| [02095ae] | 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
|---|
| 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
|---|
| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
|---|
| 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
|
|---|
| 5 | %general-entities;
|
|---|
| 6 | ]>
|
|---|
| 7 | <sect1 id="ch-system-sysvinit" role="wrap">
|
|---|
| 8 | <?dbhtml filename="sysvinit.html"?>
|
|---|
| 9 |
|
|---|
| 10 | <title>Sysvinit-&sysvinit-version;</title>
|
|---|
| 11 |
|
|---|
| 12 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit">
|
|---|
| 13 | <primary sortas="a-Sysvinit">Sysvinit</primary>
|
|---|
| 14 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 15 |
|
|---|
| 16 | <sect2 role="package">
|
|---|
| 17 | <title/>
|
|---|
| 18 |
|
|---|
| 19 | <para>The Sysvinit package contains programs for controlling the startup,
|
|---|
| 20 | running, and shutdown of the system.</para>
|
|---|
| 21 |
|
|---|
| 22 | </sect2>
|
|---|
| 23 |
|
|---|
| 24 | <sect2 role="installation">
|
|---|
| 25 | <title>Installation of Sysvinit</title>
|
|---|
| 26 |
|
|---|
| 27 | <para os="a">When run-levels are changed (for example, when halting the
|
|---|
| 28 | system), <command>init</command> sends termination signals to those
|
|---|
| 29 | processes that <command>init</command> itself started and that should
|
|---|
| 30 | not be running in the new run-level. While doing this,
|
|---|
| 31 | <command>init</command> outputs messages like <quote>Sending processes
|
|---|
| 32 | the TERM signal</quote> which seem to imply that it is sending these
|
|---|
| 33 | signals to all currently running processes. To avoid this
|
|---|
| 34 | misinterpretation, modify the source so that these messages read like
|
|---|
| 35 | <quote>Sending processes started by init the TERM signal</quote>
|
|---|
| 36 | instead:</para>
|
|---|
| 37 |
|
|---|
| 38 | <screen os="b"><userinput>sed -i 's@Sending processes@& started by init@g' \
|
|---|
| 39 | src/init.c</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 40 |
|
|---|
| 41 | <para os="s1">The following sed makes changes in the Makefile required for cross-compiling</para>
|
|---|
| 42 |
|
|---|
| 43 | <screen os="s2"><userinput>cp -v src/Makefile src/Makefile.orig
|
|---|
| 44 | sed -e 's@root@0@g' \
|
|---|
| 45 | -e "s@/dev/initctl@${LFS}&@g" \
|
|---|
| 46 | -e 's@\(mknod \)-m \([0-9]* \)\(.* \)p@\1\3p; chmod \2\3@g' \
|
|---|
| 47 | src/Makefile.orig > src/Makefile</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 48 |
|
|---|
| 49 | <para os="c">Compile the package:</para>
|
|---|
| 50 |
|
|---|
| 51 | <screen os="d"><userinput>make -C src clobber
|
|---|
| 52 | make -C src CC="${CC}"</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 53 |
|
|---|
| 54 | <para os="e">Install the package:</para>
|
|---|
| 55 |
|
|---|
| 56 | <screen os="f"><userinput>make -C src install</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 57 |
|
|---|
| 58 | </sect2>
|
|---|
| 59 |
|
|---|
| 60 | <sect2 id="conf-sysvinit" role="configuration">
|
|---|
| 61 | <title>Configuring Sysvinit</title>
|
|---|
| 62 |
|
|---|
| 63 | <indexterm zone="conf-sysvinit">
|
|---|
| 64 | <primary sortas="a-Sysvinit">Sysvinit</primary>
|
|---|
| 65 | <secondary>configuring</secondary></indexterm>
|
|---|
| 66 |
|
|---|
| 67 | <indexterm zone="conf-sysvinit">
|
|---|
| 68 | <primary sortas="e-/etc/inittab">/etc/inittab</primary>
|
|---|
| 69 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 70 |
|
|---|
| 71 | <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/inittab</filename> by running the
|
|---|
| 72 | following:</para>
|
|---|
| 73 |
|
|---|
| 74 | <screen><userinput>cat > ${LFS}/etc/inittab << "EOF"
|
|---|
| 75 | <literal># Begin /etc/inittab
|
|---|
| 76 |
|
|---|
| 77 | id:3:initdefault:
|
|---|
| 78 |
|
|---|
| 79 | si::sysinit:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc sysinit
|
|---|
| 80 |
|
|---|
| 81 | l0:0:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 0
|
|---|
| 82 | l1:S1:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 1
|
|---|
| 83 | l2:2:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 2
|
|---|
| 84 | l3:3:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 3
|
|---|
| 85 | l4:4:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 4
|
|---|
| 86 | l5:5:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 5
|
|---|
| 87 | l6:6:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 6
|
|---|
| 88 |
|
|---|
| 89 | ca:12345:ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t1 -a -r now
|
|---|
| 90 |
|
|---|
| 91 | su:S016:once:/sbin/sulogin
|
|---|
| 92 |
|
|---|
| 93 | 1:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -I '\033(K' tty1 9600
|
|---|
| 94 | 2:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -I '\033(K' tty2 9600
|
|---|
| 95 | 3:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -I '\033(K' tty3 9600
|
|---|
| 96 | 4:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -I '\033(K' tty4 9600
|
|---|
| 97 | 5:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -I '\033(K' tty5 9600
|
|---|
| 98 | 6:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -I '\033(K' tty6 9600
|
|---|
| 99 |
|
|---|
| 100 | # End /etc/inittab</literal>
|
|---|
| 101 | EOF</userinput></screen>
|
|---|
| 102 |
|
|---|
| 103 | <para>The <parameter>-I '\033(K'</parameter> option tells
|
|---|
| 104 | <command>agetty</command> to send this escape sequence to the terminal
|
|---|
| 105 | before doing anything else. This escape sequence switches the console
|
|---|
