source: BOOK/final-system/common/util-linux.xml@ 75af1d9

clfs-3.0.0-systemd clfs-3.0.0-sysvinit systemd sysvinit
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[3f8be484]1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
[aa18ac0]2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
[3f8be484]4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
[9fedd70f]8<sect1 id="ch-system-util-linux" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="util-linux.html"?>
[3f8be484]10
[9fedd70f]11 <title>Util-linux-&util-linux-version;</title>
[3f8be484]12
[9fedd70f]13 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux">
14 <primary sortas="a-Util-linux">Util-linux</primary>
[3f8be484]15 </indexterm>
16
17 <sect2 role="package">
18 <title/>
19
[9fedd70f]20 <para>The Util-linux package contains miscellaneous utility programs.
[3f8be484]21 Among them are utilities for handling file systems, consoles, partitions,
22 and messages.</para>
23
24 </sect2>
25
[9fedd70f]26 <sect2 id="fhs-util-linux" role="installation">
[3f8be484]27 <title>FHS compliance notes</title>
28
29 <para>The FHS recommends using the <filename
30 class="directory">/var/lib/hwclock</filename> directory instead of the
31 usual <filename class="directory">/etc</filename> directory as the
32 location for the <filename>adjtime</filename> file. To make the
33 <command>hwclock</command> program FHS-compliant, run the following:</para>
34
[d026927]35<screen><userinput>sed -i -e 's@etc/adjtime@var/lib/hwclock/adjtime@g' \
[fa70235]36 $(grep -rl '/etc/adjtime' .)
[a40edab]37mkdir -pv /var/lib/hwclock</userinput></screen>
[3f8be484]38
39 </sect2>
40
41 <sect2 role="installation">
[9fedd70f]42 <title>Installation of Util-linux</title>
[3f8be484]43
[9fedd70f]44 <para os="a">Prepare Util-linux for compilation:</para>
[3f8be484]45
[9277897]46<screen os="b"><userinput>./configure --enable-write</userinput></screen>
[3f8be484]47
[17e4e83]48 <variablelist os="c">
49 <title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
50
51 <varlistentry>
52 <term><parameter>--enable-write</parameter></term>
53 <listitem>
54 <para>This option allows the <command>write</command> program to be
55 installed.</para>
56 </listitem>
57 </varlistentry>
58
59 </variablelist>
60
61 <para os="d">Compile the package:</para>
62
63<screen os="e"><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
64
[686839b]65 <para os="f">To test the results, issue:</para>
66
67<screen os="f2"><userinput remap="test">chown -Rv dummy . &amp;&amp;
68su dummy -s /bin/bash -c "PATH=$PATH make -k check"</userinput></screen>
[3f8be484]69
[46423ee]70 <para os="g">Install the package:</para>
[3f8be484]71
[46423ee]72<screen os="h"><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
[3f8be484]73
74 </sect2>
75
[9fedd70f]76 <sect2 id="contents-util-linux" role="content">
77 <title>Contents of Util-linux</title>
[3f8be484]78
79 <segmentedlist>
80 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
[98c59fa]81 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
[61ad0b7f]82 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
[3f8be484]83
84 <seglistitem>
[8c09b88]85 <seg>addpart, agetty, blkdiscard, blkid, blockdev, cal, cfdisk, chcpu,
[2b220db9]86 chrt, col, colcrt, colrm, column, ctrlaltdel, cytune, delpart,
[d9ed6c3]87 dmesg, eject, fallocate, fdformat, fdisk, findfs, findmnt, flock,
88 fsck, fsck.cramfs, fsck.minix, fsfreeze, fstrim, getopt, hexdump,
[86e0296]89 hwclock, ionice, ipcmk, ipcrm, ipcs, isosize, kill, last, lastb (link
90 to last), ldattach, logger, look, losetup, lsblk, lscpu, lslocks,
91 mcookie, mesg, mkfs, mkfs.bfs, mkfs.cramfs, mkfs.minix, mkswap, more,
[59d58ea]92 mount, mountpoint, namei, nologin, nsenter, partx, pg, pivot_root, prlimit,
[0a6ea84]93 raw, readprofile, rename, renice, resizepart, rev, rtcwake, script,
[86e0296]94 scriptreplay, setarch, setsid, setterm, sfdisk, sulogin, swaplabel,
[59d58ea]95 swapoff, swapon, switch_root, tailf, taskset, ul, umount, unshare,
96 utmpdump, uuidd, uuidgen, wall, wdctl, whereis, wipefs, and write</seg>
[ba0660c]97 <seg>libblkid.[a,so], libmount.[a,so], and libuuid.[a,so]</seg>
98 <seg>/usr/include/blkid, /usr/include/libmount, /usr/include/uuid,
