source: clfs-sysroot/BOOK/final-system/common/coreutils.xml @ b604539

Last change on this file since b604539 was 12e6567, checked in by Joe Ciccone <jciccone@…>, 15 years ago

Added a sysroot wrapper.
Updated the build variables section of the book, each package uses its own.

  • Property mode set to 100644
File size: 39.4 KB
Line 
1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3  "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4  <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
5  %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-coreutils" role="wrap">
9  <?dbhtml filename="coreutils.html"?>
10
11  <title>Coreutils-&coreutils-version;</title>
12
13  <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils">
14    <primary sortas="a-Coreutils">Coreutils</primary>
15  </indexterm>
16
17  <sect2 role="package">
18    <title/>
19
20    <para>The Coreutils package contains utilities for showing and setting the
21    basic system characteristics.</para>
22
23  </sect2>
24
25  &env-target;
26
27  <sect2 role="installation">
28    <title>Installation of Coreutils</title>
29
30    <para os="p1">A known issue with the <command>uname</command> program from
31    this package is that the <option>-p</option> switch always
32    returns <computeroutput>unknown</computeroutput>. The following patch
33    fixes this behavior for all architectures:</para>
34
35<screen os="p2"><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&coreutils-uname-patch;</userinput></screen>
36
37    <para os="aa">The following command updates the timestamps on the uname
38    and hostname man pages so that the Makefile does not attempt to regenerate
39    them:</para>
40
41<screen os="ab"><userinput>touch man/uname.1 man/hostname.1</userinput></screen>
42
43    <para os="s1">Coreutils attempts to use the <command>install</command>
44    program it just built to perform the install. This will not work if the
45    target architecture is incompatible with the host architecture. The
46    following command causes the Makefile to use the host's
47    <command>install</command> to perform the install:</para>
48
49<screen os="s2"><userinput>cp -v src/Makefile.in{,.orig}
50sed -e "/binPROGRAMS_INSTALL=/s:./ginstall:install:" src/Makefile.in.orig &gt; src/Makefile.in</userinput></screen>
51
52    <para os="a">Configure can not properly determine how to get free space
53    when cross-compiling - as a result, the <command>df</command> program will
54    not be built. Add the following entry to <filename>config.cache</filename>
55    to correct this:</para>
56
57<screen os="b"><userinput>cat &gt; config.cache &lt;&lt; EOF
58fu_cv_sys_stat_statfs2_bsize=yes
59gl_cv_func_mbrtowc_incomplete_state=yes
60gl_cv_func_mbrtowc_nul_retval=yes
61gl_cv_func_mbrtowc_null_arg=yes
62gl_cv_func_mbrtowc_retval=yes
63gl_cv_func_btowc_eof=yes
64gl_cv_func_wcrtomb_retval=yes
65gl_cv_func_wctob_works=yes
66EOF</userinput></screen>
67
68    <para os="c">Now prepare Coreutils for compilation:</para>
69
70<screen os="d"><userinput>./configure --build=${CLFS_HOST} --host=${CLFS_TARGET} \
71    --prefix=/usr --cache-file=config.cache \
72    --enable-no-install-program=kill,uptime \
73    --enable-install-program=hostname</userinput></screen>
74
75    <para os="e">Compile the package:</para>
76
77<screen os="f"><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
78
79    <para os="g">Install the package:</para>
80
81<screen os="h"><userinput>make DESTDIR=${CLFS} install</userinput></screen>
82
83    <para os="i">Move programs to the locations specified by the FHS:</para>
84
85<screen os="j"><userinput>mv -v ${CLFS}/usr/bin/{cat,chgrp,chmod,chown,cp,date} ${CLFS}/bin
86mv -v ${CLFS}/usr/bin/{dd,df,echo,false,hostname,ln,ls,mkdir} ${CLFS}/bin
87mv -v ${CLFS}/usr/bin/{mv,pwd,rm,rmdir,stty,true,uname} ${CLFS}/bin
88mv -v ${CLFS}/usr/bin/chroot ${CLFS}/usr/sbin</userinput></screen>
89
90    <para os="k">Other Coreutils programs are used by some of the scripts
91    in the CLFS-Bootscripts package. As <filename
92    class="directory">/usr</filename> may not be available during the early
93    stages of booting, those binaries need to be on the root partition:</para>
94
95<screen os="l"><userinput>mv -v ${CLFS}/usr/bin/{[,basename,head,install,nice} ${CLFS}/bin
96mv -v ${CLFS}/usr/bin/{readlink,sleep,sync,test,touch} ${CLFS}/bin
97ln -sfv ../../bin/install ${CLFS}/usr/bin</userinput></screen>
98
99  </sect2>
100
101  <sect2 id="contents-coreutils" role="content">
102    <title>Contents of Coreutils</title>
103
104    <segmentedlist>
105      <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
106
107      <seglistitem>
108        <seg>[, base64, basename, cat, chcon, chgrp, chmod, chown, chroot,
109        cksum, comm, cp, csplit, cut, date, dd, df, dir, dircolors, dirname, du,
110        echo, env, expand, expr, factor, false, fmt, fold, groups, head,
111        hostid, hostname, id, install, join, link, ln, logname, ls, md5sum,
112        mkdir, mkfifo, mknod, mktemp, mv, nice, nl, nohup, od, paste, pathchk,
113        pinky, pr, printenv, printf, ptx, pwd, readlink, rm, rmdir, runcon, seq,
114        sha1sum, sha224sum, sha256sum, sha384sum, sha512sum, shred, shuf,
115        sleep, sort, split, stat, stty, sum, sync, tac, tail, tee, test,
116        timeout, touch, tr, true, truncate, tsort, tty, uname, unexpand, uniq,
117        unlink, users, vdir, wc, who, whoami, and yes</seg>
118      </seglistitem>
119    </segmentedlist>
120
121    <variablelist>
122      <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
123      <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
124      <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
125
126      <varlistentry id="base64">
