source: BOOK/final-system/common/util-linux.xml@ 9277897

clfs-3.0.0-systemd clfs-3.0.0-sysvinit systemd sysvinit
Last change on this file since 9277897 was 9277897, checked in by Chris Staub <chris@…>, 11 years ago

Switches for util-linux to disable su and login are no longer needed

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File size: 40.7 KB
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-util-linux" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="util-linux.html"?>
10
11 <title>Util-linux-&util-linux-version;</title>
12
13 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux">
14 <primary sortas="a-Util-linux">Util-linux</primary>
15 </indexterm>
16
17 <sect2 role="package">
18 <title/>
19
20 <para>The Util-linux package contains miscellaneous utility programs.
21 Among them are utilities for handling file systems, consoles, partitions,
22 and messages.</para>
23
24 </sect2>
25
26 <sect2 id="fhs-util-linux" role="installation">
27 <title>FHS compliance notes</title>
28
29 <para>The FHS recommends using the <filename
30 class="directory">/var/lib/hwclock</filename> directory instead of the
31 usual <filename class="directory">/etc</filename> directory as the
32 location for the <filename>adjtime</filename> file. To make the
33 <command>hwclock</command> program FHS-compliant, run the following:</para>
34
35<screen><userinput>sed -i -e 's@etc/adjtime@var/lib/hwclock/adjtime@g' \
36 $(grep -rl '/etc/adjtime' .)
37mkdir -pv /var/lib/hwclock</userinput></screen>
38
39 </sect2>
40
41 <sect2 role="installation">
42 <title>Installation of Util-linux</title>
43
44 <para os="a">Prepare Util-linux for compilation:</para>
45
46<screen os="b"><userinput>./configure --enable-write</userinput></screen>
47
48 <variablelist os="c">
49 <title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
50
51 <varlistentry>
52 <term><parameter>--enable-write</parameter></term>
53 <listitem>
54 <para>This option allows the <command>write</command> program to be
55 installed.</para>
56 </listitem>
57 </varlistentry>
58
59 </variablelist>
60
61 <para os="d">Compile the package:</para>
62
63<screen os="e"><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
64
65 <para os="dummy1">Create two <systemitem class="groupname">dummy</systemitem> groups and a <systemitem class="username">dummy</systemitem> user to be used during Util-linux and Coreutils test suites:</para>
66
67<screen os="dummy2"><userinput>echo "dummy1:x:1000:" &gt;&gt; /etc/group
68echo "dummy2:x:1001:dummy" &gt;&gt; /etc/group
69echo "dummy:x:1000:1000::/root:/bin/bash" &gt;&gt; /etc/passwd</userinput></screen>
70
71 <para os="f">To test the results, issue:
72 <userinput>chown -Rv dummy . &amp;&amp; su dummy -s /bin/bash -c "PATH=$PATH make -k check"</userinput></para>
73
74 <para os="g">Install the package:</para>
75
76<screen os="h"><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
77
78 <para os="i">Move the <command>logger</command> binary to
79 <filename class="directory">/bin</filename> as it is needed by the
80 CLFS-Bootscripts package:</para>
81
82<screen os="j"><userinput>mv -v /usr/bin/logger /bin</userinput></screen>
83
84 </sect2>
85
86 <sect2 id="contents-util-linux" role="content">
87 <title>Contents of Util-linux</title>
88
89 <segmentedlist>
90 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
91 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
92 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
93
94 <seglistitem>
95 <seg>addpart, agetty, blkdiscard, blkid, blockdev, cal, cfdisk, chcpu,
96 chrt, col, colcrt, colrm, column, ctrlaltdel, cytune, delpart,
97 dmesg, eject, fallocate, fdformat, fdisk, findfs, findmnt, flock,
98 fsck, fsck.cramfs, fsck.minix, fsfreeze, fstrim, getopt, hexdump,
99 hwclock, ionice, ipcmk, ipcrm, ipcs, isosize, kill, last, lastb (link
100 to last), ldattach, logger, look, losetup, lsblk, lscpu, lslocks,
101 mcookie, mesg, mkfs, mkfs.bfs, mkfs.cramfs, mkfs.minix, mkswap, more,
102 mount, mountpoint, namei, nsenter, nologin, partx, pg, pivot_root, prlimit,
103 raw, readprofile, rename, renice, resizepart, rev, rtcwake, script,
104 scriptreplay, setarch, setsid, setterm, sfdisk, sulogin, swaplabel,
105 swapoff (link to swapon), swapon, switch_root, tailf, taskset, tunelp,
106 ul, umount, unshare, utmpdump, uuidd, uuidgen, wall, wdctl, whereis,
107 wipefs, and write</seg>
108 <seg>libblkid.[a,so], libmount.[a,so], and libuuid.[a,so]</seg>
109 <seg>/usr/include/blkid, /usr/include/libmount, /usr/include/uuid,
110 /usr/share/doc/util-linux/getopt, /var/lib/hwclock</seg>
111 </seglistitem>
112 </segmentedlist>
113
114 <variablelist>
115 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
116 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
117 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
118
119 <varlistentry id="addpart">
120 <term><command>addpart</command></term>
121 <listitem>
122 <para>Informs the kernel of a new partition</para>