[b4bf2c5]99 /usr/share/bash-completion, /usr/share/doc/util-linux/getopt,
100 /var/lib/hwclock</seg>
[3f8be484]101 </seglistitem>
102 </segmentedlist>
103
104 <variablelist>
105 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
106 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
107 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
108
[9e8d8ae]109 <varlistentry id="addpart">
110 <term><command>addpart</command></term>
111 <listitem>
112 <para>Informs the kernel of a new partition</para>
[9fedd70f]113 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux addpart">
[9e8d8ae]114 <primary sortas="b-addpart">addpart</primary>
115 </indexterm>
116 </listitem>
117 </varlistentry>
118
[3f8be484]119 <varlistentry id="agetty">
120 <term><command>agetty</command></term>
121 <listitem>
122 <para>Opens a tty port, prompts for a login name,
123 and then invokes the <command>login</command> program</para>
[9fedd70f]124 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux agetty">
[3f8be484]125 <primary sortas="b-agetty">agetty</primary>
126 </indexterm>
127 </listitem>
128 </varlistentry>
129
[8c09b88]130 <varlistentry id="blkdiscard">
131 <term><command>blkdiscard</command></term>
[2cca6fd]132 <listitem>
[8c09b88]133 <para>Discards sectors on a device</para>
134 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux blkdiscard">
135 <primary sortas="b-blkdiscard">blkdiscard</primary>
[2cca6fd]136 </indexterm>
137 </listitem>
138 </varlistentry>
139
[188b6b2]140 <varlistentry id="blkid">
141 <term><command>blkid</command></term>
142 <listitem>
143 <para>A command line utility to locate and print block device
144 attributes</para>
[9fedd70f]145 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux blkid">
[188b6b2]146 <primary sortas="b-blkid">blkid</primary>
147 </indexterm>
148 </listitem>
149 </varlistentry>
150
[3f8be484]151 <varlistentry id="blockdev">
152 <term><command>blockdev</command></term>
153 <listitem>
154 <para>Allows users to call block device ioctls from the command
155 line</para>
[9fedd70f]156 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux blockdev">
[3f8be484]157 <primary sortas="b-blockdev">blockdev</primary>
158 </indexterm>
159 </listitem>
160 </varlistentry>
161
162 <varlistentry id="cal">
163 <term><command>cal</command></term>
164 <listitem>
165 <para>Displays a simple calendar</para>
[9fedd70f]166 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux cal">
[3f8be484]167 <primary sortas="b-cal">cal</primary>
168 </indexterm>
169 </listitem>
170 </varlistentry>
171
172 <varlistentry id="cfdisk">
173 <term><command>cfdisk</command></term>
174 <listitem>
175 <para>Manipulates the partition table of the given device</para>
[9fedd70f]176 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux cfdisk">
[3f8be484]177 <primary sortas="b-cfdisk">cfdisk</primary>
178 </indexterm>
179 </listitem>
180 </varlistentry>
181
[2b220db9]182 <varlistentry id="chcpu">
183 <term><command>chcpu</command></term>
[3f8be484]184 <listitem>
[2b220db9]185 <para>Utility to configure CPUs</para>
186 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux chcpu">
187 <primary sortas="b-chcpu">chcpu</primary>
[3f8be484]188 </indexterm>
189 </listitem>
190 </varlistentry>
191
[427015f]192 <varlistentry id="chrt">
193 <term><command>chrt</command></term>
194 <listitem>
195 <para>Manipulates real-time attributes of a process</para>
[9fedd70f]196 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux chrt">
[427015f]197 <primary sortas="b-chrt">chrt</primary>
198 </indexterm>
199 </listitem>
200 </varlistentry>
201
[3f8be484]202 <varlistentry id="col">
203 <term><command>col</command></term>
204 <listitem>
205 <para>Filters out reverse line feeds</para>
[9fedd70f]206 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux col">
[3f8be484]207 <primary sortas="b-col">col</primary>
208 </indexterm>
209 </listitem>
210 </varlistentry>
211
212 <varlistentry id="colcrt">
213 <term><command>colcrt</command></term>
214 <listitem>
215 <para>Filters <command>nroff</command> output for terminals
216 that lack some capabilities, such as overstriking and half-lines</para>
[9fedd70f]217 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux colcrt">
[3f8be484]218 <primary sortas="b-colcrt">colcrt</primary>