127        <term><command>base64</command></term>
128        <listitem>
129          <para>Base64 encode/decode data and print to standard output</para>
130          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils base64">
131            <primary sortas="b-base64">base64</primary>
132          </indexterm>
133        </listitem>
134      </varlistentry>
135
136      <varlistentry id="basename">
137        <term><command>basename</command></term>
138        <listitem>
139          <para>Strips any path and a given suffix from a file name</para>
140          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils basename">
141            <primary sortas="b-basename">basename</primary>
142          </indexterm>
143        </listitem>
144      </varlistentry>
145
146      <varlistentry id="cat">
147        <term><command>cat</command></term>
148        <listitem>
149          <para>Concatenates files to standard output</para>
150          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils cat">
151            <primary sortas="b-cat">cat</primary>
152          </indexterm>
153        </listitem>
154      </varlistentry>
155
156      <varlistentry id="chcon">
157        <term><command>chcon</command></term>
158        <listitem>
159          <para>Changes security context for files and directories</para>
160          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils chcon">
161            <primary sortas="b-chcon">chcon</primary>
162          </indexterm>
163        </listitem>
164      </varlistentry>
165
166      <varlistentry id="chgrp">
167        <term><command>chgrp</command></term>
168        <listitem>
169          <para>Changes the group ownership of files and directories</para>
170          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils chgrp">
171            <primary sortas="b-chgrp">chgrp</primary>
172          </indexterm>
173        </listitem>
174      </varlistentry>
175
176      <varlistentry id="chmod">
177        <term><command>chmod</command></term>
178        <listitem>
179          <para>Changes the permissions of each file to the given mode; the mode
180          can be either a symbolic representation of the changes to make or an
181          octal number representing the new permissions</para>
182          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils chmod">
183            <primary sortas="b-chmod">chmod</primary>
184          </indexterm>
185        </listitem>
186      </varlistentry>
187
188      <varlistentry id="chown">
189        <term><command>chown</command></term>
190        <listitem>
191          <para>Changes the user and/or group ownership of files and
192          directories</para>
193          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils chown">
194            <primary sortas="b-chown">chown</primary>
195          </indexterm>
196        </listitem>
197      </varlistentry>
198
199      <varlistentry id="chroot">
200        <term><command>chroot</command></term>
201        <listitem>
202          <para>Runs a command with the specified directory as the
203          <filename class="directory">/</filename> directory</para>
204          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils chroot">
205            <primary sortas="b-chroot">chroot</primary>
206          </indexterm>
207        </listitem>
208      </varlistentry>
209
210      <varlistentry id="cksum">
211        <term><command>cksum</command></term>
212        <listitem>
213          <para>Prints the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) checksum and the byte
214          counts of each specified file</para>
215          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils cksum">
216            <primary sortas="b-cksum">cksum</primary>
217          </indexterm>
218        </listitem>
219      </varlistentry>
220
221      <varlistentry id="comm">
222        <term><command>comm</command></term>
223        <listitem>
224          <para>Compares two sorted files, outputting in three columns the lines
225          that are unique and the lines that are common</para>
226          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils comm">
227            <primary sortas="b-comm">comm</primary>
228          </indexterm>
229        </listitem>
230      </varlistentry>
231
232      <varlistentry id="cp">
233        <term><command>cp</command></term>
234        <listitem>
235          <para>Copies files</para>
236          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils cp">
237            <primary sortas="b-cp">cp</primary>
238          </indexterm>
239        </listitem>
240      </varlistentry>
241
242      <varlistentry id="csplit">
243        <term><command>csplit</command></term>
244        <listitem>
245          <para>Splits a given file into several new files, separating them
246          according to given patterns or line numbers and outputting the byte
247          count of each new file</para>
248          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils csplit">
249            <primary sortas="b-csplit">csplit</primary>
250          </indexterm>
251        </listitem>
252      </varlistentry>
253
254      <varlistentry id="cut">
255        <term><command>cut</command></term>
256        <listitem>
257          <para>Prints sections of lines, selecting the parts according to given
258          fields or positions</para>
259          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils cut">
260            <primary sortas="b-cut">cut</primary>
261          </indexterm>
262        </listitem>
263      </varlistentry>
264
265      <varlistentry id="date">
266        <term><command>date</command></term>
267        <listitem>
268          <para>Displays the current time in the given format, or sets the