123 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux addpart">
124 <primary sortas="b-addpart">addpart</primary>
125 </indexterm>
126 </listitem>
127 </varlistentry>
128
129 <varlistentry id="agetty">
130 <term><command>agetty</command></term>
131 <listitem>
132 <para>Opens a tty port, prompts for a login name,
133 and then invokes the <command>login</command> program</para>
134 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux agetty">
135 <primary sortas="b-agetty">agetty</primary>
136 </indexterm>
137 </listitem>
138 </varlistentry>
139
140 <varlistentry id="blkdiscard">
141 <term><command>blkdiscard</command></term>
142 <listitem>
143 <para>Discards sectors on a device</para>
144 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux blkdiscard">
145 <primary sortas="b-blkdiscard">blkdiscard</primary>
146 </indexterm>
147 </listitem>
148 </varlistentry>
149
150 <varlistentry id="blkid">
151 <term><command>blkid</command></term>
152 <listitem>
153 <para>A command line utility to locate and print block device
154 attributes</para>
155 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux blkid">
156 <primary sortas="b-blkid">blkid</primary>
157 </indexterm>
158 </listitem>
159 </varlistentry>
160
161 <varlistentry id="blockdev">
162 <term><command>blockdev</command></term>
163 <listitem>
164 <para>Allows users to call block device ioctls from the command
165 line</para>
166 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux blockdev">
167 <primary sortas="b-blockdev">blockdev</primary>
168 </indexterm>
169 </listitem>
170 </varlistentry>
171
172 <varlistentry id="cal">
173 <term><command>cal</command></term>
174 <listitem>
175 <para>Displays a simple calendar</para>
176 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux cal">
177 <primary sortas="b-cal">cal</primary>
178 </indexterm>
179 </listitem>
180 </varlistentry>
181
182 <varlistentry id="cfdisk">
183 <term><command>cfdisk</command></term>
184 <listitem>
185 <para>Manipulates the partition table of the given device</para>
186 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux cfdisk">
187 <primary sortas="b-cfdisk">cfdisk</primary>
188 </indexterm>
189 </listitem>
190 </varlistentry>
191
192 <varlistentry id="chcpu">
193 <term><command>chcpu</command></term>
194 <listitem>
195 <para>Utility to configure CPUs</para>
196 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux chcpu">
197 <primary sortas="b-chcpu">chcpu</primary>
198 </indexterm>
199 </listitem>
200 </varlistentry>
201
202 <varlistentry id="chrt">
203 <term><command>chrt</command></term>
204 <listitem>
205 <para>Manipulates real-time attributes of a process</para>
206 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux chrt">
207 <primary sortas="b-chrt">chrt</primary>
208 </indexterm>
209 </listitem>
210 </varlistentry>
211
212 <varlistentry id="col">
213 <term><command>col</command></term>
214 <listitem>
215 <para>Filters out reverse line feeds</para>
216 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux col">
217 <primary sortas="b-col">col</primary>
218 </indexterm>
219 </listitem>
220 </varlistentry>
221
222 <varlistentry id="colcrt">
223 <term><command>colcrt</command></term>
224 <listitem>
225 <para>Filters <command>nroff</command> output for terminals
226 that lack some capabilities, such as overstriking and half-lines</para>
227 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux colcrt">
228 <primary sortas="b-colcrt">colcrt</primary>
229 </indexterm>
230 </listitem>
231 </varlistentry>
232
233 <varlistentry id="colrm">
234 <term><command>colrm</command></term>
235 <listitem>
236 <para>Filters out the given columns</para>
237 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux colrm">
238 <primary sortas="b-colrm">colrm</primary>
239 </indexterm>
240 </listitem>
241 </varlistentry>
242
243 <varlistentry id="column">
244 <term><command>column</command></term>
245 <listitem>
246 <para>Formats a given file into multiple columns</para>
247 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux column">
248 <primary sortas="b-column">column</primary>
249 </indexterm>
250 </listitem>
251 </varlistentry>
252
253 <varlistentry id="ctrlaltdel">
254 <term><command>ctrlaltdel</command></term>
255 <listitem>
256 <para>Sets the function of the Ctrl+Alt+Del key combination to a
257 hard or a soft reset</para>
258 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux ctrlaltdel">
259 <primary sortas="b-ctrlaltdel">ctrlaltdel</primary>
260 </indexterm>
261 </listitem>
262 </varlistentry>
263
264 <varlistentry id="cytune">
265 <term><command>cytune</command></term>
266 <listitem>
267 <para>Tunes the parameters of the serial line drivers for
268 Cyclades cards</para>
269 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux cytune">
270 <primary sortas="b-cytune">cytune</primary>
271 </indexterm>
272 </listitem>
273 </varlistentry>
274
275 <varlistentry id="ddate">
276 <term><command>ddate</command></term>
277 <listitem>