| 106 | character set to a user-defined one, which can be modified by running
|
|---|
| 107 | the <command>setfont</command> program. The <command>console</command>
|
|---|
| 108 | initscript from the LFS-Bootscripts package calls the
|
|---|
| 109 | <command>setfont</command> program during system startup. Sending this
|
|---|
| 110 | escape sequence is necessary for people who use non-ISO 8859-1 screen
|
|---|
| 111 | fonts, but it does not affect native English speakers.</para>
|
|---|
| 112 |
|
|---|
| 113 | </sect2>
|
|---|
| 114 |
|
|---|
| 115 | <sect2 id="contents-sysvinit" role="content">
|
|---|
| 116 | <title>Contents of Sysvinit</title>
|
|---|
| 117 |
|
|---|
| 118 | <segmentedlist>
|
|---|
| 119 | <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
|
|---|
| 120 |
|
|---|
| 121 | <seglistitem>
|
|---|
| 122 | <seg>halt, init, killall5, last, lastb (link to last), mesg, pidof
|
|---|
| 123 | (link to killall5), poweroff (link to halt), reboot (link to halt),
|
|---|
| 124 | runlevel, shutdown, sulogin, telinit (link to init), utmpdump,
|
|---|
| 125 | and wall</seg>
|
|---|
| 126 | </seglistitem>
|
|---|
| 127 | </segmentedlist>
|
|---|
| 128 |
|
|---|
| 129 | <variablelist>
|
|---|
| 130 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
|---|
| 131 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
|---|
| 132 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
|---|
| 133 |
|
|---|
| 134 | <varlistentry id="halt">
|
|---|
| 135 | <term><command>halt</command></term>
|
|---|
| 136 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 137 | <para>Normally invokes <command>shutdown</command> with the
|
|---|
| 138 | <parameter>-h</parameter> option, except when already in run-level 0,
|
|---|
| 139 | then it tells the kernel to halt the system; it notes in the
|
|---|
| 140 | file <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> that the system is being
|
|---|
| 141 | brought down</para>
|
|---|
| 142 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit halt">
|
|---|
| 143 | <primary sortas="b-halt">halt</primary>
|
|---|
| 144 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 145 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 146 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 147 |
|
|---|
| 148 | <varlistentry id="init">
|
|---|
| 149 | <term><command>init</command></term>
|
|---|
| 150 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 151 | <para>The first process to be started when the kernel has initialized
|
|---|
| 152 | the hardware which takes over the boot process and starts all the
|
|---|
| 153 | proceses it is instructed to</para>
|
|---|
| 154 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit init">
|
|---|
| 155 | <primary sortas="b-init">init</primary>
|
|---|
| 156 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 157 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 158 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 159 |
|
|---|
| 160 | <varlistentry id="killall5">
|
|---|
| 161 | <term><command>killall5</command></term>
|
|---|
| 162 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 163 | <para>Sends a signal to all processes, except the processes in its own
|
|---|
| 164 | session so it will not kill the shell running the script that called
|
|---|
| 165 | it</para>
|
|---|
| 166 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit killall5">
|
|---|
| 167 | <primary sortas="b-killall5">killall5</primary>
|
|---|
| 168 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 169 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 170 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 171 |
|
|---|
| 172 | <varlistentry id="last">
|
|---|
| 173 | <term><command>last</command></term>
|
|---|
| 174 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 175 | <para>Shows which users last logged in (and out), searching back
|
|---|
| 176 | through the <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> file; it also shows
|
|---|
| 177 | system boots, shutdowns, and run-level changes</para>
|
|---|
| 178 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit last">
|
|---|
| 179 | <primary sortas="b-last">last</primary>
|
|---|
| 180 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 181 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 182 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 183 |
|
|---|
| 184 | <varlistentry id="lastb">
|
|---|
| 185 | <term><command>lastb</command></term>
|
|---|
| 186 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 187 | <para>Shows the failed login attempts, as logged in
|
|---|
| 188 | <filename>/var/log/btmp</filename></para>
|
|---|
| 189 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit lastb">
|
|---|
| 190 | <primary sortas="b-lastb">lastb</primary>
|
|---|
| 191 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 192 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 193 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 194 |
|
|---|
| 195 | <varlistentry id="mesg">
|
|---|
| 196 | <term><command>mesg</command></term>
|
|---|
| 197 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 198 | <para>Controls whether other users can send messages to the current
|
|---|
| 199 | user's terminal</para>
|
|---|
| 200 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit mesg">
|
|---|
| 201 | <primary sortas="b-mesg">mesg</primary>
|
|---|
| 202 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 203 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 204 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 205 |
|
|---|
| 206 | <varlistentry id="pidof">