269          system date</para>
270          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils date">
271            <primary sortas="b-date">date</primary>
272          </indexterm>
273        </listitem>
274      </varlistentry>
275
276      <varlistentry id="dd">
277        <term><command>dd</command> </term>
278        <listitem>
279          <para>Copies a file using the given block size and count, while
280          optionally performing conversions on it</para>
281          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils dd">
282            <primary sortas="b-dd">dd</primary>
283          </indexterm>
284        </listitem>
285      </varlistentry>
286
287      <varlistentry id="df">
288        <term><command>df</command></term>
289        <listitem>
290          <para>Reports the amount of disk space available (and used) on all
291          mounted file systems, or only on the file systems holding the selected
292          files</para>
293          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils df">
294            <primary sortas="b-df">df</primary>
295          </indexterm>
296        </listitem>
297      </varlistentry>
298
299      <varlistentry id="dir">
300        <term><command>dir</command></term>
301        <listitem>
302          <para>Lists the contents of each given directory (the same as
303          the <command>ls</command> command)</para>
304          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils dir">
305            <primary sortas="b-dir">dir</primary>
306          </indexterm>
307        </listitem>
308      </varlistentry>
309
310      <varlistentry id="dircolors">
311        <term><command>dircolors</command></term>
312        <listitem>
313          <para>Outputs commands to set the <envar>LS_COLOR</envar>
314          environment variable to change the color scheme used by
315          <command>ls</command></para>
316          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils dircolors">
317            <primary sortas="b-dircolors">dircolors</primary>
318          </indexterm>
319        </listitem>
320      </varlistentry>
321
322      <varlistentry id="dirname">
323        <term><command>dirname</command></term>
324        <listitem>
325          <para>Strips the non-directory suffix from a file name</para>
326          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils dirname">
327            <primary sortas="b-dirname">dirname</primary>
328          </indexterm>
329        </listitem>
330      </varlistentry>
331
332      <varlistentry id="du">
333        <term><command>du</command></term>
334        <listitem>
335          <para>Reports the amount of disk space used by the current directory,
336          by each of the given directories (including all subdirectories) or by
337          each of the given files</para>
338          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils du">
339            <primary sortas="b-du">du</primary>
340          </indexterm>
341        </listitem>
342      </varlistentry>
343
344      <varlistentry id="echo">
345        <term><command>echo</command></term>
346        <listitem>
347          <para>Displays the given strings</para>
348          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils echo">
349            <primary sortas="b-echo">echo</primary>
350          </indexterm>
351        </listitem>
352      </varlistentry>
353
354      <varlistentry id="env">
355        <term><command>env</command></term>
356        <listitem>
357          <para>Runs a command in a modified environment</para>
358          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils env">
359            <primary sortas="b-env">env</primary>
360          </indexterm>
361        </listitem>
362      </varlistentry>
363
364      <varlistentry id="expand">
365        <term><command>expand</command></term>
366        <listitem>
367          <para>Converts tabs to spaces</para>
368          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils expand">
369            <primary sortas="b-expand">expand</primary>
370          </indexterm>
371        </listitem>
372      </varlistentry>
373
374      <varlistentry id="expr">
375        <term><command>expr</command></term>
376        <listitem>
377          <para>Evaluates expressions</para>
378          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils expr">
379            <primary sortas="b-expr">expr</primary>
380          </indexterm>
381        </listitem>
382      </varlistentry>
383
384      <varlistentry id="factor">
385        <term><command>factor</command></term>
386        <listitem>
387          <para>Prints the prime factors of all specified integer numbers</para>
388          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils factor">
389            <primary sortas="b-factor">factor</primary>
390          </indexterm>
391        </listitem>
392      </varlistentry>
393
394      <varlistentry id="false">
395        <term><command>false</command></term>
396        <listitem>
397          <para>Does nothing, unsuccessfully; it always exits with a status code
398          indicating failure</para>
399          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils false">
400            <primary sortas="b-false">false</primary>
401          </indexterm>
402        </listitem>
403      </varlistentry>
404
405      <varlistentry id="fmt">
406        <term><command>fmt</command></term>
407        <listitem>
408          <para>Reformats the paragraphs in the given files</para>
409          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils fmt">
410            <primary sortas="b-fmt">fmt</primary>
411          </indexterm>
412        </listitem>