278 <para>Gives the Discordian date or converts the given Gregorian date
279 to a Discordian one</para>
280 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux ddate">
281 <primary sortas="b-ddate">ddate</primary>
282 </indexterm>
283 </listitem>
284 </varlistentry>
285
286 <varlistentry id="delpart">
287 <term><command>delpart</command></term>
288 <listitem>
289 <para>Asks the kernel to remove a partition</para>
290 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux delpart">
291 <primary sortas="b-delpart">delpart</primary>
292 </indexterm>
293 </listitem>
294 </varlistentry>
295
296 <varlistentry id="dmesg">
297 <term><command>dmesg</command></term>
298 <listitem>
299 <para>Dumps the kernel boot messages</para>
300 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux dmesg">
301 <primary sortas="b-dmesg">dmesg</primary>
302 </indexterm>
303 </listitem>
304 </varlistentry>
305
306 <varlistentry id="eject">
307 <term><command>eject</command></term>
308 <listitem>
309 <para>Eject removable media</para>
310 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux eject">
311 <primary sortas="b-dmesg">eject</primary>
312 </indexterm>
313 </listitem>
314 </varlistentry>
315
316 <varlistentry id="fallocate">
317 <term><command>fallocate</command></term>
318 <listitem>
319 <para>Preallocates space to a file</para>
320 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux fallocate">
321 <primary sortas="b-fallocate">fallocate</primary>
322 </indexterm>
323 </listitem>
324 </varlistentry>
325
326 <varlistentry id="fdformat">
327 <term><command>fdformat</command></term>
328 <listitem>
329 <para>Low-level formats a floppy disk</para>
330 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux fdformat">
331 <primary sortas="b-fdformat">fdformat</primary>
332 </indexterm>
333 </listitem>
334 </varlistentry>
335
336 <varlistentry id="fdisk">
337 <term><command>fdisk</command></term>
338 <listitem>
339 <para>Manipulates the partition table of the given device</para>
340 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux fdisk">
341 <primary sortas="b-fdisk">fdisk</primary>
342 </indexterm>
343 </listitem>
344 </varlistentry>
345
346 <varlistentry id="findfs">
347 <term><command>findfs</command></term>
348 <listitem>
349 <para>Finds a file system by label or Universally Unique Identifier
350 (UUID)</para>
351 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux findfs">
352 <primary sortas="b-findfs">findfs</primary>
353 </indexterm>
354 </listitem>
355 </varlistentry>
356
357 <varlistentry id="findmnt">
358 <term><command>findmnt</command></term>
359 <listitem>
360 <para>Lists mounted filesystems or searches for a filesystem</para>
361 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux findmnt">
362 <primary sortas="b-findmnt">findmnt</primary>
363 </indexterm>
364 </listitem>
365 </varlistentry>
366
367 <varlistentry id="flock">
368 <term><command>flock</command></term>
369 <listitem>
370 <para>Acquires a file lock and then executes a command with the lock
371 held</para>
372 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux flock">
373 <primary sortas="b-flock">flock</primary>
374 </indexterm>
375 </listitem>
376 </varlistentry>
377
378 <varlistentry id="fsck">
379 <term><command>fsck</command></term>
380 <listitem>
381 <para>Is used to check, and optionally repair, file systems</para>
382 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux fsck">
383 <primary sortas="b-fsck">fsck</primary>
384 </indexterm>
385 </listitem>
386 </varlistentry>
387
388 <varlistentry id="fsck.cramfs">
389 <term><command>fsck.cramfs</command></term>
390 <listitem>
391 <para>Performs a consistency check on the Cramfs file system on the
392 given device</para>
393 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux fsck.cramfs">
394 <primary sortas="b-fsck.cramfs">fsck.cramfs</primary>
395 </indexterm>
396 </listitem>
397 </varlistentry>
398
399 <varlistentry id="fsck.minix">
400 <term><command>fsck.minix</command></term>
401 <listitem>
402 <para>Performs a consistency check on the Minix file system on the
403 given device</para>
404 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux fsck.minix">
405 <primary sortas="b-fsck.minix">fsck.minix</primary>
406 </indexterm>
407 </listitem>
408 </varlistentry>
409
410 <varlistentry id="fsfreeze">
411 <term><command>fsfreeze</command></term>
412 <listitem>
413 <para>Suspends and resumes access to a filesystem</para>
414 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux fsfreeze">
415 <primary sortas="b-fsfreeze">fsfreeze</primary>
416 </indexterm>
417 </listitem>
418 </varlistentry>
419
420 <varlistentry id="fstrim">
421 <term><command>fstrim</command></term>
422 <listitem>
423 <para>Discards unused blocks on a mounted filesystem</para>
424 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux fstrim">
425 <primary sortas="b-fstrim">fstrim</primary>
426 </indexterm>
427 </listitem>
428 </varlistentry>
429
430 <varlistentry id="getopt">
