source: clfs-sysroot/BOOK/final-system/common/sysvinit.xml @ ddf299b

Last change on this file since ddf299b was d9bec84, checked in by Jim Gifford <clfs@…>, 18 years ago

r3671@server (orig r1668): jciccone | 2006-05-28 07:11:26 -0700
Added information about changing the ownership of the system and creating the neccesary device nodes.

  • Property mode set to 100644
File size: 10.9 KB
Line 
1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
3  "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
4  <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
5  %general-entities;
6]>
7<sect1 id="ch-system-sysvinit" role="wrap">
8  <?dbhtml filename="sysvinit.html"?>
9
10  <title>Sysvinit-&sysvinit-version;</title>
11
12  <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit">
13    <primary sortas="a-Sysvinit">Sysvinit</primary>
14  </indexterm>
15
16  <sect2 role="package">
17    <title/>
18
19    <para>The Sysvinit package contains programs for controlling the startup,
20    running, and shutdown of the system.</para>
21
22  </sect2>
23
24  <sect2 role="installation">
25    <title>Installation of Sysvinit</title>
26
27    <para os="a">When run-levels are changed (for example, when halting the
28    system), <command>init</command> sends termination signals to those
29    processes that <command>init</command> itself started and that should
30    not be running in the new run-level.  While doing this,
31    <command>init</command> outputs messages like <quote>Sending processes
32    the TERM signal</quote> which seem to imply that it is sending these
33    signals to all currently running processes. To avoid this
34    misinterpretation, modify the source so that these messages read like
35    <quote>Sending processes started by init the TERM signal</quote>
36    instead:</para>
37
38<screen os="b"><userinput>cp src/init.c{,.orig}
39sed 's@Sending processes@&amp; started by init@g' \
40    src/init.c.orig &gt; src/init.c</userinput></screen>
41
42    <para os="s1">The following sed makes changes in the Makefile required for cross-compiling</para>
43
44<screen os="s2"><userinput>cp -v src/Makefile src/Makefile.orig
45sed -e 's@/dev/initctl@$(ROOT)&amp;@g' \
46    -e 's@\(mknod \)-m \([0-9]* \)\(.* \)p@\1\3p; chmod \2\3@g' \
47    -e '/^ifeq/s/$(ROOT)//' \
48    -e 's@/usr/lib@$(ROOT)&amp;@' \
49    src/Makefile.orig &gt; src/Makefile</userinput></screen>
50
51    <para os="c">Compile the package:</para>
52
53<screen os="d"><userinput>make -C src clobber
54make -C src ROOT=${LFS} CC="${CC}"</userinput></screen>
55
56    <para os="e">Install the package:</para>
57
58<screen os="f"><userinput>make -C src ROOT=${LFS} INSTALL="install" install</userinput></screen>
59
60  </sect2>
61
62  <sect2 id="conf-sysvinit" role="configuration">
63    <title>Configuring Sysvinit</title>
64
65    <indexterm zone="conf-sysvinit">
66      <primary sortas="a-Sysvinit">Sysvinit</primary>
67    <secondary>configuring</secondary></indexterm>
68
69    <indexterm zone="conf-sysvinit">
70      <primary sortas="e-/etc/inittab">/etc/inittab</primary>
71    </indexterm>
72
73    <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/inittab</filename> by running the
74    following:</para>
75
76<screen><userinput>cat &gt; ${LFS}/etc/inittab &lt;&lt; "EOF"
77<literal># Begin /etc/inittab
78
79id:3:initdefault:
80
81si::sysinit:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc sysinit
82
83l0:0:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 0
84l1:S1:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 1
85l2:2:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 2
86l3:3:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 3
87l4:4:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 4
88l5:5:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 5
89l6:6:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 6
90
91ca:12345:ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t1 -a -r now
92
93su:S016:once:/sbin/sulogin
94
951:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -I '\033(K' tty1 9600
962:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -I '\033(K' tty2 9600
973:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -I '\033(K' tty3 9600
984:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -I '\033(K' tty4 9600
995:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -I '\033(K' tty5 9600
1006:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -I '\033(K' tty6 9600
101
102# End /etc/inittab</literal>
103EOF</userinput></screen>
104
105    <para>The <parameter>-I '\033(K'</parameter> option tells
106    <command>agetty</command> to send this escape sequence to the terminal
107    before doing anything else. This escape sequence switches the console
108    character set to a user-defined one, which can be modified by running
109    the <command>setfont</command> program. The <command>console</command>
110    initscript from the LFS-Bootscripts package calls the
111    <command>setfont</command> program during system startup. Sending this
112    escape sequence is necessary for people who use non-ISO 8859-1 screen
113    fonts, but it does not affect native English speakers.</para>
114
115  </sect2>
116
117  <sect2 id="contents-sysvinit" role="content">
118    <title>Contents of Sysvinit</title>
119
120    <segmentedlist>
121      <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
122
123      <seglistitem>
124        <seg>halt, init, killall5, last, lastb (link to last), mesg, pidof
125        (link to killall5), poweroff (link to halt), reboot (link to halt),
126        runlevel, shutdown, sulogin, telinit (link to init), utmpdump,
127        and wall</seg>
128      </seglistitem>
129    </segmentedlist>
130
131    <variablelist>
132      <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
133      <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
134      <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
135
136      <varlistentry id="halt">
137        <term><command>halt</command></term>
138        <listitem>
139          <para>Normally invokes <command>shutdown</command> with the
140          <parameter>-h</parameter> option, except when already in run-level 0,
141          then it tells the kernel to halt the system; it notes in the
142          file <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> that the system is being
143          brought down</para>
144          <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit halt">
145            <primary sortas="b-halt">halt</primary>
146          </indexterm>
147        </listitem>
148      </varlistentry>