413      </varlistentry>
414
415      <varlistentry id="fold">
416        <term><command>fold</command></term>
417        <listitem>
418          <para>Wraps the lines in the given files</para>
419          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils fold">
420            <primary sortas="b-fold">fold</primary>
421          </indexterm>
422        </listitem>
423      </varlistentry>
424
425      <varlistentry id="groups">
426        <term><command>groups</command></term>
427        <listitem>
428          <para>Reports a user's group memberships</para>
429          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils groups">
430            <primary sortas="b-groups">groups</primary>
431          </indexterm>
432        </listitem>
433      </varlistentry>
434
435      <varlistentry id="head">
436        <term><command>head</command></term>
437        <listitem>
438          <para>Prints the first ten lines (or the given number of lines)
439          of each given file</para>
440          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils head">
441            <primary sortas="b-head">head</primary>
442          </indexterm>
443        </listitem>
444      </varlistentry>
445
446      <varlistentry id="hostid">
447        <term><command>hostid</command></term>
448        <listitem>
449          <para>Reports the numeric identifier (in hexadecimal) of the host</para>
450          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils hostid">
451            <primary sortas="b-hostid">hostid</primary>
452          </indexterm>
453        </listitem>
454      </varlistentry>
455
456      <varlistentry id="hostname">
457        <term><command>hostname</command></term>
458        <listitem>
459          <para>Reports or sets the name of the host</para>
460          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils hostname">
461            <primary sortas="b-hostname">hostname</primary>
462          </indexterm>
463        </listitem>
464      </varlistentry>
465
466      <varlistentry id="id">
467        <term><command>id</command></term>
468        <listitem>
469          <para>Reports the effective user ID, group ID, and group memberships
470          of the current user or specified user</para>
471          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils id">
472            <primary sortas="b-id">id</primary>
473          </indexterm>
474        </listitem>
475      </varlistentry>
476
477      <varlistentry id="install">
478        <term><command>install</command> </term>
479        <listitem>
480          <para>Copies files while setting their permission modes and, if
481          possible, their owner and group</para>
482          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils install">
483            <primary sortas="b-install">install</primary>
484          </indexterm>
485        </listitem>
486      </varlistentry>
487
488      <varlistentry id="join">
489        <term><command>join</command></term>
490        <listitem>
491          <para>Joins the lines that have identical join fields from two
492          separate files</para>
493          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils join">
494            <primary sortas="b-join">join</primary>
495          </indexterm>
496        </listitem>
497      </varlistentry>
498
499      <varlistentry id="link">
500        <term><command>link</command></term>
501        <listitem>
502          <para>Creates a hard link with the given name to a file</para>
503          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils link">
504            <primary sortas="b-link">link</primary>
505          </indexterm>
506        </listitem>
507      </varlistentry>
508
509      <varlistentry id="ln">
510        <term><command>ln</command></term>
511        <listitem>
512          <para>Makes hard links or soft (symbolic) links between files</para>
513          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils ln">
514            <primary sortas="b-ln">ln</primary>
515          </indexterm>
516        </listitem>
517      </varlistentry>
518
519      <varlistentry id="logname">
520        <term><command>logname</command></term>
521        <listitem>
522          <para>Reports the current user's login name</para>
523          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils logname">
524            <primary sortas="b-logname">logname</primary>
525          </indexterm>
526        </listitem>
527      </varlistentry>
528
529      <varlistentry id="ls">
530        <term><command>ls</command></term>
531        <listitem>
532          <para>Lists the contents of each given directory</para>
533          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils ls">
534            <primary sortas="b-ls">ls</primary>
535          </indexterm>
536        </listitem>
537      </varlistentry>
538
539      <varlistentry id="md5sum">
540        <term><command>md5sum</command></term>
541        <listitem>
542          <para>Reports or checks Message Digest 5 (MD5) checksums</para>
543          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils md5sum">
544            <primary sortas="b-md5sum">md5sum</primary>
545          </indexterm>
546        </listitem>
547      </varlistentry>
548
549      <varlistentry id="mkdir">
550        <term><command>mkdir</command></term>
551        <listitem>
552          <para>Creates directories with the given names</para>
553          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils mkdir">
554            <primary sortas="b-mkdir">mkdir</primary>
555          </indexterm>
556        </listitem>
557      </varlistentry>
558
559      <varlistentry id="mkfifo">
560        <term><command>mkfifo</command></term>
