source: clfs-embedded/BOOK/final-system/common/creatingdirs.xml @ ed5e88d

Last change on this file since ed5e88d was ed5e88d, checked in by Andrew Bradford <andrew@…>, 10 years ago

Move creatingdirs to final-system

We don't want to make any final system file system configuration until
after the entire toolchain is built. This will allow for building a
stand alone toolchain that could be used for other purposes and where
the target file system can be created anywhere.

  • Property mode set to 100644
File size: 3.3 KB
Line 
1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3  "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4  <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
5  %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-final-system-creatingdirs">
9  <?dbhtml filename="creatingdirs.html"?>
10
11  <title>Creating Directories</title>
12
13  <para>It is time to create some structure in the CLFS file system. Create a
14  standard directory tree by issuing the following commands:</para>
15
16<screen><userinput>mkdir -pv ${CLFS}/{bin,boot,dev,{etc/,}opt,home,lib/{firmware,modules},mnt}
17mkdir -pv ${CLFS}/{proc,media/{floppy,cdrom},sbin,srv,sys}
18mkdir -pv ${CLFS}/var/{lock,log,mail,run,spool}
19mkdir -pv ${CLFS}/var/{opt,cache,lib/{misc,locate},local}
20install -dv -m 0750 ${CLFS}/root
21install -dv -m 1777 ${CLFS}{/var,}/tmp
22mkdir -pv ${CLFS}/usr/{,local/}{bin,include,lib,sbin,src}
23mkdir -pv ${CLFS}/usr/{,local/}share/{doc,info,locale,man}
24mkdir -pv ${CLFS}/usr/{,local/}share/{misc,terminfo,zoneinfo}
25mkdir -pv ${CLFS}/usr/{,local/}share/man/man{1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8}
26for dir in ${CLFS}/usr{,/local}; do
27  ln -sv share/{man,doc,info} ${dir}
28done</userinput></screen>
29
30  <para>Directories are, by default, created with permission mode 755, but
31  this is not desirable for all directories. In the commands above, two
32  changes are made&mdash;one to the home directory of user <systemitem
33  class="username">root</systemitem>, and another to the directories for
34  temporary files.</para>
35
36  <para>The first mode change ensures that not just anybody can enter
37  the <filename class="directory">/root</filename> directory&mdash;the
38  same as a normal user would do with his or her home directory. The
39  second mode change makes sure that any user can write to the
40  <filename class="directory">/tmp</filename> and <filename
41  class="directory">/var/tmp</filename> directories, but cannot remove
42  another user's files from them. The latter is prohibited by the so-called
43  <quote>sticky bit,</quote> the highest bit (1) in the 1777 bit mask.</para>
44
45  <sect2>
46    <title>FHS Compliance Note</title>
47
48    <para>The directory tree is based on the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS)
49    (available at <ulink url="http://www.pathname.com/fhs/"/>). In addition to
50    the FHS, we create compatibility symlinks for the <filename
51    class="directory">man</filename>, <filename
52    class="directory">doc</filename>, and <filename
53    class="directory">info</filename> directories since many packages still try
54    to install their documentation into <filename
55    class="directory">/usr/&lt;directory&gt;</filename> or <filename
56    class="directory">/usr/local/&lt;directory&gt;</filename> as opposed to
57    <filename class="directory">/usr/share/&lt;directory&gt;</filename> or
58    <filename class="directory">/usr/local/share/&lt;directory&gt;</filename>.
59    The FHS also stipulates the existence of <filename
60    class="directory">/usr/local/games</filename> and <filename
61    class="directory">/usr/share/games</filename>. The FHS is not precise as to
62    the structure of the <filename class="directory">/usr/local/share</filename>
63    subdirectory, so we create only the directories that are needed. However,
64    feel free to create these directories if you prefer to conform more strictly
65    to the FHS.</para>
66
67  </sect2>
68
69</sect1>
Note: See TracBrowser for help on using the repository browser.