source: clfs-embedded/BOOK/cross-tools/common/binutils.xml @ 0194a60

Last change on this file since 0194a60 was 0194a60, checked in by Joe Ciccone <jciccone@…>, 15 years ago

Updated Binutils to 2.19.
Updated GCC to 4.3.2.
Dropped the uClibc Headers Page.
  • Property mode set to 100644
File size: 12.0 KB
Line 
1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3  "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4  <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
5  %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-cross-tools-binutils" role="wrap">
9  <?dbhtml filename="binutils.html"?>
10
11  <title>Cross Binutils-&binutils-version;</title>
12
13  <indexterm zone="ch-cross-tools-binutils">
14    <primary sortas="a-Binutils">Binutils</primary>
15    <secondary>cross tools</secondary>
16  </indexterm>
17
18  <sect2 role="package">
19    <title/>
20
21    <para>The Binutils package contains a linker, an assembler, and other
22    tools for handling object files.</para>
23
24  </sect2>
25
26  <sect2 role="installation">
27    <title>Installation of Cross Binutils</title>
28
29    <para os="a">It is important that Binutils be the first package compiled
30    because both uClibc and GCC perform various tests on the available
31    linker and assembler to determine which of their own features to
32    enable.</para>
33
34    <para os="p1">To make sure that the proper syntax is used for a couple of
35    tools, apply the following patch:</para>
36
37<screen os="p2"><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&binutils-posix-patch;</userinput></screen>
38
39    <para os="b">The Binutils documentation recommends building Binutils outside of the
40    source directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
41
42<screen os="c"><userinput>mkdir -v ../binutils-build
43cd ../binutils-build</userinput></screen>
44
45    <para os="d">Prepare Binutils for compilation:</para>
46
47<screen os="e"><userinput>../binutils-&binutils-version;/configure --prefix=${CLFS}/cross-tools \
48   --target=${CLFS_TARGET} --with-sysroot=${CLFS} --disable-nls \
49   --enable-shared --disable-multilib</userinput></screen>
50
51    <variablelist os="f">
52      <title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
53
54      <varlistentry os="f1">
55        <term><parameter>--prefix=${CLFS}/cross-tools</parameter></term>
56        <listitem>
57          <para>This tells the configure script to prepare to install the
58          package in the <filename class="directory">${CLFS}/cross-tools</filename>
59          directory.</para>
60        </listitem>
61      </varlistentry>
62
63      <varlistentry os="f3">
64        <term><parameter>--target=${CLFS_TARGET}</parameter></term>
65        <listitem>
66          <para>When used with --host, this creates a cross-architecture
67          executable that creates files for ${CLFS_TARGET} but runs on
68          the host system.</para>
69        </listitem>
70      </varlistentry>
71
72      <varlistentry os="f4">
73        <term><parameter>--with-sysroot=${CLFS}</parameter></term>
74        <listitem>
75          <para>This tells configure that ${CLFS} is going to be the root
76          of our system. It will now use the specified sysroot, ${CLFS}, as
77          a prefix of the default search paths.</para>
78        </listitem>
79      </varlistentry>
80
81      <varlistentry os="f5">
82        <term><parameter>--disable-nls</parameter></term>
83        <listitem>
84          <para>This disables internationalization as i18n is not needed for the
85          cross-compile tools.</para>
86        </listitem>
87      </varlistentry>
88
89      <varlistentry os="f6">
90        <term><parameter>--enable-shared</parameter></term>
91        <listitem>
92          <para>Enable the creation of the shared libraries.</para>
93        </listitem>
94      </varlistentry>
95
96      <varlistentry os="f7">
97        <term><parameter>--disable-multilib</parameter></term>
98        <listitem>
99          <para>This option disables the building of a multilib
100          capable binutils.</para>
101        </listitem>
102      </varlistentry>
103
104    </variablelist>
105
106    <para os="g">Compile the package:</para>
107
108<screen os="h"><userinput>make configure-host
109make</userinput></screen>
110
111    <variablelist os="i">
112      <title>The meaning of the make options:</title>
113
114      <varlistentry os="i1">
115        <term><parameter>configure-host</parameter></term>
116        <listitem>
117          <para>This checks the host environment and makes sure all the