219 </indexterm>
220 </listitem>
221 </varlistentry>
222
223 <varlistentry id="colrm">
224 <term><command>colrm</command></term>
225 <listitem>
226 <para>Filters out the given columns</para>
[9fedd70f]227 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux colrm">
[3f8be484]228 <primary sortas="b-colrm">colrm</primary>
229 </indexterm>
230 </listitem>
231 </varlistentry>
232
233 <varlistentry id="column">
234 <term><command>column</command></term>
235 <listitem>
236 <para>Formats a given file into multiple columns</para>
[9fedd70f]237 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux column">
[3f8be484]238 <primary sortas="b-column">column</primary>
239 </indexterm>
240 </listitem>
241 </varlistentry>
242
243 <varlistentry id="ctrlaltdel">
244 <term><command>ctrlaltdel</command></term>
245 <listitem>
246 <para>Sets the function of the Ctrl+Alt+Del key combination to a
247 hard or a soft reset</para>
[9fedd70f]248 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux ctrlaltdel">
[3f8be484]249 <primary sortas="b-ctrlaltdel">ctrlaltdel</primary>
250 </indexterm>
251 </listitem>
252 </varlistentry>
253
254 <varlistentry id="cytune">
255 <term><command>cytune</command></term>
256 <listitem>
257 <para>Tunes the parameters of the serial line drivers for
258 Cyclades cards</para>
[9fedd70f]259 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux cytune">
[3f8be484]260 <primary sortas="b-cytune">cytune</primary>
261 </indexterm>
262 </listitem>
263 </varlistentry>
264
265 <varlistentry id="ddate">
266 <term><command>ddate</command></term>
267 <listitem>
268 <para>Gives the Discordian date or converts the given Gregorian date
269 to a Discordian one</para>
[9fedd70f]270 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux ddate">
[3f8be484]271 <primary sortas="b-ddate">ddate</primary>
272 </indexterm>
273 </listitem>
274 </varlistentry>
275
[9e8d8ae]276 <varlistentry id="delpart">
277 <term><command>delpart</command></term>
278 <listitem>
279 <para>Asks the kernel to remove a partition</para>
[9fedd70f]280 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux delpart">
[9e8d8ae]281 <primary sortas="b-delpart">delpart</primary>
282 </indexterm>
283 </listitem>
284 </varlistentry>
285
[3f8be484]286 <varlistentry id="dmesg">
287 <term><command>dmesg</command></term>
288 <listitem>
289 <para>Dumps the kernel boot messages</para>
[9fedd70f]290 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux dmesg">
[3f8be484]291 <primary sortas="b-dmesg">dmesg</primary>
292 </indexterm>
293 </listitem>
294 </varlistentry>
295
[d9ed6c3]296 <varlistentry id="eject">
297 <term><command>eject</command></term>
298 <listitem>
299 <para>Eject removable media</para>
300 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux eject">
301 <primary sortas="b-dmesg">eject</primary>
302 </indexterm>
303 </listitem>
304 </varlistentry>
305
[ba0660c]306 <varlistentry id="fallocate">
307 <term><command>fallocate</command></term>
308 <listitem>
309 <para>Preallocates space to a file</para>
310 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux fallocate">
311 <primary sortas="b-fallocate">fallocate</primary>
312 </indexterm>
313 </listitem>
314 </varlistentry>
315
[3f8be484]316 <varlistentry id="fdformat">
317 <term><command>fdformat</command></term>
318 <listitem>
319 <para>Low-level formats a floppy disk</para>
[9fedd70f]320 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux fdformat">
[3f8be484]321 <primary sortas="b-fdformat">fdformat</primary>
322 </indexterm>
323 </listitem>
324 </varlistentry>
325
326 <varlistentry id="fdisk">
327 <term><command>fdisk</command></term>
328 <listitem>
329 <para>Manipulates the partition table of the given device</para>
[9fedd70f]330 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux fdisk">
[3f8be484]331 <primary sortas="b-fdisk">fdisk</primary>
332 </indexterm>
333 </listitem>
334 </varlistentry>
335
[188b6b2]336 <varlistentry id="findfs">
337 <term><command>findfs</command></term>
338 <listitem>
339 <para>Finds a file system by label or Universally Unique Identifier
340 (UUID)</para>
[9fedd70f]341 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux findfs">
[188b6b2]342 <primary sortas="b-findfs">findfs</primary>