431 <term><command>getopt</command></term>
432 <listitem>
433 <para>Parses options in the given command line</para>
434 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux getopt">
435 <primary sortas="b-getopt">getopt</primary>
436 </indexterm>
437 </listitem>
438 </varlistentry>
439
440 <varlistentry id="hexdump">
441 <term><command>hexdump</command></term>
442 <listitem>
443 <para>Dumps the given file in hexadecimal or in another given
444 format</para>
445 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux hexdump">
446 <primary sortas="b-hexdump">hexdump</primary>
447 </indexterm>
448 </listitem>
449 </varlistentry>
450
451 <varlistentry id="hwclock">
452 <term><command>hwclock</command></term>
453 <listitem>
454 <para>Reads or sets the system's hardware clock, also called
455 the Real-Time Clock (RTC) or Basic Input-Output System (BIOS)
456 clock</para>
457 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux hwclock">
458 <primary sortas="b-hwclock">hwclock</primary>
459 </indexterm>
460 </listitem>
461 </varlistentry>
462
463 <varlistentry id="ionice">
464 <term><command>ionice</command></term>
465 <listitem>
466 <para>Gives and sets program I/O scheduling class and priority</para>
467 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux ionice">
468 <primary sortas="b-ionice">ionice</primary>
469 </indexterm>
470 </listitem>
471 </varlistentry>
472
473 <varlistentry id="ipcmk">
474 <term><command>ipcmk</command></term>
475 <listitem>
476 <para>Creates various IPC resources</para>
477 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux ipcmk">
478 <primary sortas="b-ipcmk">ipcmk</primary>
479 </indexterm>
480 </listitem>
481 </varlistentry>
482
483 <varlistentry id="ipcrm">
484 <term><command>ipcrm</command></term>
485 <listitem>
486 <para>Removes the given Inter-Process Communication (IPC) resource</para>
487 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux ipcrm">
488 <primary sortas="b-ipcrm">ipcrm</primary>
489 </indexterm>
490 </listitem>
491 </varlistentry>
492
493 <varlistentry id="ipcs">
494 <term><command>ipcs</command></term>
495 <listitem>
496 <para>Provides IPC status information</para>
497 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux ipcs">
498 <primary sortas="b-ipcs">ipcs</primary>
499 </indexterm>
500 </listitem>
501 </varlistentry>
502
503 <varlistentry id="isosize">
504 <term><command>isosize</command></term>
505 <listitem>
506 <para>Reports the size of an iso9660 file system</para>
507 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux isosize">
508 <primary sortas="b-isosize">isosize</primary>
509 </indexterm>
510 </listitem>
511 </varlistentry>
512
513 <varlistentry id="kill">
514 <term><command>kill</command></term>
515 <listitem>
516 <para>Send a signal to a process</para>
517 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux kill">
518 <primary sortas="b-kill">kill</primary>
519 </indexterm>
520 </listitem>
521 </varlistentry>
522
523 <varlistentry id="last">
524 <term><command>last</command></term>
525 <listitem>
526 <para>Shows which users last logged in (and out), searching back
527 through the <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> file; it also shows
528 system boots, shutdowns, and run-level changes</para>
529 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux last">
530 <primary sortas="b-last">last</primary>
531 </indexterm>
532 </listitem>
533 </varlistentry>
534
535 <varlistentry id="lastb">
536 <term><command>lastb</command></term>
537 <listitem>
538 <para>Shows the failed login attempts, as logged in
539 <filename>/var/log/btmp</filename></para>
540 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux lastb">
541 <primary sortas="b-lastb">lastb</primary>
542 </indexterm>
543 </listitem>
544 </varlistentry>
545
546 <varlistentry id="ldattach">
547 <term><command>ldattach</command></term>
548 <listitem>
549 <para>Attaches a line discipline to a serial line</para>
550 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux ldattach">
551 <primary sortas="b-ldattach">ldattach</primary>
552 </indexterm>
553 </listitem>
554 </varlistentry>
555
556 <varlistentry id="logger">
557 <term><command>logger</command></term>
558 <listitem>
559 <para>Enters the given message into the system log</para>
560 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux logger">
561 <primary sortas="b-logger">logger</primary>
562 </indexterm>
563 </listitem>
564 </varlistentry>
565
566 <varlistentry id="look">
567 <term><command>look</command></term>
568 <listitem>
569 <para>Displays lines that begin with the given string</para>
570 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux look">
571 <primary sortas="b-look">look</primary>
572 </indexterm>
573 </listitem>
574 </varlistentry>
575
576 <varlistentry id="losetup">
577 <term><command>losetup</command></term>
578 <listitem>
579 <para>Sets up and controls loop devices</para>
580 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux losetup">
