflap"> |
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| 223 | <primary sortas="c-libmudflap*">libmudflap*</primary> |
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| 224 | </indexterm> |
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| 225 | </listitem> |
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| 226 | </varlistentry> |
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| 227 | |
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[bf8c11f] | 228 | <varlistentry id="libstdc"> |
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| 229 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libstdc++</filename></term> |
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| 230 | <listitem> |
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| 231 | <para>The standard C++ library</para> |
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| 232 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libstdc"> |
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| 233 | <primary sortas="c-libstdc++">libstdc++</primary> |
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| 234 | </indexterm> |
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| 235 | </listitem> |
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| 236 | </varlistentry> |
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| 237 | |
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| 238 | <varlistentry id="libsupc"> |
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| 239 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libsupc++</filename></term> |
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| 240 | <listitem> |
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| 241 | <para>Provides supporting routines for the C++ programming |
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| 242 | language</para> |
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| 243 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libsupc"> |
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| 244 | <primary sortas="c-libsupc++">libsupc++</primary> |
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| 245 | </indexterm> |
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| 246 | </listitem> |
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| 247 | </varlistentry> |
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| 248 | |
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| 249 | </variablelist> |
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| 250 | |
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| 251 | </sect2> |
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| 252 | |
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| 253 | </sect1> |
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