561        <listitem>
562          <para>Creates First-In, First-Outs (FIFOs), a <quote>named
563          pipe</quote> in UNIX parlance, with the given names</para>
564          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils mkfifo">
565            <primary sortas="b-mkfifo">mkfifo</primary>
566          </indexterm>
567        </listitem>
568      </varlistentry>
569
570      <varlistentry id="mknod">
571        <term><command>mknod</command></term>
572        <listitem>
573          <para>Creates device nodes with the given names; a device node is a
574          character special file, a block special file, or a FIFO</para>
575          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils mknod">
576            <primary sortas="b-mknod">mknod</primary>
577          </indexterm>
578        </listitem>
579      </varlistentry>
580
581      <varlistentry id="mktemp">
582        <term><command>mktemp</command></term>
583        <listitem>
584          <para>Creates temporary files in a secure manner; it is used in
585          scripts</para>
586          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils mktemp">
587            <primary sortas="b-mktemp">mktemp</primary>
588          </indexterm>
589        </listitem>
590      </varlistentry>
591
592      <varlistentry id="mv">
593        <term><command>mv</command></term>
594        <listitem>
595          <para>Moves or renames files or directories</para>
596          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils mv">
597            <primary sortas="b-mv">mv</primary>
598          </indexterm>
599        </listitem>
600      </varlistentry>
601
602      <varlistentry id="nice">
603        <term><command>nice</command></term>
604        <listitem>
605          <para>Runs a program with modified scheduling priority</para>
606          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils nice">
607            <primary sortas="b-nice">nice</primary>
608          </indexterm>
609        </listitem>
610      </varlistentry>
611
612      <varlistentry id="nl">
613        <term><command>nl</command></term>
614        <listitem>
615          <para>Numbers the lines from the given files</para>
616          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils nl">
617            <primary sortas="b-nl">nl</primary>
618          </indexterm>
619        </listitem>
620      </varlistentry>
621
622      <varlistentry id="nohup">
623        <term><command>nohup</command></term>
624        <listitem>
625          <para>Runs a command immune to hangups, with its output redirected to
626          a log file</para>
627          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils nohup">
628            <primary sortas="b-nohup">nohup</primary>
629          </indexterm>
630        </listitem>
631      </varlistentry>
632
633      <varlistentry id="od">
634        <term><command>od</command></term>
635        <listitem>
636          <para>Dumps files in octal and other formats</para>
637          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils od">
638            <primary sortas="b-od">od</primary>
639          </indexterm>
640        </listitem>
641      </varlistentry>
642
643      <varlistentry id="paste">
644        <term><command>paste</command></term>
645        <listitem>
646          <para>Merges the given files, joining sequentially corresponding lines
647          side by side, separated by tab characters</para>
648          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils paste">
649            <primary sortas="b-paste">paste</primary>
650          </indexterm>
651        </listitem>
652      </varlistentry>
653
654      <varlistentry id="pathchk">
655        <term><command>pathchk</command></term>
656        <listitem>
657          <para>Checks if file names are valid or portable</para>
658          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils pathchk">
659            <primary sortas="b-pathchk">pathchk</primary>
660          </indexterm>
661        </listitem>
662      </varlistentry>
663
664      <varlistentry id="pinky">
665        <term><command>pinky</command></term>
666        <listitem>
667          <para>Is a lightweight finger client; it reports some information
668          about the given users</para>
669          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils pinky">
670            <primary sortas="b-pinky">pinky</primary>
671          </indexterm>
672        </listitem>
673      </varlistentry>
674
675      <varlistentry id="pr">
676        <term><command>pr</command></term>
677        <listitem>
678          <para>Paginates and columnates files for printing</para>
679          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils pr">
680            <primary sortas="b-pr">pr</primary>
681          </indexterm>
682        </listitem>
683      </varlistentry>
684
685      <varlistentry id="printenv">
686        <term><command>printenv</command></term>
687        <listitem>
688          <para>Prints the environment</para>
689          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils printenv">
690            <primary sortas="b-printenv">printenv</primary>
691          </indexterm>
692        </listitem>
693      </varlistentry>
694
695      <varlistentry id="printf">
696        <term><command>printf</command></term>
697        <listitem>
698          <para>Prints the given arguments according to the given format, much
699          like the C printf function</para>
700          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils printf">
701            <primary sortas="b-printf">printf</primary>
702          </indexterm>
703        </listitem>
704      </varlistentry>
705
706      <varlistentry id="ptx">