581 <primary sortas="b-losetup">losetup</primary>
582 </indexterm>
583 </listitem>
584 </varlistentry>
585
586 <varlistentry id="lsblk">
587 <term><command>lsblk</command></term>
588 <listitem>
589 <para>Prints information about block devices</para>
590 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux lsblk">
591 <primary sortas="b-lsblk">lsblk</primary>
592 </indexterm>
593 </listitem>
594 </varlistentry>
595
596 <varlistentry id="lscpu">
597 <term><command>lscpu</command></term>
598 <listitem>
599 <para>Prints CPU architechture information</para>
600 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux lscpu">
601 <primary sortas="b-lscpu">lscpu</primary>
602 </indexterm>
603 </listitem>
604 </varlistentry>
605
606 <varlistentry id="lslocks">
607 <term><command>lslocks</command></term>
608 <listitem>
609 <para>Lists local system locks</para>
610 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux lslocks">
611 <primary sortas="b-lslocks">lslocks</primary>
612 </indexterm>
613 </listitem>
614 </varlistentry>
615
616 <varlistentry id="mcookie">
617 <term><command>mcookie</command></term>
618 <listitem>
619 <para>Generates magic cookies (128-bit random hexadecimal numbers) for
620 <command>xauth</command></para>
621 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux mcookie">
622 <primary sortas="b-mcookie">mcookie</primary>
623 </indexterm>
624 </listitem>
625 </varlistentry>
626
627 <varlistentry id="mesg">
628 <term><command>mesg</command></term>
629 <listitem>
630 <para>Controls whether other users can send messages to the current
631 user's terminal</para>
632 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux mesg">
633 <primary sortas="b-mesg">mesg</primary>
634 </indexterm>
635 </listitem>
636 </varlistentry>
637
638 <varlistentry id="mkfs">
639 <term><command>mkfs</command></term>
640 <listitem>
641 <para>Builds a file system on a device (usually a hard disk
642 partition)</para>
643 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux mkfs">
644 <primary sortas="b-mkfs">mkfs</primary>
645 </indexterm>
646 </listitem>
647 </varlistentry>
648
649 <varlistentry id="mkfs.bfs">
650 <term><command>mkfs.bfs</command></term>
651 <listitem>
652 <para>Creates a Santa Cruz Operations (SCO) bfs file system</para>
653 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux mkfs.bfs">
654 <primary sortas="b-mkfs.bfs">mkfs.bfs</primary>
655 </indexterm>
656 </listitem>
657 </varlistentry>
658
659 <varlistentry id="mkfs.cramfs">
660 <term><command>mkfs.cramfs</command></term>
661 <listitem>
662 <para>Creates a cramfs file system</para>
663 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux mkfs.cramfs">
664 <primary sortas="b-mkfs.cramfs">mkfs.cramfs</primary>
665 </indexterm>
666 </listitem>
667 </varlistentry>
668
669 <varlistentry id="mkfs.minix">
670 <term><command>mkfs.minix</command></term>
671 <listitem>
672 <para>Creates a Minix file system</para>
673 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux mkfs.minix">
674 <primary sortas="b-mkfs.minix">mkfs.minix</primary>
675 </indexterm>
676 </listitem>
677 </varlistentry>
678
679 <varlistentry id="mkswap">
680 <term><command>mkswap</command></term>
681 <listitem>
682 <para>Initializes the given device or file to be used as a swap
683 area</para>
684 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux mkswap">
685 <primary sortas="b-mkswap">mkswap</primary>
686 </indexterm>
687 </listitem>
688 </varlistentry>
689
690 <varlistentry id="more">
691 <term><command>more</command></term>
692 <listitem>
693 <para>A filter for paging through text one screen at a time</para>
694 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux more">
695 <primary sortas="b-more">more</primary>
696 </indexterm>
697 </listitem>
698 </varlistentry>
699
700 <varlistentry id="mount">
701 <term><command>mount</command></term>
702 <listitem>
703 <para>Attaches the file system on the given device to a specified
704 directory in the file-system tree</para>
705 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux mount">
706 <primary sortas="b-mount">mount</primary>
707 </indexterm>
708 </listitem>
709 </varlistentry>
710
711 <varlistentry id="mountpoint">
712 <term><command>mountpoint</command></term>
713 <listitem>
714 <para>Tells you whether or not a directory is a mount point.</para>
715 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux mountpoint">
716 <primary sortas="b-mountpoint">mountpoint</primary>
717 </indexterm>
718 </listitem>
719 </varlistentry>
720
721 <varlistentry id="namei">
722 <term><command>namei</command></term>
723 <listitem>
724 <para>Shows the symbolic links in the given pathnames</para>
725 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux namei">
726 <primary sortas="b-namei">namei</primary>
727 </indexterm>
728 </listitem>
729 </varlistentry>
730
731 <varlistentry id="nsenter">
732 <term><command>nsenter</command></term>
733 <listitem>
734 <para>Runs a program with namespaces of other processes</para>