343 </indexterm>
344 </listitem>
345 </varlistentry>
346
[ba0660c]347 <varlistentry id="findmnt">
348 <term><command>findmnt</command></term>
349 <listitem>
350 <para>Lists mounted filesystems or searches for a filesystem</para>
351 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux findmnt">
352 <primary sortas="b-findmnt">findmnt</primary>
353 </indexterm>
354 </listitem>
355 </varlistentry>
356
[e29fb58]357 <varlistentry id="flock">
358 <term><command>flock</command></term>
359 <listitem>
360 <para>Acquires a file lock and then executes a command with the lock
361 held</para>
[9fedd70f]362 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux flock">
[e29fb58]363 <primary sortas="b-flock">flock</primary>
364 </indexterm>
365 </listitem>
366 </varlistentry>
367
[bed3adf]368 <varlistentry id="fsck">
369 <term><command>fsck</command></term>
370 <listitem>
371 <para>Is used to check, and optionally repair, file systems</para>
[9fedd70f]372 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux fsck">
[bed3adf]373 <primary sortas="b-fsck">fsck</primary>
374 </indexterm>
375 </listitem>
376 </varlistentry>
377
[3f8be484]378 <varlistentry id="fsck.cramfs">
379 <term><command>fsck.cramfs</command></term>
380 <listitem>
381 <para>Performs a consistency check on the Cramfs file system on the
382 given device</para>
[9fedd70f]383 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux fsck.cramfs">
[3f8be484]384 <primary sortas="b-fsck.cramfs">fsck.cramfs</primary>
385 </indexterm>
386 </listitem>
387 </varlistentry>
388
389 <varlistentry id="fsck.minix">
390 <term><command>fsck.minix</command></term>
391 <listitem>
392 <para>Performs a consistency check on the Minix file system on the
393 given device</para>
[9fedd70f]394 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux fsck.minix">
[3f8be484]395 <primary sortas="b-fsck.minix">fsck.minix</primary>
396 </indexterm>
397 </listitem>
398 </varlistentry>
399
[ba0660c]400 <varlistentry id="fsfreeze">
401 <term><command>fsfreeze</command></term>
402 <listitem>
403 <para>Suspends and resumes access to a filesystem</para>
404 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux fsfreeze">
405 <primary sortas="b-fsfreeze">fsfreeze</primary>
406 </indexterm>
407 </listitem>
408 </varlistentry>
409
410 <varlistentry id="fstrim">
411 <term><command>fstrim</command></term>
412 <listitem>
413 <para>Discards unused blocks on a mounted filesystem</para>
[91b8781]414 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux fstrim">
[ba0660c]415 <primary sortas="b-fstrim">fstrim</primary>
416 </indexterm>
417 </listitem>
418 </varlistentry>
419
[3f8be484]420 <varlistentry id="getopt">
421 <term><command>getopt</command></term>
422 <listitem>
423 <para>Parses options in the given command line</para>
[9fedd70f]424 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux getopt">
[3f8be484]425 <primary sortas="b-getopt">getopt</primary>
426 </indexterm>
427 </listitem>
428 </varlistentry>
429
430 <varlistentry id="hexdump">
431 <term><command>hexdump</command></term>
432 <listitem>
433 <para>Dumps the given file in hexadecimal or in another given
434 format</para>
[9fedd70f]435 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux hexdump">
[3f8be484]436 <primary sortas="b-hexdump">hexdump</primary>
437 </indexterm>
438 </listitem>
439 </varlistentry>
440
441 <varlistentry id="hwclock">
442 <term><command>hwclock</command></term>
443 <listitem>
444 <para>Reads or sets the system's hardware clock, also called
445 the Real-Time Clock (RTC) or Basic Input-Output System (BIOS)
446 clock</para>
[9fedd70f]447 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux hwclock">
[3f8be484]448 <primary sortas="b-hwclock">hwclock</primary>
449 </indexterm>
450 </listitem>
451 </varlistentry>
452
[9e8d8ae]453 <varlistentry id="ionice">
454 <term><command>ionice</command></term>
455 <listitem>
456 <para>Gives and sets program I/O scheduling class and priority</para>
[9fedd70f]457 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux ionice">
[9e8d8ae]458 <primary sortas="b-ionice">ionice</primary>
459 </indexterm>
460 </listitem>
461 </varlistentry>
462
[2cca6fd]463 <varlistentry id="ipcmk">
