1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
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3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
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4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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5 | %general-entities;
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6 | ]>
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7 | <sect1 id="ch-system-sysvinit" role="wrap">
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8 | <?dbhtml filename="sysvinit.html"?>
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9 |
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10 | <title>Sysvinit-&sysvinit-version;</title>
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11 |
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12 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit">
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13 | <primary sortas="a-Sysvinit">Sysvinit</primary>
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14 | </indexterm>
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15 |
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16 | <sect2 role="package">
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17 | <title/>
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18 |
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19 | <para>The Sysvinit package contains programs for controlling the startup,
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20 | running, and shutdown of the system.</para>
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21 |
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22 | </sect2>
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23 |
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24 | <sect2 role="installation">
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25 | <title>Installation of Sysvinit</title>
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26 |
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27 | <para os="a">When run-levels are changed (for example, when halting the
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28 | system), <command>init</command> sends termination signals to those
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29 | processes that <command>init</command> itself started and that should
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30 | not be running in the new run-level. While doing this,
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31 | <command>init</command> outputs messages like <quote>Sending processes
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32 | the TERM signal</quote> which seem to imply that it is sending these
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33 | signals to all currently running processes. To avoid this
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34 | misinterpretation, modify the source so that these messages read like
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35 | <quote>Sending processes started by init the TERM signal</quote>
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36 | instead:</para>
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37 |
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38 | <screen os="b"><userinput>cp src/init.c{,.orig}
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39 | sed 's@Sending processes@& started by init@g' \
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40 | src/init.c.orig > src/init.c</userinput></screen>
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41 |
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42 | <para os="s1">The following sed makes changes in the Makefile required for cross-compiling:</para>
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43 |
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44 | <screen os="s2"><userinput>cp -v src/Makefile src/Makefile.orig
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45 | sed -e 's@/dev/initctl@$(ROOT)&@g' \
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46 | -e 's@\(mknod \)-m \([0-9]* \)\(.* \)p@\1\3p; chmod \2\3@g' \
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47 | -e '/^ifeq/s/$(ROOT)//' \
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48 | -e 's@/usr/lib@$(ROOT)&@' \
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49 | src/Makefile.orig > src/Makefile</userinput></screen>
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50 |
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51 | <para os="c">Compile the package:</para>
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52 |
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53 | <screen os="d"><userinput>make -C src clobber
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54 | make -C src ROOT=${CLFS} CC="${CC}"</userinput></screen>
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55 |
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56 | <para os="e">Install the package:</para>
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57 |
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58 | <screen os="f"><userinput>make -C src ROOT=${CLFS} INSTALL="install" install</userinput></screen>
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59 |
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60 | </sect2>
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61 |
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62 | <sect2 id="conf-sysvinit" role="configuration">
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63 | <title>Configuring Sysvinit</title>
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64 |
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65 | <indexterm zone="conf-sysvinit">
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66 | <primary sortas="a-Sysvinit">Sysvinit</primary>
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67 | <secondary>configuring</secondary></indexterm>
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68 |
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69 | <indexterm zone="conf-sysvinit">
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70 | <primary sortas="e-/etc/inittab">/etc/inittab</primary>
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71 | </indexterm>
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72 |
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73 | <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/inittab</filename> by running the
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74 | following:</para>
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75 |
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76 | <screen><userinput>cat > ${CLFS}/etc/inittab << "EOF"
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77 | <literal># Begin /etc/inittab
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78 |
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79 | id:3:initdefault:
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80 |
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81 | si::sysinit:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc sysinit
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82 |
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83 | l0:0:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 0
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84 | l1:S1:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 1
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85 | l2:2:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 2
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86 | l3:3:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 3
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87 | l4:4:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 4
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88 | l5:5:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 5
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89 | l6:6:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 6
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90 |
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91 | ca:12345:ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t1 -a -r now
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92 |
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93 | su:S016:once:/sbin/sulogin
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94 |
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95 | 1:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -I '\033(K' tty1 9600
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96 | 2:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -I '\033(K' tty2 9600
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97 | 3:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -I '\033(K' tty3 9600
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98 | 4:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -I '\033(K' tty4 9600
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99 | 5:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -I '\033(K' tty5 9600
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100 | 6:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -I '\033(K' tty6 9600
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101 |
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102 | # End /etc/inittab</literal>
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103 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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104 |
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105 | <para>The <parameter>-I '\033(K'</parameter> option tells
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106 | <command>agetty</command> to send this escape sequence to the terminal
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107 | before doing anything else. This escape sequence switches the console
