source: clfs-sysroot/BOOK/final-system/common/gcc.xml @ 73b1cbb

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
  "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
  <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
  %general-entities;
]>

<sect1 id="ch-system-gcc" role="wrap">
  <?dbhtml filename="gcc.html"?>

  <title>GCC-&gcc-version;</title>

  <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc">
    <primary sortas="a-GCC">GCC</primary>
  </indexterm>

  <sect2 role="package">
    <title/>

    <para>The GCC package contains the GNU compiler collection, which includes
    the C and C++ compilers.</para>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="installation">
    <title>Installation of GCC</title>

    <para os="p1">To make sure that a couple of tools use the proper syntax,
    apply the following patch:</para>

<screen os="p2"><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&gcc-posix-patch;</userinput></screen>

    <para os="p3">The following patch contains a number of updates to the
    &gcc-version; branch by the GCC developers:</para>

<screen os="p4"><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&gcc-branch_update-patch;</userinput></screen>

    <para os="a">Apply a <command>sed</command> substitution that will suppress the
    installation of <filename class="libraryfile">libiberty.a</filename>. The
    version of <filename class="libraryfile">libiberty.a</filename> provided by
    Binutils will be used instead:</para>

<screen os="b"><userinput>cp libiberty/Makefile.in{,.orig}
sed 's/install_to_$(INSTALL_DEST) //' libiberty/Makefile.in.orig &gt; \
    libiberty/Makefile.in</userinput></screen>

    <para os="e1">GCC provides a <command>gccbug</command> script which detects at
    compile time whether <command>mktemp</command> is present, and hardcodes
    the result in a test. If <command>mktemp</command> is not found, the
    script will fall back to using less random names for temporary files.
    <command>mktemp</command> will be installed as part of Coreutils
    later, so the following <command>sed</command> will simulate its presence:</para>

<screen os="e2"><userinput>cp gcc/gccbug.in{,.orig}
sed 's/@have_mktemp_command@/yes/' gcc/gccbug.in.orig &gt; gcc/gccbug.in</userinput></screen>

    <para os="s1">The <command>fixincludes</command> script attempts to "fix"
    the system headers installed so far. Since GCC is cross-compiled expecting
    the system headers to be in <filename class="directory">/usr/include</filename>,
    the script will be looking at the host system's headers. The following sed
    prevents <command>fixincludes</command> from running:</para>

<screen os="s2"><userinput>cp gcc/Makefile.in{,.orig}
sed 's@\./fixinc\.sh@-c true@' gcc/Makefile.in.orig &gt; gcc/Makefile.in</userinput></screen>

    <para os="c">The GCC documentation recommends building GCC outside of the source
    directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>

<screen os="d"><userinput>mkdir -v ../gcc-build
cd ../gcc-build</userinput></screen>

    <para os="e">Prepare GCC for compilation:</para>

<screen os="f"><userinput>../gcc-&gcc-version;/configure --prefix=/usr --libexecdir=/usr/lib \
    --build=${CLFS_HOST} --host=${CLFS_TARGET} --target=${CLFS_TARGET} \
    --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --enable-__cxa_atexit \
    --enable-c99 --enable-long-long --enable-clocale=gnu \
    --enable-languages=c,c++ --disable-libstdcxx-pch</userinput></screen>

    <para os="g">Compile the package:</para>

<screen os="h"><userinput>make</userinput></screen>

    <para os="i">Install the package:</para>

<screen os="j"><userinput>make DESTDIR=${CLFS} install</userinput></screen>

    <para os="k">Some packages expect the C preprocessor to be installed in the
    <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> directory.
    To support those packages, create this symlink:</para>

<screen os="l"><userinput>ln -sfv ../usr/bin/cpp ${CLFS}/lib</userinput></screen>

    <para os="m">Many packages use the name <command>cc</command> to call the C
    compiler. To satisfy those packages, create a symlink:</para>

<screen os="o"><userinput>ln -sfv gcc ${CLFS}/usr/bin/cc</userinput></screen>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 id="contents-gcc" role="content">
    <title>Contents of GCC</title>

    <segmentedlist>
      <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
      <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>

      <seglistitem>
        <seg>c++, cc (link to gcc), cpp, g++, gcc, gccbug, and gcov</seg>
        <seg>libgcc.a, libgcc_eh.a, libgcc_s.so, libgomp.[a,so], libmudflap.[a,so],
        libmudflapth.[a,so], libssp.[a,so], libstdc++.[a,so], and
        libsupc++.a</seg>
      </seglistitem>
    </segmentedlist>

    <variablelist>
      <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
      <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
      <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>

      <varlistentry id="cc">
        <term><command>cc</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>The C compiler</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc cc">
            <primary sortas="b-cc">cc</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="cpp">
        <term><command>cpp</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>The C preprocessor; it is used by the compiler to expand the
          #include, #define, and similar statements in the source files</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc cpp">
            <primary sortas="b-cpp">cpp</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="c">
        <term><command>c++</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>The C++ compiler</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc c">
            <primary sortas="b-c++">c++</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="g">
        <term><command>g++</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>The C++ compiler</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc g">
            <primary sortas="b-g++">g++</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="gcc">
        <term><command>gcc</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>The C compiler</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcc">
            <primary sortas="b-gcc">gcc</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="gccbug">
        <term><command>gccbug</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>A shell script used to help create useful bug reports</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gccbug">
            <primary sortas="b-gccbug">gccbug</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="gcov">
        <term><command>gcov</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>A coverage testing tool; it is used to analyze programs to
          determine where optimizations will have the most effect</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcov">
            <primary sortas="b-gcov">gcov</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="libgcc">
        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libgcc</filename></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Contains run-time support for <command>gcc</command></para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libgcc">
            <primary sortas="c-libgcc*">libgcc*</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="libmudflap">
        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmudflap</filename></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>The libmudflap libraries are used by GCC for instrumenting
          pointer and array dereferencing operations.</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libmudflap">
            <primary sortas="c-libmudflap*">libmudflap*</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="libstdc">
        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libstdc++</filename></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>The standard C++ library</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libstdc">
            <primary sortas="c-libstdc++">libstdc++</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="libsupc">
        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libsupc++</filename></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Provides supporting routines for the C++ programming
          language</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libsupc">
            <primary sortas="c-libsupc++">libsupc++</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

    </variablelist>

  </sect2>

</sect1>