464 <term><command>ipcmk</command></term>
465 <listitem>
466 <para>Creates various IPC resources</para>
[9fedd70f]467 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux ipcmk">
[2cca6fd]468 <primary sortas="b-ipcmk">ipcmk</primary>
469 </indexterm>
470 </listitem>
471 </varlistentry>
472
[188b6b2]473 <varlistentry id="ipcrm">
474 <term><command>ipcrm</command></term>
475 <listitem>
476 <para>Removes the given Inter-Process Communication (IPC) resource</para>
[9fedd70f]477 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux ipcrm">
[188b6b2]478 <primary sortas="b-ipcrm">ipcrm</primary>
479 </indexterm>
480 </listitem>
481 </varlistentry>
482
[3f8be484]483 <varlistentry id="ipcs">
484 <term><command>ipcs</command></term>
485 <listitem>
486 <para>Provides IPC status information</para>
[9fedd70f]487 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux ipcs">
[3f8be484]488 <primary sortas="b-ipcs">ipcs</primary>
489 </indexterm>
490 </listitem>
491 </varlistentry>
492
493 <varlistentry id="isosize">
494 <term><command>isosize</command></term>
495 <listitem>
496 <para>Reports the size of an iso9660 file system</para>
[9fedd70f]497 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux isosize">
[3f8be484]498 <primary sortas="b-isosize">isosize</primary>
499 </indexterm>
500 </listitem>
501 </varlistentry>
[5cc122c4]502
[748aac4]503 <varlistentry id="kill">
504 <term><command>kill</command></term>
[5cc122c4]505 <listitem>
[748aac4]506 <para>Send a signal to a process</para>
507 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux kill">
508 <primary sortas="b-kill">kill</primary>
509 </indexterm>
510 </listitem>
511 </varlistentry>
512
[86e0296]513 <varlistentry id="last">
514 <term><command>last</command></term>
515 <listitem>
516 <para>Shows which users last logged in (and out), searching back
517 through the <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> file; it also shows
518 system boots, shutdowns, and run-level changes</para>
519 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux last">
520 <primary sortas="b-last">last</primary>
521 </indexterm>
522 </listitem>
523 </varlistentry>
524
525 <varlistentry id="lastb">
526 <term><command>lastb</command></term>
527 <listitem>
528 <para>Shows the failed login attempts, as logged in
529 <filename>/var/log/btmp</filename></para>
530 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux lastb">
531 <primary sortas="b-lastb">lastb</primary>
[5cc122c4]532 </indexterm>
533 </listitem>
534 </varlistentry>
[3f8be484]535
[5cc122c4]536 <varlistentry id="ldattach">
537 <term><command>ldattach</command></term>
[3f8be484]538 <listitem>
[5cc122c4]539 <para>Attaches a line discipline to a serial line</para>
[9fedd70f]540 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux ldattach">
[5cc122c4]541 <primary sortas="b-ldattach">ldattach</primary>
[3f8be484]542 </indexterm>
543 </listitem>
544 </varlistentry>
545
546 <varlistentry id="logger">
547 <term><command>logger</command></term>
548 <listitem>
549 <para>Enters the given message into the system log</para>
[9fedd70f]550 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux logger">
[3f8be484]551 <primary sortas="b-logger">logger</primary>
552 </indexterm>
553 </listitem>
554 </varlistentry>
555
556 <varlistentry id="look">
557 <term><command>look</command></term>
558 <listitem>
559 <para>Displays lines that begin with the given string</para>
[9fedd70f]560 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux look">
[3f8be484]561 <primary sortas="b-look">look</primary>
562 </indexterm>
563 </listitem>
564 </varlistentry>
565
566 <varlistentry id="losetup">
567 <term><command>losetup</command></term>
568 <listitem>
569 <para>Sets up and controls loop devices</para>
[9fedd70f]570 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux losetup">
[3f8be484]571 <primary sortas="b-losetup">losetup</primary>
572 </indexterm>
573 </listitem>
574 </varlistentry>
575
[ba0660c]576 <varlistentry id="lsblk">
577 <term><command>lsblk</command></term>
578 <listitem>
579 <para>Prints information about block devices</para>
580 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux lsblk">
581 <primary sortas="b-lsblk">lsblk</primary>
582 </indexterm>
583 </listitem>