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108 | character set to a user-defined one, which can be modified by running
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109 | the <command>setfont</command> program. The <command>console</command>
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110 | initscript from the CLFS-Bootscripts package calls the
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111 | <command>setfont</command> program during system startup. Sending this
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112 | escape sequence is necessary for people who use non-ISO 8859-1 screen
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113 | fonts, but it does not affect native English speakers.</para>
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114 |
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115 | </sect2>
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116 |
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117 | <sect2 id="contents-sysvinit" role="content">
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118 | <title>Contents of Sysvinit</title>
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119 |
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120 | <segmentedlist>
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121 | <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
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122 |
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123 | <seglistitem>
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124 | <seg>bootlogd, halt, init, killall5, last, lastb (link to last), mesg,
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125 | mountpoint, pidof (link to killall5), poweroff (link to halt),
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126 | reboot (link to halt), runlevel, shutdown, sulogin,
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127 | telinit (link to init), utmpdump, and wall</seg>
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128 | </seglistitem>
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129 | </segmentedlist>
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130 |
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131 | <variablelist>
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132 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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133 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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134 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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135 |
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136 | <varlistentry id="bootlogd">
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137 | <term><command>bootlogd</command></term>
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138 | <listitem>
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139 | <para>Logs boot messages to a log file</para>
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140 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit bootlogd">
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141 | <primary sortas="b-bootlogd">bootlogd</primary>
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142 | </indexterm>
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143 | </listitem>
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144 | </varlistentry>
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145 |
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146 | <varlistentry id="halt">
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147 | <term><command>halt</command></term>
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148 | <listitem>
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149 | <para>Normally invokes <command>shutdown</command> with the
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150 | <parameter>-h</parameter> option, except when already in run-level 0,
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151 | then it tells the kernel to halt the system; it notes in the
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152 | file <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> that the system is being
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153 | brought down</para>
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154 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit halt">
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155 | <primary sortas="b-halt">halt</primary>
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156 | </indexterm>
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157 | </listitem>
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158 | </varlistentry>
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159 |
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160 | <varlistentry id="init">
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161 | <term><command>init</command></term>
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162 | <listitem>
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163 | <para>The first process to be started when the kernel has initialized
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164 | the hardware which takes over the boot process and starts all the
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165 | proceses it is instructed to</para>
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166 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit init">
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167 | <primary sortas="b-init">init</primary>
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168 | </indexterm>
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169 | </listitem>
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170 | </varlistentry>
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171 |
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172 | <varlistentry id="killall5">
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173 | <term><command>killall5</command></term>
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174 | <listitem>
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175 | <para>Sends a signal to all processes, except the processes in its own
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176 | session so it will not kill the shell running the script that called
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177 | it</para>
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178 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit killall5">
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179 | <primary sortas="b-killall5">killall5</primary>
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180 | </indexterm>
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181 | </listitem>
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182 | </varlistentry>
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183 |
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184 | <varlistentry id="last">
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185 | <term><command>last</command></term>
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186 | <listitem>
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187 | <para>Shows which users last logged in (and out), searching back
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188 | through the <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> file; it also shows
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189 | system boots, shutdowns, and run-level changes</para>
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190 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit last">
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191 | <primary sortas="b-last">last</primary>
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192 | </indexterm>
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193 | </listitem>
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194 | </varlistentry>
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195 |
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196 | <varlistentry id="lastb">
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197 | <term><command>lastb</command></term>
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198 | <listitem>
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199 | <para>Shows the failed login attempts, as logged in
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200 | <filename>/var/log/btmp</filename></para>
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201 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit lastb">
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202 | <primary sortas="b-lastb">lastb</primary>
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203 | </indexterm>
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204 | </listitem>
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205 | </varlistentry>
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206 |
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207 | <varlistentry id="mesg">
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208 | <term><command>mesg</command></term>
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209 | <listitem>
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210 | <para>Controls whether other users can send messages to the current
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211 | user's terminal</para>
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212 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit mesg">
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213 | <primary sortas="b-mesg">mesg</primary>
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214 | </indexterm>
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215 | </listitem>