707        <term><command>ptx</command></term>
708        <listitem>
709          <para>Produces a permuted index from the contents of the given files,
710          with each keyword in its context</para>
711          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils ptx">
712            <primary sortas="b-ptx">ptx</primary>
713          </indexterm>
714        </listitem>
715      </varlistentry>
716
717      <varlistentry id="pwd">
718        <term><command>pwd</command></term>
719        <listitem>
720          <para>Reports the name of the current working directory</para>
721          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils pwd">
722            <primary sortas="b-pwd">pwd</primary>
723          </indexterm>
724        </listitem>
725      </varlistentry>
726
727      <varlistentry id="readlink">
728        <term><command>readlink</command></term>
729        <listitem>
730          <para>Reports the value of the given symbolic link</para>
731          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils readlink">
732            <primary sortas="b-readlink">readlink</primary>
733          </indexterm>
734        </listitem>
735      </varlistentry>
736
737      <varlistentry id="rm">
738        <term><command>rm</command></term>
739        <listitem>
740          <para>Removes files or directories</para>
741          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils rm">
742            <primary sortas="b-rm">rm</primary>
743          </indexterm>
744        </listitem>
745      </varlistentry>
746
747      <varlistentry id="rmdir">
748        <term><command>rmdir</command></term>
749        <listitem>
750          <para>Removes directories if they are empty</para>
751          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils rmdir">
752            <primary sortas="b-rmdir">rmdir</primary>
753          </indexterm>
754        </listitem>
755      </varlistentry>
756
757      <varlistentry id="runcon">
758        <term><command>runcon</command></term>
759        <listitem>
760          <para>Runs a command with specified security context</para>
761          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils runcon">
762            <primary sortas="b-runcon">runcon</primary>
763          </indexterm>
764        </listitem>
765      </varlistentry>
766
767      <varlistentry id="seq">
768        <term><command>seq</command></term>
769        <listitem>
770          <para>Prints a sequence of numbers within a given range and with a
771          given increment</para>
772          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils seq">
773            <primary sortas="b-seq">seq</primary>
774          </indexterm>
775        </listitem>
776      </varlistentry>
777
778      <varlistentry id="sha1sum">
779        <term><command>sha1sum</command></term>
780        <listitem>
781          <para>Prints or checks 160-bit Secure Hash Algorithm 1 (SHA1)
782          checksums</para>
783          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sha1sum">
784            <primary sortas="b-sha1sum">sha1sum</primary>
785          </indexterm>
786        </listitem>
787      </varlistentry>
788
789      <varlistentry id="sha224sum">
790        <term><command>sha224sum</command></term>
791        <listitem>
792          <para>Prints or checks SHA224 checksums</para>
793          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sha224sum">
794            <primary sortas="b-sha224sum">sha224sum</primary>
795          </indexterm>
796        </listitem>
797      </varlistentry>
798
799      <varlistentry id="sha256sum">
800        <term><command>sha256sum</command></term>
801        <listitem>
802          <para>Prints or checks SHA256 checksums</para>
803          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sha256sum">
804            <primary sortas="b-sha256sum">sha256sum</primary>
805          </indexterm>
806        </listitem>
807      </varlistentry>
808
809      <varlistentry id="sha384sum">
810        <term><command>sha384sum</command></term>
811        <listitem>
812          <para>Prints or checks SHA384 checksums</para>
813          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sha384sum">
814            <primary sortas="b-sha384sum">sha384sum</primary>
815          </indexterm>
816        </listitem>
817      </varlistentry>
818
819      <varlistentry id="sha512sum">
820        <term><command>sha512sum</command></term>
821        <listitem>
822          <para>Prints or checks SHA512 checksums</para>
823          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sha512sum">
824            <primary sortas="b-sha512sum">sha512sum</primary>
825          </indexterm>
826        </listitem>
827      </varlistentry>
828
829      <varlistentry id="shred">
830        <term><command>shred</command></term>
831        <listitem>
832          <para>Overwrites the given files repeatedly with complex patterns,
833          making it difficult to recover the data</para>
834          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils shred">
835            <primary sortas="b-shred">shred</primary>
836          </indexterm>
837        </listitem>
838      </varlistentry>
839
840      <varlistentry id="shuf">
841        <term><command>shuf</command></term>
842        <listitem>
843          <para>Write a random permutation of the input lines to standard output or a file</para>
844          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils shuf">
845            <primary sortas="b-shuf">shuf</primary>
846          </indexterm>
847        </listitem>
848      </varlistentry>
849
850      <varlistentry id="sleep">
851        <term><command>sleep</command></term>
852        <listitem>
