source: boot/common/creatingdirs.xml@ cc07a72

Last change on this file since cc07a72 was bf8c11f, checked in by Jim Gifford <clfs@…>, 19 years ago

r627@server (orig r625): jim | 2005-10-31 12:59:34 -0800
Import of Cross-LFS Book

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File size: 3.1 KB
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-boot-creatingdirs">
9 <?dbhtml filename="creatingdirs.html"?>
10
11 <title>Creating Directories</title>
12
13 <para os="a">It is time to create some structure in the LFS file system. Create a
14 standard directory tree by issuing the following commands:</para>
15
16<screen><userinput>install -d ${LFS}/{bin,boot,dev,etc/opt,home,lib,mnt}
17install -d ${LFS}/{sbin,srv,usr/local,var,opt,proc,sys}
18install -d ${LFS}/root -m 0750
19install -d ${LFS}/tmp ${LFS}/var/tmp -m 1777
20install -d ${LFS}/media/{floppy,cdrom}
21install -d ${LFS}/usr/{bin,include,lib,sbin,share,src}
22ln -s share/{man,doc,info} ${LFS}/usr
23install -d ${LFS}/usr/share/{doc,info,locale,man}
24install -d ${LFS}/usr/share/{misc,terminfo,zoneinfo}
25install -d ${LFS}/usr/share/man/man{1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8}
26install -d ${LFS}/usr/local/{bin,etc,include,lib,sbin,share,src}
27ln -s share/{man,doc,info} ${LFS}/usr/local
28install -d ${LFS}/usr/local/share/{doc,info,locale,man}
29install -d ${LFS}/usr/local/share/{misc,terminfo,zoneinfo}
30install -d ${LFS}/usr/local/share/man/man{1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8}
31install -d ${LFS}/var/{lock,log,mail,run,spool}
32install -d ${LFS}/var/{opt,cache,lib/{misc,locate},local}
33install -d ${LFS}/opt/{bin,doc,include,info}
34install -d ${LFS}/opt/{lib,man/man{1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8}}</userinput></screen>
35
36 <para os="b">Directories are, by default, created with permission mode 755,
37 but this is not desirable for all directories. In the commands above,
38 two changes are made&mdash;one to the home directory of user
39 <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>, and another to the
40 directories for temporary files.</para>
41
42 <para os="c">The first mode change ensures that not just anybody can enter
43 the <filename class="directory">${LFS}/root</filename> directory&mdash;the
44 same as a normal user would do with his or her home directory. The
45 second mode change makes sure that any user can write to the
46 <filename class="directory">${LFS}/tmp</filename> and
47 <filename class="directory">${LFS}/var/tmp</filename> directories, but
48 cannot remove another user's files from them. The latter is prohibited
49 by the so-called <quote>sticky bit,</quote> the highest bit (1) in the
50 1777 bit mask.</para>
51
52 <sect2 os="d">
53 <title>FHS Compliance Note</title>
54
55 <para>The directory tree is based on the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard
56 (FHS) (available at <ulink url="http://www.pathname.com/fhs/"/>). In
57 addition to the tree created above, this standard stipulates the
58 existence of <filename class="directory">/usr/local/games</filename>
59 and <filename class="directory">/usr/share/games</filename>. The FHS
60 is not precise as to the structure of the <filename
61 class="directory">/usr/local/share</filename> subdirectory, so we
62 create only the directories that are needed. However, feel free to
63 create these directories if you prefer to conform more strictly to
64 the FHS.</para>
65
66 </sect2>
67
68</sect1>
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