584 </varlistentry>
585
[2cca6fd]586 <varlistentry id="lscpu">
587 <term><command>lscpu</command></term>
588 <listitem>
[fe8dce3]589 <para>Prints CPU architecture information</para>
[9fedd70f]590 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux lscpu">
[2cca6fd]591 <primary sortas="b-lscpu">lscpu</primary>
592 </indexterm>
593 </listitem>
594 </varlistentry>
595
[2b220db9]596 <varlistentry id="lslocks">
597 <term><command>lslocks</command></term>
598 <listitem>
599 <para>Lists local system locks</para>
600 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux lslocks">
601 <primary sortas="b-lslocks">lslocks</primary>
602 </indexterm>
603 </listitem>
604 </varlistentry>
605
[3f8be484]606 <varlistentry id="mcookie">
607 <term><command>mcookie</command></term>
608 <listitem>
609 <para>Generates magic cookies (128-bit random hexadecimal numbers) for
610 <command>xauth</command></para>
[9fedd70f]611 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux mcookie">
[3f8be484]612 <primary sortas="b-mcookie">mcookie</primary>
613 </indexterm>
614 </listitem>
615 </varlistentry>
616
[86e0296]617 <varlistentry id="mesg">
618 <term><command>mesg</command></term>
619 <listitem>
620 <para>Controls whether other users can send messages to the current
621 user's terminal</para>
622 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux mesg">
623 <primary sortas="b-mesg">mesg</primary>
624 </indexterm>
625 </listitem>
626 </varlistentry>
627
[3f8be484]628 <varlistentry id="mkfs">
629 <term><command>mkfs</command></term>
630 <listitem>
631 <para>Builds a file system on a device (usually a hard disk
632 partition)</para>
[9fedd70f]633 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux mkfs">
[3f8be484]634 <primary sortas="b-mkfs">mkfs</primary>
635 </indexterm>
636 </listitem>
637 </varlistentry>
638
639 <varlistentry id="mkfs.bfs">
640 <term><command>mkfs.bfs</command></term>
641 <listitem>
642 <para>Creates a Santa Cruz Operations (SCO) bfs file system</para>
[9fedd70f]643 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux mkfs.bfs">
[3f8be484]644 <primary sortas="b-mkfs.bfs">mkfs.bfs</primary>
645 </indexterm>
646 </listitem>
647 </varlistentry>
648
649 <varlistentry id="mkfs.cramfs">
650 <term><command>mkfs.cramfs</command></term>
651 <listitem>
652 <para>Creates a cramfs file system</para>
[9fedd70f]653 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux mkfs.cramfs">
[3f8be484]654 <primary sortas="b-mkfs.cramfs">mkfs.cramfs</primary>
655 </indexterm>
656 </listitem>
657 </varlistentry>
658
659 <varlistentry id="mkfs.minix">
660 <term><command>mkfs.minix</command></term>
661 <listitem>
662 <para>Creates a Minix file system</para>
[9fedd70f]663 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux mkfs.minix">
[3f8be484]664 <primary sortas="b-mkfs.minix">mkfs.minix</primary>
665 </indexterm>
666 </listitem>
667 </varlistentry>
668
669 <varlistentry id="mkswap">
670 <term><command>mkswap</command></term>
671 <listitem>
672 <para>Initializes the given device or file to be used as a swap
673 area</para>
[9fedd70f]674 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux mkswap">
[3f8be484]675 <primary sortas="b-mkswap">mkswap</primary>
676 </indexterm>
677 </listitem>
678 </varlistentry>
679
680 <varlistentry id="more">
681 <term><command>more</command></term>
682 <listitem>
683 <para>A filter for paging through text one screen at a time</para>
[9fedd70f]684 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux more">
[3f8be484]685 <primary sortas="b-more">more</primary>
686 </indexterm>
687 </listitem>
688 </varlistentry>
689
690 <varlistentry id="mount">
691 <term><command>mount</command></term>
692 <listitem>
693 <para>Attaches the file system on the given device to a specified
694 directory in the file-system tree</para>
[9fedd70f]695 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux mount">
[3f8be484]696 <primary sortas="b-mount">mount</primary>
697 </indexterm>
698 </listitem>
699 </varlistentry>
700
[8724dd0]701 <varlistentry id="mountpoint">
702 <term><command>mountpoint</command></term>
703 <listitem>
704 <para>Tells you whether or not a directory is a mount point.</para>
705 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux mountpoint">