735 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux nsenter">
736 <primary sortas="b-nsenter">nsenter</primary>
737 </indexterm>
738 </listitem>
739 </varlistentry>
740
741 <varlistentry id="nologin">
742 <term><command>nologin</command></term>
743 <listitem>
744 <para>Displays a message that an account is not available. Designed
745 to be used as the default shell for accounts that have been
746 disabled</para>
747 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux nologin">
748 <primary sortas="b-nologin">nologin</primary>
749 </indexterm>
750 </listitem>
751 </varlistentry>
752
753 <varlistentry id="partx">
754 <term><command>partx</command></term>
755 <listitem>
756 <para>Tells the kernel about the presence and numbering of on-disk
757 partitions</para>
758 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux partx">
759 <primary sortas="b-partx">partx</primary>
760 </indexterm>
761 </listitem>
762 </varlistentry>
763
764 <varlistentry id="pg">
765 <term><command>pg</command></term>
766 <listitem>
767 <para>Displays a text file one screen full at a time</para>
768 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux pg">
769 <primary sortas="b-pg">pg</primary>
770 </indexterm>
771 </listitem>
772 </varlistentry>
773
774 <varlistentry id="pivot_root">
775 <term><command>pivot_root</command></term>
776 <listitem>
777 <para>Makes the given file system the new root file system of the
778 current process</para>
779 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux pivot_root">
780 <primary sortas="b-pivot_root">pivot_root</primary>
781 </indexterm>
782 </listitem>
783 </varlistentry>
784
785 <varlistentry id="prlimit">
786 <term><command>prlimit</command></term>
787 <listitem>
788 <para>Gets and sets a process' resource limits</para>
789 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux prlimit">
790 <primary sortas="b-prlimit">prlimit</primary>
791 </indexterm>
792 </listitem>
793 </varlistentry>
794
795 <varlistentry id="raw">
796 <term><command>raw</command></term>
797 <listitem>
798 <para>Binds a Linux raw character device to a block device</para>
799 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux raw">
800 <primary sortas="b-raw">raw</primary>
801 </indexterm>
802 </listitem>
803 </varlistentry>
804
805 <varlistentry id="readprofile">
806 <term><command>readprofile</command></term>
807 <listitem>
808 <para>Reads kernel profiling information</para>
809 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux readprofile">
810 <primary sortas="b-readprofile">readprofile</primary>
811 </indexterm>
812 </listitem>
813 </varlistentry>
814
815 <varlistentry id="rename">
816 <term><command>rename</command></term>
817 <listitem>
818 <para>Renames the given files, replacing a given string with
819 another</para>
820 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux rename">
821 <primary sortas="b-rename">rename</primary>
822 </indexterm>
823 </listitem>
824 </varlistentry>
825
826 <varlistentry id="renice">
827 <term><command>renice</command></term>
828 <listitem>
829 <para>Alters the priority of running processes</para>
830 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux renice">
831 <primary sortas="b-renice">renice</primary>
832 </indexterm>
833 </listitem>
834 </varlistentry>
835
836 <varlistentry id="resizepart">
837 <term><command>resizepart</command></term>
838 <listitem>
839 <para>Asks the Linux kernel to resize a partition</para>
840 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux resizepart">
841 <primary sortas="b-resizepart">resizepart</primary>
842 </indexterm>
843 </listitem>
844 </varlistentry>
845
846 <varlistentry id="rev">
847 <term><command>rev</command></term>
848 <listitem>
849 <para>Reverses the lines of a given file</para>
850 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux rev">
851 <primary sortas="b-rev">rev</primary>
852 </indexterm>
853 </listitem>
854 </varlistentry>
855
856 <varlistentry id="rtcwake">
857 <term><command>rtcwake</command></term>
858 <listitem>
859 <para>Enters a system sleep state until a specified wakeup time</para>
860 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux rtcwake">
861 <primary sortas="b-rtcwake">rtcwake</primary>
862 </indexterm>
863 </listitem>
864 </varlistentry>
865
866 <varlistentry id="script">
867 <term><command>script</command></term>
868 <listitem>
869 <para>Makes a typescript of a terminal session</para>
870 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux script">
871 <primary sortas="b-script">script</primary>
872 </indexterm>
873 </listitem>
874 </varlistentry>
875
876 <varlistentry id="scriptreplay">
877 <term><command>scriptreplay</command></term>
878 <listitem>
879 <para>Plays back typescripts created by <command>script</command></para>
880 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux scriptreplay">
881 <primary sortas="b-scriptreplay">scriptreplay</primary>
882 </indexterm>
883 </listitem>