853          <para>Pauses for the given amount of time</para>
854          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sleep">
855            <primary sortas="b-sleep">sleep</primary>
856          </indexterm>
857        </listitem>
858      </varlistentry>
859
860      <varlistentry id="sort">
861        <term><command>sort</command></term>
862        <listitem>
863          <para>Sorts the lines from the given files</para>
864          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sort">
865            <primary sortas="b-sort">sort</primary>
866          </indexterm>
867        </listitem>
868      </varlistentry>
869
870      <varlistentry id="split">
871        <term><command>split</command></term>
872        <listitem>
873          <para>Splits the given file into pieces, by size or by number of
874          lines</para>
875          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils split">
876            <primary sortas="b-split">split</primary>
877          </indexterm>
878        </listitem>
879      </varlistentry>
880
881      <varlistentry id="stat">
882        <term><command>stat</command></term>
883        <listitem>
884          <para>Displays file or filesystem status</para>
885          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils stat">
886            <primary sortas="b-stat">stat</primary>
887          </indexterm>
888        </listitem>
889      </varlistentry>
890
891      <varlistentry id="stty">
892        <term><command>stty</command></term>
893        <listitem>
894          <para>Sets or reports terminal line settings</para>
895          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils stty">
896            <primary sortas="b-stty">stty</primary>
897          </indexterm>
898        </listitem>
899      </varlistentry>
900
901      <varlistentry id="sum">
902        <term><command>sum</command></term>
903        <listitem>
904          <para>Prints checksum and block counts for each given file</para>
905          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sum">
906            <primary sortas="b-sum">sum</primary>
907          </indexterm>
908        </listitem>
909      </varlistentry>
910
911      <varlistentry id="sync">
912        <term><command>sync</command></term>
913        <listitem>
914          <para>Flushes file system buffers; it forces changed blocks to disk
915          and updates the super block</para>
916          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sync">
917            <primary sortas="b-sync">sync</primary>
918          </indexterm>
919        </listitem>
920      </varlistentry>
921
922      <varlistentry id="tac">
923        <term><command>tac</command></term>
924        <listitem>
925          <para>Concatenates the given files in reverse</para>
926          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tac">
927            <primary sortas="b-tac">tac</primary>
928          </indexterm>
929        </listitem>
930      </varlistentry>
931
932      <varlistentry id="tail">
933        <term><command>tail</command></term>
934        <listitem>
935          <para>Prints the last ten lines (or the given number of lines) of each
936          given file</para>
937          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tail">
938            <primary sortas="b-tail">tail</primary>
939          </indexterm>
940        </listitem>
941      </varlistentry>
942
943      <varlistentry id="tee">
944        <term><command>tee</command></term>
945        <listitem>
946          <para>Reads from standard input while writing both to standard output
947          and to the given files</para>
948          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tee">
949            <primary sortas="b-tee">tee</primary>
950          </indexterm>
951        </listitem>
952      </varlistentry>
953
954      <varlistentry id="test">
955        <term><command>test</command> or <command>[</command></term>
956        <listitem>
957          <para>Compares values and checks file types</para>
958          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils test">
959            <primary sortas="b-test">test</primary>
960          </indexterm>
961        </listitem>
962      </varlistentry>
963
964      <varlistentry id="timeout">
965        <term><command>timeout</command></term>
966        <listitem>
967          <para>Runs a command with a time limit</para>
968          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils timeout">
969            <primary sortas="b-timeout">timeout</primary>
970          </indexterm>
971        </listitem>
972      </varlistentry>
973
974      <varlistentry id="touch">
975        <term><command>touch</command></term>
976        <listitem>
977          <para>Changes file timestamps, setting the access and modification
978          times of the given files to the current time; files that do not exist
979          are created with zero length</para>
980          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils touch">
981            <primary sortas="b-touch">touch</primary>
982          </indexterm>
983        </listitem>
984      </varlistentry>
985
986      <varlistentry id="tr">
987        <term><command>tr</command></term>
988        <listitem>
989          <para>Translates, squeezes, and deletes the given characters from
990          standard input</para>
991          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tr">
992            <primary sortas="b-tr">tr</primary>
993          </indexterm>
994        </listitem>
995      </varlistentry>
996
997      <varlistentry id="true">
998        <term><command>true</command></term>
999        <listitem>
1000          <para>Does nothing, successfully; it always exits with a status code