149
150      <varlistentry id="init">
151        <term><command>init</command></term>
152        <listitem>
153          <para>The first process to be started when the kernel has initialized
154          the hardware which takes over the boot process and starts all the
155          proceses it is instructed to</para>
156          <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit init">
157            <primary sortas="b-init">init</primary>
158          </indexterm>
159        </listitem>
160      </varlistentry>
161
162      <varlistentry id="killall5">
163        <term><command>killall5</command></term>
164        <listitem>
165          <para>Sends a signal to all processes, except the processes in its own
166          session so it will not kill the shell running the script that called
167          it</para>
168          <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit killall5">
169            <primary sortas="b-killall5">killall5</primary>
170          </indexterm>
171        </listitem>
172      </varlistentry>
173
174      <varlistentry id="last">
175        <term><command>last</command></term>
176        <listitem>
177          <para>Shows which users last logged in (and out), searching back
178          through the <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> file; it also shows
179          system boots, shutdowns, and run-level changes</para>
180          <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit last">
181            <primary sortas="b-last">last</primary>
182          </indexterm>
183        </listitem>
184      </varlistentry>
185
186      <varlistentry id="lastb">
187        <term><command>lastb</command></term>
188        <listitem>
189          <para>Shows the failed login attempts, as logged in
190          <filename>/var/log/btmp</filename></para>
191          <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit lastb">
192            <primary sortas="b-lastb">lastb</primary>
193          </indexterm>
194        </listitem>
195      </varlistentry>
196
197      <varlistentry id="mesg">
198        <term><command>mesg</command></term>
199        <listitem>
200          <para>Controls whether other users can send messages to the current
201          user's terminal</para>
202          <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit mesg">
203            <primary sortas="b-mesg">mesg</primary>
204          </indexterm>
205        </listitem>
206      </varlistentry>
207
208      <varlistentry id="pidof">
209        <term><command>pidof</command></term>
210        <listitem>
211          <para>Reports the PIDs of the given programs</para>
212          <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit pidof">
213            <primary sortas="b-pidof">pidof</primary>
214          </indexterm>
215        </listitem>
216      </varlistentry>
217
218      <varlistentry id="poweroff">
219        <term><command>poweroff</command></term>
220        <listitem>
221          <para>Tells the kernel to halt the system and switch off the computer
222          (see <command>halt</command>)</para>
223          <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit poweroff">
224            <primary sortas="b-poweroff">poweroff</primary>
225          </indexterm>
226        </listitem>
227      </varlistentry>
228
229      <varlistentry id="reboot">
230        <term><command>reboot</command></term>
231        <listitem>
232          <para>Tells the kernel to reboot the system (see
233          <command>halt</command>)</para>
234          <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit reboot">
235            <primary sortas="b-reboot">reboot</primary>
236          </indexterm>
237        </listitem>
238      </varlistentry>
239
240      <varlistentry id="runlevel">
241        <term><command>runlevel</command></term>
242        <listitem>
243          <para>Reports the previous and the current run-level, as noted in
244          the last run-level record in <filename>/var/run/utmp</filename></para>
245          <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit runlevel">
246            <primary sortas="b-runlevel">runlevel</primary>
247          </indexterm>
248        </listitem>
249      </varlistentry>
250
251      <varlistentry id="shutdown">
252        <term><command>shutdown</command></term>
253        <listitem>
254          <para>Brings the system down in a secure way, signaling all processes
255          and notifying all logged-in users</para>
256          <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit shutdown">
257            <primary sortas="b-shutdown">shutdown</primary>
258          </indexterm>
259        </listitem>
260      </varlistentry>
261
262      <varlistentry id="sulogin">
263        <term><command>sulogin</command></term>
264        <listitem>
265          <para>Allows <emphasis>root</emphasis> to log in; it is normally
266          invoked by <command>init</command> when the system goes into single
267          user mode</para>
268          <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit sulogin">
269            <primary sortas="b-sulogin">sulogin</primary>
270          </indexterm>
271        </listitem>
272      </varlistentry>
273
274      <varlistentry id="telinit">
275        <term><command>telinit</command></term>
276        <listitem>
277          <para>Tells <command>init</command> which run-level to change to</para>
278          <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit telinit">
279            <primary sortas="b-telinit">telinit</primary>
280          </indexterm>
281        </listitem>
282      </varlistentry>
283
284      <varlistentry id="utmpdump">
285        <term><command>utmpdump</command></term>
286        <listitem>
287          <para>Displays the content of the given login file in a more
288          user-friendly format</para>
289          <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit utmpdump">
290            <primary sortas="b-utmpdump">utmpdump</primary>
291          </indexterm>
292        </listitem>
293      </varlistentry>
294
295      <varlistentry id="wall">
296        <term><command>wall</command></term>
297        <listitem>
298          <para>Writes a message to all logged-in users</para>
299          <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit wall">
300            <primary sortas="b-wall">wall</primary>
301          </indexterm>
302        </listitem>
303      </varlistentry>
304
305    </variablelist>
306
307  </sect2>
308
309</sect1>
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