118          necessary tools are available to compile Binutils.</para>
119        </listitem>
120      </varlistentry>
121
122    </variablelist>
123
124    <para os="j">Install the package:</para>
125
126<screen os="k"><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
127
128    <para os="l">Copy the <filename class="headerfile">libiberty.h</filename> file to
129    <filename class="directory">${CLFS}/usr/include</filename> directory:</para>
130
131<screen os="m"><userinput>cp -v ../binutils-&binutils-version;/include/libiberty.h ${CLFS}/usr/include</userinput></screen>
132
133  </sect2>
134
135  <sect2 id="contents-binutils" role="content">
136    <title>Contents of Binutils</title>
137
138    <segmentedlist>
139      <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
140      <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
141
142      <seglistitem>
143        <seg>addr2line, ar, as, c++filt, gprof, ld, nm, objcopy, objdump,
144        ranlib, readelf, size, strings, and strip</seg>
145        <seg>libiberty.a, libbfd.[a,so], and libopcodes.[a,so]</seg>
146      </seglistitem>
147    </segmentedlist>
148
149    <variablelist>
150      <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
151      <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
152      <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
153
154      <varlistentry id="addr2line">
155        <term><command>addr2line</command></term>
156        <listitem>
157          <para>Translates program addresses to file names and line numbers;
158          given an address and the name of an executable, it uses the debugging
159          information in the executable to determine which source file and line
160          number are associated with the address</para>
161          <indexterm zone="ch-cross-tools-binutils addr2line">
162            <primary sortas="b-addr2line">addr2line</primary>
163          </indexterm>
164        </listitem>
165      </varlistentry>
166
167      <varlistentry id="ar">
168        <term><command>ar</command></term>
169        <listitem>
170          <para>Creates, modifies, and extracts from archives</para>
171          <indexterm zone="ch-cross-tools-binutils ar">
172            <primary sortas="b-ar">ar</primary>
173          </indexterm>
174        </listitem>
175      </varlistentry>
176
177      <varlistentry id="as">
178        <term><command>as</command></term>
179        <listitem>
180          <para>An assembler that assembles the output of <command>gcc</command>
181          into object files</para>
182          <indexterm zone="ch-cross-tools-binutils as">
183            <primary sortas="b-as">as</primary>
184          </indexterm>
185        </listitem>
186      </varlistentry>
187
188      <varlistentry id="c-filt">
189        <term><command>c++filt</command></term>
190        <listitem>
191          <para>Used by the linker to de-mangle C++ and Java symbols and to keep
192          overloaded functions from clashing</para>
193          <indexterm zone="ch-cross-tools-binutils c-filt">
194            <primary sortas="b-c++filt">c++filt</primary>
195          </indexterm>
196        </listitem>
197      </varlistentry>
198
199      <varlistentry id="gprof">
200        <term><command>gprof</command></term>
201        <listitem>
202          <para>Displays call graph profile data</para>
203          <indexterm zone="ch-cross-tools-binutils gprof">
204            <primary sortas="b-gprof">gprof</primary>
205          </indexterm>
206        </listitem>
207      </varlistentry>
208
209      <varlistentry id="ld">
210        <term><command>ld</command></term>
211        <listitem>
212          <para>A linker that combines a number of object and archive files
213          into a single file, relocating their data and tying up symbol
214          references</para>
215          <indexterm zone="ch-cross-tools-binutils ld">
216            <primary sortas="b-ld">ld</primary>
217          </indexterm>
218        </listitem>
219      </varlistentry>
220
221      <varlistentry id="nm">
222        <term><command>nm</command></term>
223        <listitem>
224          <para>Lists the symbols occurring in a given object file</para>
225          <indexterm zone="ch-cross-tools-binutils nm">
226            <primary sortas="b-nm">nm</primary>
227          </indexterm>
228        </listitem>
229      </varlistentry>
230
231      <varlistentry id="objdump">
232        <term><command>objdump</command></term>
233        <listitem>
