[3f8be484] | 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> |
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN" |
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [ |
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| 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent"> |
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| 5 | %general-entities; |
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| 6 | ]> |
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| 7 | |
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| 8 | <sect1 id="ch-intro-how"> |
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| 9 | <?dbhtml filename="how.html"?> |
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| 10 | |
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[576a66b] | 11 | <title>How to Build a CLFS System</title> |
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[3f8be484] | 12 | |
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[576a66b] | 13 | <para>The CLFS system will be built by using a previously installed |
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[a266616] | 14 | Linux distribution (such as Debian, Fedora, Mandriva, SuSE, or Ubuntu). |
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| 15 | This existing Linux system (the host) will be used as a starting point to |
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[3f8be484] | 16 | provide necessary programs, including a compiler, linker, and shell, |
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| 17 | to build the new system. Select the <quote>development</quote> option |
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| 18 | during the distribution installation to be able to access these |
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| 19 | tools.</para> |
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| 20 | |
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| 21 | <para>As an alternative to installing an entire separate distribution |
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[a266616] | 22 | onto your machine, you may wish to use the Linux From Scratch LiveCD. |
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| 23 | The CD works well as a host system, providing all the tools you need to |
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| 24 | successfully follow the instructions in this book. Additionally, it |
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| 25 | contains all the source packages, patches and a copy of this book. So |
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| 26 | once you have the CD, no network connection or additional downloads are |
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| 27 | necessary. For more information about the LFS LiveCD or to download a copy, |
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| 28 | visit <ulink url="&livecd-root;"/></para> |
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[3f8be484] | 29 | |
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| 30 | <para><xref linkend="chapter-partitioning"/> of this book describes how |
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| 31 | to create a new Linux native partition and file system, the place |
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[576a66b] | 32 | where the new CLFS system will be compiled and installed. <xref |
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[3f8be484] | 33 | linkend="chapter-getting-materials"/> explains which packages and |
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[576a66b] | 34 | patches need to be downloaded to build a CLFS system and how to store |
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[3f8be484] | 35 | them on the new file system. <xref linkend="chapter-final-preps"/> |
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| 36 | discusses the setup for an appropriate working environment. Please read |
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| 37 | <xref linkend="chapter-final-preps"/> carefully as it explains several |
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| 38 | important issues the developer should be aware of before beginning to |
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[8659630] | 39 | work through <xref linkend="chapter-cross-tools"/> and |
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[3f8be484] | 40 | beyond.</para> |
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| 41 | |
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[5da8aa0] | 42 | <para><xref linkend="chapter-cross-tools"/> explains the installation of |
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| 43 | cross-compile tools which will be built on the host but be able to compile |
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| 44 | programs that run on the target machine. These cross-compile tools will |
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| 45 | be used to create a temporary, minimal system that will be the basis for |
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[576a66b] | 46 | building the final CLFS system. Some of these packages are needed to resolve |
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[5da8aa0] | 47 | circular dependencies—for example, to compile a compiler, you need a |
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| 48 | compiler.</para> |
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| 49 | |
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| 50 | <para>The process of building cross-compile tools first involves installing |
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[a266616] | 51 | building all the necessary tools to create a build system for the target |
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| 52 | machine. With the Cross-Compiled tools we just created, we elminate any |
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| 53 | dependencies on the toolchain from our host distro.</para> |
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[3f8be484] | 54 | |
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[a266616] | 55 | <para>After we build our <quote>Cross-Tools</quote>, we start building |
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| 56 | a very minimal working system in /tools. This effort to isolate the new |
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| 57 | system from the host distribution may seem excessive, but a full technical |
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| 58 | explanation is provided at the beginning of |
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| 59 | <xref linkend="chapter-temp-system"/>.</para> |
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[3f8be484] | 60 | |
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[576a66b] | 61 | <para>In <xref linkend="chapter-building-system"/>, the full CLFS system is |
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[5da8aa0] | 62 | built. Depending on the system you are cross-compiling for, either you will |
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| 63 | boot the minimal temp-system on the target machine, or chroot into it.</para> |
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| 64 | |
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| 65 | <para>The <command>chroot</command> (change root) program is used to enter |
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[3f8be484] | 66 | a virtual environment and start a new shell whose root directory will be set |
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[576a66b] | 67 | to the CLFS partition. This is very similar to rebooting and instructing the |
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| 68 | kernel to mount the CLFS partition as the root partition. |
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[3f8be484] | 69 | The major advantage is that <quote>chrooting</quote> allows the builder to |
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[576a66b] | 70 | continue using the host while CLFS is being built. While waiting for package |
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[3f8be484] | 71 | compilation to complete, a user can switch to a different virtual console |
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| 72 | (VC) or X desktop and continue using the computer as normal.</para> |
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| 73 | |
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[576a66b] | 74 | <para>Some systems cannot be built by chrooting so they must be |
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| 75 | booted instead. Generally, if you building for a different arch than |
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| 76 | the host system, you must reboot because the kernel will likely not |
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| 77 | support the target machine. Booting involves installing a few |
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| 78 | additional packages that are needed for bootup, installing |
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[a266616] | 79 | bootscripts, and building a miminal kernel. We also describe some |
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| 80 | alternative booting methods in <xref linkend="ch-boot-whatnext"/></para> |
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[5da8aa0] | 81 | |
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[576a66b] | 82 | <para>To finish the installation, the CLFS-Bootscripts are set up in <xref |
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[3f8be484] | 83 | linkend="chapter-bootscripts"/>, and the kernel and boot loader are set |
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[a266616] | 84 | up in <xref linkend="chapter-bootable"/>. <xref linkend="chapter-finalizing"/> |
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| 85 | contains information on furthering the CLFS experience beyond this book. |
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| 86 | After the steps in this book have been implemented, the computer will be |
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| 87 | ready to reboot into the new CLFS system.</para> |
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[3f8be484] | 88 | |
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| 89 | <para>This is the process in a nutshell. Detailed information on each |
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| 90 | step is discussed in the following chapters and package descriptions. |
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| 91 | Items that may seem complicated will be clarified, and everything will |
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[576a66b] | 92 | fall into place as the reader embarks on the CLFS adventure.</para> |
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[3f8be484] | 93 | |
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| 94 | </sect1> |
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