884 </varlistentry>
885
886 <varlistentry id="setarch">
887 <term><command>setarch</command></term>
888 <listitem>
889 <para>Changes reported architecture in new program environment and
890 sets personality flags</para>
891 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux setarch">
892 <primary sortas="b-setarch">setarch</primary>
893 </indexterm>
894 </listitem>
895 </varlistentry>
896
897 <varlistentry id="setsid">
898 <term><command>setsid</command></term>
899 <listitem>
900 <para>Runs the given program in a new session</para>
901 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux setsid">
902 <primary sortas="b-setsid">setsid</primary>
903 </indexterm>
904 </listitem>
905 </varlistentry>
906
907 <varlistentry id="setterm">
908 <term><command>setterm</command></term>
909 <listitem>
910 <para>Sets terminal attributes</para>
911 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux setterm">
912 <primary sortas="b-setterm">setterm</primary>
913 </indexterm>
914 </listitem>
915 </varlistentry>
916
917 <varlistentry id="sfdisk">
918 <term><command>sfdisk</command></term>
919 <listitem>
920 <para>A disk partition table manipulator</para>
921 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux sfdisk">
922 <primary sortas="b-sfdisk">sfdisk</primary>
923 </indexterm>
924 </listitem>
925 </varlistentry>
926
927 <varlistentry id="sulogin">
928 <term><command>sulogin</command></term>
929 <listitem>
930 <para>Allows <emphasis>root</emphasis> to log in; it is normally
931 invoked by <command>init</command> when the system goes into single
932 user mode</para>
933 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux sulogin">
934 <primary sortas="b-sulogin">sulogin</primary>
935 </indexterm>
936 </listitem>
937 </varlistentry>
938
939 <varlistentry id="swaplabel">
940 <term><command>swaplabel</command></term>
941 <listitem>
942 <para>Prints or changes the label or UUID of a swap area</para>
943 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux swaplabel">
944 <primary sortas="b-swaplabel">swaplabel</primary>
945 </indexterm>
946 </listitem>
947 </varlistentry>
948
949 <varlistentry id="swapoff">
950 <term><command>swapoff</command></term>
951 <listitem>
952 <para>Disables devices and files for paging and swapping</para>
953 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux swapoff">
954 <primary sortas="b-swapoff">swapoff</primary>
955 </indexterm>
956 </listitem>
957 </varlistentry>
958
959 <varlistentry id="swapon">
960 <term><command>swapon</command></term>
961 <listitem>
962 <para>Enables devices and files for paging and swapping and
963 lists the devices and files currently in use</para>
964 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux swapon">
965 <primary sortas="b-swapon">swapon</primary>
966 </indexterm>
967 </listitem>
968 </varlistentry>
969
970 <varlistentry id="switch_root">
971 <term><command>switch_root</command></term>
972 <listitem>
973 <para>Switches to another filesystem as the root of the mount tree</para>
974 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux switch_root">
975 <primary sortas="b-switch_root">switch_root</primary>
976 </indexterm>
977 </listitem>
978 </varlistentry>
979
980 <varlistentry id="tailf">
981 <term><command>tailf</command></term>
982 <listitem>
983 <para>Tracks the growth of a log file. Displays the last 10 lines
984 of a log file, then continues displaying any new entries in the
985 log file as they are created</para>
986 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux tailf">
987 <primary sortas="b-tailf">tailf</primary>
988 </indexterm>
989 </listitem>
990 </varlistentry>
991
992 <varlistentry id="taskset">
993 <term><command>taskset</command></term>
994 <listitem>
995 <para>Retrieves or sets a process's CPU affinity</para>
996 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux taskset">
997 <primary sortas="b-taskset">taskset</primary>
998 </indexterm>
999 </listitem>
1000 </varlistentry>
1001
1002 <varlistentry id="tunelp">
1003 <term><command>tunelp</command></term>
1004 <listitem>
1005 <para>Tunes the parameters of the line printer</para>
1006 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux tunelp">
1007 <primary sortas="b-tunelp">tunelp</primary>
1008 </indexterm>
1009 </listitem>
1010 </varlistentry>
1011
1012 <varlistentry id="ul">
1013 <term><command>ul</command></term>
1014 <listitem>
1015 <para>A filter for translating underscores into escape sequences
1016 indicating underlining for the terminal in use</para>
1017 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux ul">
1018 <primary sortas="b-ul">ul</primary>
1019 </indexterm>
1020 </listitem>
1021 </varlistentry>
1022
1023 <varlistentry id="umount">
1024 <term><command>umount</command></term>
1025 <listitem>
1026 <para>Disconnects a file system from the system's file tree</para>
1027 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux umount">
1028 <primary sortas="b-umount">umount</primary>
1029 </indexterm>
