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clfs-1.2clfs-2.1clfs-3.0.0-systemdclfs-3.0.0-sysvinitsystemdsysvinit
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
3  "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
4  <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
5  %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-intro-how">
9  <?dbhtml filename="how.html"?>
10
11  <title>How to Build a CLFS System</title>
12
13  <para>The CLFS system will be built by using a previously installed
14  Linux distribution (such as Debian, Fedora, Mandriva, SuSE, or Ubuntu).
15  This existing Linux system (the host) will be used as a starting point to
16  provide necessary programs, including a compiler, linker, and shell,
17  to build the new system. Select the <quote>development</quote> option
18  during the distribution installation to be able to access these
19  tools.</para>
20
21  <para>As an alternative to installing an entire separate distribution
22  onto your machine, you may wish to use the Linux From Scratch LiveCD.
23  This CD works well as a host system, providing all the tools you need to
24  successfully follow the instructions in this book. It does also
25  contain source packages and patches for the LFS book, and a copy of the LFS
26  book, but not the needed packages or book for CLFS. You can still use the
27  CD for building CLFS, but you will need to download the packages, patches
28  and book separately. You can also look at
29  <ulink url="&hints-root;lfscd-remastering-howto.txt"/>
30  for infomation on building your own CD, replacing the LFS packages and book
31  with those for CLFS. Once you have the CD, no network connection or
32  additional downloads are necessary. For more information about the LFS
33  LiveCD or to download a copy, visit <ulink url="&livecd-root;"/>.</para>
34
35  <para><xref linkend="chapter-partitioning"/> of this book describes how
36  to create a new Linux native partition and file system, the place
37  where the new CLFS system will be compiled and installed. <xref
38  linkend="chapter-getting-materials"/> explains which packages and
39  patches need to be downloaded to build a CLFS system and how to store
40  them on the new file system. <xref linkend="chapter-final-preps"/>
41  discusses the setup for an appropriate working environment. Please read
42  <xref linkend="chapter-final-preps"/> carefully as it explains several
43  important issues the developer should be aware of before beginning to
44  work through <xref linkend="chapter-cross-tools"/> and
45  beyond.</para>
46
47  <para><xref linkend="chapter-cross-tools"/> explains the installation of
48  cross-compile tools which will be built on the host but be able to compile
49  programs that run on the target machine. These cross-compile tools will
50  be used to create a temporary, minimal system that will be the basis for
51  building the final CLFS system. Some of these packages are needed to resolve
52  circular dependencies&mdash;for example, to compile a compiler, you need a
53  compiler.</para>
54
55  <para>The process of building cross-compile tools first involves building and
56  installing all the necessary tools to create a build system for the target
57  machine. With these cross-compiled tools, we eliminate any
58  dependencies on the toolchain from our host distro.</para>
59
60  <para>After we build our <quote>Cross-Tools</quote>, we start building
61  a very minimal working system in /tools. This effort to isolate the new
62  system from the host distribution may seem excessive, but a full technical
63  explanation is provided at the beginning of
64  <xref linkend="chapter-temp-system"/>.</para>
65
66  <para>In <xref linkend="chapter-building-system"/>, the full CLFS system is
67  built. Depending on the system you are cross-compiling for, you will either
68  boot the minimal temp-system on the target machine, or chroot into it.</para>
69
70  <para>The <command>chroot</command> (change root) program is used to enter
71  a virtual environment and start a new shell whose root directory will be set
72  to the CLFS partition. This is very similar to rebooting and instructing the
73  kernel to mount the CLFS partition as the root partition.
74  The major advantage is that <quote>chrooting</quote> allows the builder to
75  continue using the host while CLFS is being built. While waiting for package
76  compilation to complete, a user can switch to a different virtual console
77  (VC) or X desktop and continue using the computer as normal.</para>
78
79  <para>Some systems cannot be built by chrooting so they must be
80  booted instead. Generally, if you building for a different arch than
81  the host system, you must reboot because the kernel will likely not
82  support the target machine. Booting involves installing a few
83  additional packages that are needed for bootup, installing
84  bootscripts, and building a miminal kernel. We also describe some
85  alternative booting methods in <xref linkend="ch-boot-whatnext"/></para>
86
87  <para>To finish the installation, the CLFS-Bootscripts are set up in <xref
88  linkend="chapter-bootscripts"/>, and the kernel and boot loader are set
89  up in <xref linkend="chapter-bootable"/>. <xref linkend="chapter-finalizing"/>
90  contains information on furthering the CLFS experience beyond this book.
91  After the steps in this book have been implemented, the computer will be
92  ready to reboot into the new CLFS system.</para>
93
94  <para>This is the process in a nutshell. Detailed information on each
95  step is discussed in the following chapters and package descriptions.
96  Items that may seem complicated will be clarified, and everything will
97  fall into place as the reader embarks on the CLFS adventure.</para>
98
99</sect1>
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