1001          indicating success</para>
1002          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils true">
1003            <primary sortas="b-true">true</primary>
1004          </indexterm>
1005        </listitem>
1006      </varlistentry>
1007
1008      <varlistentry id="truncate">
1009        <term><command>truncate</command></term>
1010        <listitem>
1011          <para>Shrinks or expands a file to the specified size</para>
1012          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils truncate">
1013            <primary sortas="b-truncate">truncate</primary>
1014          </indexterm>
1015        </listitem>
1016      </varlistentry>
1017
1018      <varlistentry id="tsort">
1019        <term><command>tsort</command></term>
1020        <listitem>
1021          <para>Performs a topological sort; it writes a completely ordered list
1022          according to the partial ordering in a given file</para>
1023          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tsort">
1024            <primary sortas="b-tsort">tsort</primary>
1025          </indexterm>
1026        </listitem>
1027      </varlistentry>
1028
1029      <varlistentry id="tty">
1030        <term><command>tty</command></term>
1031        <listitem>
1032          <para>Reports the file name of the terminal connected to standard
1033          input</para>
1034          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tty">
1035            <primary sortas="b-tty">tty</primary>
1036          </indexterm>
1037        </listitem>
1038      </varlistentry>
1039
1040      <varlistentry id="uname">
1041        <term><command>uname</command></term>
1042        <listitem>
1043          <para>Reports system information</para>
1044          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils uname">
1045            <primary sortas="b-uname">uname</primary>
1046          </indexterm>
1047        </listitem>
1048      </varlistentry>
1049
1050      <varlistentry id="unexpand">
1051        <term><command>unexpand</command></term>
1052        <listitem>
1053          <para>Converts spaces to tabs</para>
1054          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils unexpand">
1055            <primary sortas="b-unexpand">unexpand</primary>
1056          </indexterm>
1057        </listitem>
1058      </varlistentry>
1059
1060      <varlistentry id="uniq">
1061        <term><command>uniq</command></term>
1062        <listitem>
1063          <para>Discards all but one of successive identical lines</para>
1064          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils uniq">
1065            <primary sortas="b-uniq">uniq</primary>
1066          </indexterm>
1067        </listitem>
1068      </varlistentry>
1069
1070      <varlistentry id="unlink">
1071        <term><command>unlink</command></term>
1072        <listitem>
1073          <para>Removes the given file</para>
1074          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils unlink">
1075            <primary sortas="b-unlink">unlink</primary>
1076          </indexterm>
1077        </listitem>
1078      </varlistentry>
1079
1080      <varlistentry id="users">
1081        <term><command>users</command></term>
1082        <listitem>
1083          <para>Reports the names of the users currently logged on</para>
1084          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils users">
1085            <primary sortas="b-users">users</primary>
1086          </indexterm>
1087        </listitem>
1088      </varlistentry>
1089
1090      <varlistentry id="vdir">
1091        <term><command>vdir</command></term>
1092        <listitem>
1093          <para>Is the same as <command>ls -l</command></para>
1094          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils vdir">
1095            <primary sortas="b-vdir">vdir</primary>
1096          </indexterm>
1097        </listitem>
1098      </varlistentry>
1099
1100      <varlistentry id="wc">
1101        <term><command>wc</command></term>
1102        <listitem>
1103          <para>Reports the number of lines, words, and bytes for each given
1104          file, as well as a total line when more than one file is given</para>
1105          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils wc">
1106            <primary sortas="b-wc">wc</primary>
1107          </indexterm>
1108        </listitem>
1109      </varlistentry>
1110
1111      <varlistentry id="who">
1112        <term><command>who</command></term>
1113        <listitem>
1114          <para>Reports who is logged on</para>
1115          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils who">
1116            <primary sortas="b-who">who</primary>
1117          </indexterm>
1118        </listitem>
1119      </varlistentry>
1120
1121      <varlistentry id="whoami">
1122        <term><command>whoami</command></term>
1123        <listitem>
1124          <para>Reports the user name associated with the current effective
1125          user ID</para>
1126          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils whoami">
1127            <primary sortas="b-whoami">whoami</primary>
1128          </indexterm>
1129        </listitem>
1130      </varlistentry>
1131
1132      <varlistentry id="yes">
1133        <term><command>yes</command></term>
1134        <listitem>
1135          <para>Repeatedly outputs <quote>y</quote> or a given string until
1136          killed</para>
1137          <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils yes">
1138            <primary sortas="b-yes">yes</primary>
1139          </indexterm>
1140        </listitem>
1141      </varlistentry>
1142
1143    </variablelist>
1144
1145  </sect2>
1146
1147</sect1>
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