1030 </listitem>
1031 </varlistentry>
1032
1033 <varlistentry id="unshare">
1034 <term><command>unshare</command></term>
1035 <listitem>
1036 <para>Runs a program with some namespaces unshared from parent</para>
1037 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux unshare">
1038 <primary sortas="b-unshare">unshare</primary>
1039 </indexterm>
1040 </listitem>
1041 </varlistentry>
1042
1043 <varlistentry id="utmpdump">
1044 <term><command>utmpdump</command></term>
1045 <listitem>
1046 <para>Displays the content of the given login file in a more
1047 user-friendly format</para>
1048 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux utmpdump">
1049 <primary sortas="b-utmpdump">utmpdump</primary>
1050 </indexterm>
1051 </listitem>
1052 </varlistentry>
1053
1054 <varlistentry id="uuidd">
1055 <term><command>uuidd</command></term>
1056 <listitem>
1057 <para>A daemon used by the UUID library to generate time-based
1058 UUIDs in a secure and guranteed-unique fashion.</para>
1059 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux uuidd">
1060 <primary sortas="b-uuidd">uuidd</primary>
1061 </indexterm>
1062 </listitem>
1063 </varlistentry>
1064
1065 <varlistentry id="uuidgen">
1066 <term><command>uuidgen</command></term>
1067 <listitem>
1068 <para>Creates new UUIDs. Each new UUID can reasonably be considered
1069 unique among all UUIDs created, on the local system and on other
1070 systems, in the past and in the future</para>
1071 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux uuidgen">
1072 <primary sortas="b-uuidgen">uuidgen</primary>
1073 </indexterm>
1074 </listitem>
1075 </varlistentry>
1076
1077 <varlistentry id="wall">
1078 <term><command>wall</command></term>
1079 <listitem>
1080 <para>Writes a message to all logged-in users</para>
1081 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux wall">
1082 <primary sortas="b-wall">wall</primary>
1083 </indexterm>
1084 </listitem>
1085 </varlistentry>
1086
1087 <varlistentry id="wdctl">
1088 <term><command>wdctl</command></term>
1089 <listitem>
1090 <para>Show hardware watchdog status</para>
1091 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux wdctl">
1092 <primary sortas="b-uuidgen">wdctl</primary>
1093 </indexterm>
1094 </listitem>
1095 </varlistentry>
1096
1097 <varlistentry id="whereis">
1098 <term><command>whereis</command></term>
1099 <listitem>
1100 <para>Reports the location of the binary, source, and man page
1101 for the given command</para>
1102 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux whereis">
1103 <primary sortas="b-whereis">whereis</primary>
1104 </indexterm>
1105 </listitem>
1106 </varlistentry>
1107
1108 <varlistentry id="wipefs">
1109 <term><command>wipefs</command></term>
1110 <listitem>
1111 <para>Wipes a filesystem signature from a device</para>
1112 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux wipefs">
1113 <primary sortas="b-wipefs">wipefs</primary>
1114 </indexterm>
1115 </listitem>
1116 </varlistentry>
1117
1118 <varlistentry id="write">
1119 <term><command>write</command></term>
1120 <listitem>
1121 <para>Sends a message to the given user <emphasis>if</emphasis> that
1122 user has not disabled receipt of such messages</para>
1123 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux write">
1124 <primary sortas="b-write">write</primary>
1125 </indexterm>
1126 </listitem>
1127 </varlistentry>
1128
1129 <varlistentry id="libblkid">
1130 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libblkid</filename></term>
1131 <listitem>
1132 <para>Contains routines for device identification and token
1133 extraction</para>
1134 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux libblkid">
1135 <primary sortas="c-libblkid">libblkid</primary>
1136 </indexterm>
1137 </listitem>
1138 </varlistentry>
1139
1140 <varlistentry id="libmount">
1141 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmount</filename></term>
1142 <listitem>
1143 <para>Contains routines for parsing the
1144 <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>, <filename>/etc/mtab</filename>,
1145 and <filename>/proc/self/mountinfo</filename> files, managing
1146 <filename>/etc/mtab</filename>, and configuring various mount
1147 options</para>
1148 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux libmount">
1149 <primary sortas="c-libmount">libmount</primary>
1150 </indexterm>
1151 </listitem>
1152 </varlistentry>
1153
1154 <varlistentry id="libuuid">
1155 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libuuid</filename></term>
1156 <listitem>
1157 <para>Contains routines for generating unique identifiers for objects
1158 that may be accessible beyond the local system</para>
1159 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux libuuid">
1160 <primary sortas="c-libuuid">libuuid</primary>
1161 </indexterm>
1162 </listitem>
1163 </varlistentry>
1164
1165 </variablelist>
1166
1167 </sect2>
1168
1169</sect1>
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