234          <para>Displays information about the given object file, with options
235          controlling the particular information to display; the information
236          shown is useful to programmers who are working on the compilation
237          tools</para>
238          <indexterm zone="ch-cross-tools-binutils objdump">
239            <primary sortas="b-objdump">objdump</primary>
240          </indexterm>
241        </listitem>
242      </varlistentry>
243
244      <varlistentry id="ranlib">
245        <term><command>ranlib</command></term>
246        <listitem>
247          <para>Generates an index of the contents of an archive and stores it
248          in the archive; the index lists all of the symbols defined by archive
249          members that are relocatable object files</para>
250          <indexterm zone="ch-cross-tools-binutils ranlib">
251            <primary sortas="b-ranlib">ranlib</primary>
252          </indexterm>
253        </listitem>
254      </varlistentry>
255
256      <varlistentry id="readelf">
257        <term><command>readelf</command></term>
258        <listitem>
259          <para>Displays information about ELF type binaries</para>
260          <indexterm zone="ch-cross-tools-binutils readelf">
261            <primary sortas="b-readelf">readelf</primary>
262          </indexterm>
263        </listitem>
264      </varlistentry>
265
266      <varlistentry id="size">
267        <term><command>size</command></term>
268        <listitem>
269          <para>Lists the section sizes and the total size for the given
270          object files</para>
271          <indexterm zone="ch-cross-tools-binutils size">
272            <primary sortas="b-size">size</primary>
273          </indexterm>
274        </listitem>
275      </varlistentry>
276
277      <varlistentry id="strings">
278        <term><command>strings</command></term>
279        <listitem>
280          <para>Outputs, for each given file, the sequences of printable
281          characters that are of at least the specified length (defaulting to
282          four); for object files, it prints, by default, only the strings from
283          the initializing and loading sections while for other types of files,
284          it scans the entire file</para>
285          <indexterm zone="ch-cross-tools-binutils strings">
286            <primary sortas="b-strings">strings</primary>
287          </indexterm>
288        </listitem>
289      </varlistentry>
290
291      <varlistentry id="strip">
292        <term><command>strip</command></term>
293        <listitem>
294          <para>Discards symbols from object files</para>
295          <indexterm zone="ch-cross-tools-binutils strip">
296            <primary sortas="b-strip">strip</primary>
297          </indexterm>
298        </listitem>
299      </varlistentry>
300
301      <varlistentry id="libiberty">
302        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libiberty</filename></term>
303        <listitem>
304          <para>Contains routines used by various GNU programs, including
305          <command>getopt</command>, <command>obstack</command>,
306          <command>strerror</command>, <command>strtol</command>, and
307          <command>strtoul</command></para>
308          <indexterm zone="ch-cross-tools-binutils libiberty">
309            <primary sortas="c-libiberty">libiberty</primary>
310          </indexterm>
311        </listitem>
312      </varlistentry>
313
314      <varlistentry id="libbfd">
315        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libbfd</filename></term>
316        <listitem>
317          <para>The Binary File Descriptor library</para>
318          <indexterm zone="ch-cross-tools-binutils libbfd">
319            <primary sortas="c-libbfd">libbfd</primary>
320          </indexterm>
321        </listitem>
322      </varlistentry>
323
324      <varlistentry id="libopcodes">
325        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libopcodes</filename></term>
326        <listitem>
327          <para>A library for dealing with opcodes&mdash;the <quote>readable
328          text</quote> versions of instructions for the processor;
329          it is used for building utilities like
330          <command>objdump</command>.</para>
331          <indexterm zone="ch-cross-tools-binutils libopcodes">
332            <primary sortas="c-libopcodes">libopcodes</primary>
333          </indexterm>
334        </listitem>
335      </varlistentry>
336
337    </variablelist>
338
339  </sect2>
340
341</sect1>
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