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216 | </varlistentry>
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217 |
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218 | <varlistentry id="mountpoint">
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219 | <term><command>mountpoint</command></term>
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220 | <listitem>
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221 | <para>Tells you whether or not a directory is a mount point.</para>
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222 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit mountpoint">
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223 | <primary sortas="b-mountpoint">mountpoint</primary>
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224 | </indexterm>
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225 | </listitem>
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226 | </varlistentry>
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227 |
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228 | <varlistentry id="pidof">
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229 | <term><command>pidof</command></term>
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230 | <listitem>
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231 | <para>Reports the PIDs of the given programs</para>
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232 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit pidof">
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233 | <primary sortas="b-pidof">pidof</primary>
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234 | </indexterm>
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235 | </listitem>
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236 | </varlistentry>
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237 |
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238 | <varlistentry id="poweroff">
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239 | <term><command>poweroff</command></term>
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240 | <listitem>
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241 | <para>Tells the kernel to halt the system and switch off the computer
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242 | (see <command>halt</command>)</para>
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243 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit poweroff">
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244 | <primary sortas="b-poweroff">poweroff</primary>
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245 | </indexterm>
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246 | </listitem>
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247 | </varlistentry>
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248 |
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249 | <varlistentry id="reboot">
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250 | <term><command>reboot</command></term>
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251 | <listitem>
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252 | <para>Tells the kernel to reboot the system (see
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253 | <command>halt</command>)</para>
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254 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit reboot">
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255 | <primary sortas="b-reboot">reboot</primary>
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256 | </indexterm>
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257 | </listitem>
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258 | </varlistentry>
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259 |
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260 | <varlistentry id="runlevel">
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261 | <term><command>runlevel</command></term>
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262 | <listitem>
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263 | <para>Reports the previous and the current run-level, as noted in
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264 | the last run-level record in <filename>/var/run/utmp</filename></para>
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265 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit runlevel">
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266 | <primary sortas="b-runlevel">runlevel</primary>
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267 | </indexterm>
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268 | </listitem>
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269 | </varlistentry>
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270 |
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271 | <varlistentry id="shutdown">
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272 | <term><command>shutdown</command></term>
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273 | <listitem>
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274 | <para>Brings the system down in a secure way, signaling all processes
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275 | and notifying all logged-in users</para>
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276 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit shutdown">
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277 | <primary sortas="b-shutdown">shutdown</primary>
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278 | </indexterm>
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279 | </listitem>
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280 | </varlistentry>
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281 |
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282 | <varlistentry id="sulogin">
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283 | <term><command>sulogin</command></term>
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284 | <listitem>
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285 | <para>Allows <emphasis>root</emphasis> to log in; it is normally
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286 | invoked by <command>init</command> when the system goes into single
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287 | user mode</para>
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288 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit sulogin">
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289 | <primary sortas="b-sulogin">sulogin</primary>
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290 | </indexterm>
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291 | </listitem>
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292 | </varlistentry>
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293 |
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294 | <varlistentry id="telinit">
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295 | <term><command>telinit</command></term>
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296 | <listitem>
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297 | <para>Tells <command>init</command> which run-level to change to</para>
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298 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit telinit">
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299 | <primary sortas="b-telinit">telinit</primary>
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300 | </indexterm>
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301 | </listitem>
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302 | </varlistentry>
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303 |
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304 | <varlistentry id="utmpdump">
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305 | <term><command>utmpdump</command></term>
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306 | <listitem>
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307 | <para>Displays the content of the given login file in a more
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308 | user-friendly format</para>
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309 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit utmpdump">
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310 | <primary sortas="b-utmpdump">utmpdump</primary>
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311 | </indexterm>
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312 | </listitem>
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313 | </varlistentry>
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314 |
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315 | <varlistentry id="wall">
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316 | <term><command>wall</command></term>
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317 | <listitem>
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318 | <para>Writes a message to all logged-in users</para>
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319 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit wall">
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320 | <primary sortas="b-wall">wall</primary>
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321 | </indexterm>
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322 | </listitem>
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323 | </varlistentry>
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324 |
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325 | </variablelist>
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326 |
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327 | </sect2>
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328 |
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329 | </sect1>
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