|
|---|
| 207 | <term><command>pidof</command></term>
|
|---|
| 208 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 209 | <para>Reports the PIDs of the given programs</para>
|
|---|
| 210 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit pidof">
|
|---|
| 211 | <primary sortas="b-pidof">pidof</primary>
|
|---|
| 212 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 213 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 214 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 215 |
|
|---|
| 216 | <varlistentry id="poweroff">
|
|---|
| 217 | <term><command>poweroff</command></term>
|
|---|
| 218 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 219 | <para>Tells the kernel to halt the system and switch off the computer
|
|---|
| 220 | (see <command>halt</command>)</para>
|
|---|
| 221 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit poweroff">
|
|---|
| 222 | <primary sortas="b-poweroff">poweroff</primary>
|
|---|
| 223 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 224 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 225 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 226 |
|
|---|
| 227 | <varlistentry id="reboot">
|
|---|
| 228 | <term><command>reboot</command></term>
|
|---|
| 229 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 230 | <para>Tells the kernel to reboot the system (see
|
|---|
| 231 | <command>halt</command>)</para>
|
|---|
| 232 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit reboot">
|
|---|
| 233 | <primary sortas="b-reboot">reboot</primary>
|
|---|
| 234 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 235 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 236 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 237 |
|
|---|
| 238 | <varlistentry id="runlevel">
|
|---|
| 239 | <term><command>runlevel</command></term>
|
|---|
| 240 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 241 | <para>Reports the previous and the current run-level, as noted in
|
|---|
| 242 | the last run-level record in <filename>/var/run/utmp</filename></para>
|
|---|
| 243 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit runlevel">
|
|---|
| 244 | <primary sortas="b-runlevel">runlevel</primary>
|
|---|
| 245 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 246 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 247 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 248 |
|
|---|
| 249 | <varlistentry id="shutdown">
|
|---|
| 250 | <term><command>shutdown</command></term>
|
|---|
| 251 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 252 | <para>Brings the system down in a secure way, signaling all processes
|
|---|
| 253 | and notifying all logged-in users</para>
|
|---|
| 254 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit shutdown">
|
|---|
| 255 | <primary sortas="b-shutdown">shutdown</primary>
|
|---|
| 256 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 257 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 258 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 259 |
|
|---|
| 260 | <varlistentry id="sulogin">
|
|---|
| 261 | <term><command>sulogin</command></term>
|
|---|
| 262 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 263 | <para>Allows <emphasis>root</emphasis> to log in; it is normally
|
|---|
| 264 | invoked by <command>init</command> when the system goes into single
|
|---|
| 265 | user mode</para>
|
|---|
| 266 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit sulogin">
|
|---|
| 267 | <primary sortas="b-sulogin">sulogin</primary>
|
|---|
| 268 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 269 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 270 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 271 |
|
|---|
| 272 | <varlistentry id="telinit">
|
|---|
| 273 | <term><command>telinit</command></term>
|
|---|
| 274 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 275 | <para>Tells <command>init</command> which run-level to change to</para>
|
|---|
| 276 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit telinit">
|
|---|
| 277 | <primary sortas="b-telinit">telinit</primary>
|
|---|
| 278 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 279 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 280 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 281 |
|
|---|
| 282 | <varlistentry id="utmpdump">
|
|---|
| 283 | <term><command>utmpdump</command></term>
|
|---|
| 284 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 285 | <para>Displays the content of the given login file in a more
|
|---|
| 286 | user-friendly format</para>
|
|---|
| 287 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit utmpdump">
|
|---|
| 288 | <primary sortas="b-utmpdump">utmpdump</primary>
|
|---|
| 289 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 290 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 291 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 292 |
|
|---|
| 293 | <varlistentry id="wall">
|
|---|
| 294 | <term><command>wall</command></term>
|
|---|
| 295 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 296 | <para>Writes a message to all logged-in users</para>
|
|---|
| 297 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit wall">
|
|---|
| 298 | <primary sortas="b-wall">wall</primary>
|
|---|
| 299 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 300 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 301 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 302 |
|
|---|
| 303 | </variablelist>
|
|---|
| 304 |
|
|---|
| 305 | </sect2>
|
|---|
| 306 |
|
|---|
| 307 | </sect1>
|
|---|