706 <primary sortas="b-mountpoint">mountpoint</primary>
707 </indexterm>
708 </listitem>
709 </varlistentry>
710
[3f8be484]711 <varlistentry id="namei">
712 <term><command>namei</command></term>
713 <listitem>
714 <para>Shows the symbolic links in the given pathnames</para>
[9fedd70f]715 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux namei">
[3f8be484]716 <primary sortas="b-namei">namei</primary>
717 </indexterm>
718 </listitem>
719 </varlistentry>
720
[0a6ea84]721 <varlistentry id="nologin">
722 <term><command>nologin</command></term>
723 <listitem>
724 <para>Displays a message that an account is not available. Designed
725 to be used as the default shell for accounts that have been
726 disabled</para>
727 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux nologin">
728 <primary sortas="b-nologin">nologin</primary>
729 </indexterm>
730 </listitem>
731 </varlistentry>
732
[59d58ea]733 <varlistentry id="nsenter">
734 <term><command>nsenter</command></term>
735 <listitem>
736 <para>Runs a program with namespaces of other processes</para>
737 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux nsenter">
738 <primary sortas="b-nsenter">nsenter</primary>
739 </indexterm>
740 </listitem>
741 </varlistentry>
742
[9e8d8ae]743 <varlistentry id="partx">
744 <term><command>partx</command></term>
745 <listitem>
746 <para>Tells the kernel about the presence and numbering of on-disk
747 partitions</para>
[9fedd70f]748 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux partx">
[9e8d8ae]749 <primary sortas="b-partx">partx</primary>
750 </indexterm>
751 </listitem>
752 </varlistentry>
753
[3f8be484]754 <varlistentry id="pg">
755 <term><command>pg</command></term>
756 <listitem>
757 <para>Displays a text file one screen full at a time</para>
[9fedd70f]758 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux pg">
[3f8be484]759 <primary sortas="b-pg">pg</primary>
760 </indexterm>
761 </listitem>
762 </varlistentry>
763
764 <varlistentry id="pivot_root">
765 <term><command>pivot_root</command></term>
766 <listitem>
767 <para>Makes the given file system the new root file system of the
768 current process</para>
[9fedd70f]769 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux pivot_root">
[3f8be484]770 <primary sortas="b-pivot_root">pivot_root</primary>
771 </indexterm>
772 </listitem>
773 </varlistentry>
774
[2b220db9]775 <varlistentry id="prlimit">
776 <term><command>prlimit</command></term>
777 <listitem>
778 <para>Gets and sets a process' resource limits</para>
779 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux prlimit">
780 <primary sortas="b-prlimit">prlimit</primary>
781 </indexterm>
782 </listitem>
783 </varlistentry>
784
785 <varlistentry id="raw">
786 <term><command>raw</command></term>
787 <listitem>
788 <para>Binds a Linux raw character device to a block device</para>
789 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux raw">
790 <primary sortas="b-raw">raw</primary>
791 </indexterm>
792 </listitem>
793 </varlistentry>
794
[3f8be484]795 <varlistentry id="readprofile">
796 <term><command>readprofile</command></term>
797 <listitem>
798 <para>Reads kernel profiling information</para>
[9fedd70f]799 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux readprofile">
[3f8be484]800 <primary sortas="b-readprofile">readprofile</primary>
801 </indexterm>
802 </listitem>
803 </varlistentry>
804
805 <varlistentry id="rename">
806 <term><command>rename</command></term>
807 <listitem>
808 <para>Renames the given files, replacing a given string with
809 another</para>
[9fedd70f]810 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux rename">
[3f8be484]811 <primary sortas="b-rename">rename</primary>
812 </indexterm>
813 </listitem>
814 </varlistentry>
815
816 <varlistentry id="renice">
817 <term><command>renice</command></term>
818 <listitem>
819 <para>Alters the priority of running processes</para>
[9fedd70f]820 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux renice">
[3f8be484]821 <primary sortas="b-renice">renice</primary>
822 </indexterm>
823 </listitem>
824 </varlistentry>
825
[2b220db9]826 <varlistentry id="resizepart">
827 <term><command>resizepart</command></term>
828 <listitem>
829 <para>Asks the Linux kernel to resize a partition</para>
830 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux resizepart">
831 <primary sortas="b-resizepart">resizepart</primary>
832 </indexterm>
833 </listitem>
834 </varlistentry>
835
[3f8be484]836 <varlistentry id="rev">
837 <term><command>rev</command></term>
838 <listitem>
839 <para>Reverses the lines of a given file</para>
[9fedd70f]840 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux rev">
[3f8be484]841 <primary sortas="b-rev">rev</primary>
842 </indexterm>
843 </listitem>
844 </varlistentry>
845
[9e8d8ae]846 <varlistentry id="rtcwake">
847 <term><command>rtcwake</command></term>
848 <listitem>
849 <para>Enters a system sleep state until a specified wakeup time</para>
[9fedd70f]850 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux rtcwake">
[9e8d8ae]851 <primary sortas="b-rtcwake">rtcwake</primary>
852 </indexterm>
853 </listitem>
854 </varlistentry>
855
[3f8be484]856 <varlistentry id="script">
857 <term><command>script</command></term>
858 <listitem>
859 <para>Makes a typescript of a terminal session</para>
[9fedd70f]860 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux script">
[3f8be484]861 <primary sortas="b-script">script</primary>
862 </indexterm>
863 </listitem>
864 </varlistentry>
865
[9e8d8ae]866 <varlistentry id="scriptreplay">
867 <term><command>scriptreplay</command></term>
868 <listitem>
869 <para>Plays back typescripts created by <command>script</command></para>
[9fedd70f]870 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux scriptreplay">
[9e8d8ae]871 <primary sortas="b-scriptreplay">scriptreplay</primary>
872 </indexterm>
873 </listitem>
874 </varlistentry>
875
876 <varlistentry id="setarch">
877 <term><command>setarch</command></term>
878 <listitem>
879 <para>Changes reported architecture in new program environment and
880 sets personality flags</para>
[9fedd70f]881 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux setarch">
[9e8d8ae]882 <primary sortas="b-setarch">setarch</primary>
883 </indexterm>
884 </listitem>
885 </varlistentry>
886
[3f8be484]887 <varlistentry id="setsid">
888 <term><command>setsid</command></term>
889 <listitem>
890 <para>Runs the given program in a new session</para>
[9fedd70f]891 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux setsid">
[3f8be484]892 <primary sortas="b-setsid">setsid</primary>
893 </indexterm>
894 </listitem>
895 </varlistentry>
896
897 <varlistentry id="setterm">
898 <term><command>setterm</command></term>
899 <listitem>
900 <para>Sets terminal attributes</para>
[9fedd70f]901 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux setterm">
[3f8be484]902 <primary sortas="b-setterm">setterm</primary>
903 </indexterm>
904 </listitem>
905 </varlistentry>
906
907 <varlistentry id="sfdisk">
908 <term><command>sfdisk</command></term>
909 <listitem>
910 <para>A disk partition table manipulator</para>
[9fedd70f]911 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux sfdisk">
[3f8be484]912 <primary sortas="b-sfdisk">sfdisk</primary>
913 </indexterm>
914 </listitem>
915 </varlistentry>
916
[996b49f5]917 <varlistentry id="sulogin">
918 <term><command>sulogin</command></term>
919 <listitem>
920 <para>Allows <emphasis>root</emphasis> to log in; it is normally
921 invoked by <command>init</command> when the system goes into single
922 user mode</para>
923 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux sulogin">
924 <primary sortas="b-sulogin">sulogin</primary>
925 </indexterm>
926 </listitem>
927 </varlistentry>
928
[ba0660c]929 <varlistentry id="swaplabel">
930 <term><command>swaplabel</command></term>
931 <listitem>
932 <para>Prints or changes the label or UUID of a swap area</para>
933 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux swaplabel">
934 <primary sortas="b-swaplabel">swaplabel</primary>
935 </indexterm>
936 </listitem>
937 </varlistentry>
938
[3f8be484]939 <varlistentry id="swapoff">
940 <term><command>swapoff</command></term>
941 <listitem>
942 <para>Disables devices and files for paging and swapping</para>
[9fedd70f]943 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux swapoff">
[3f8be484]944 <primary sortas="b-swapoff">swapoff</primary>
945 </indexterm>
946 </listitem>
947 </varlistentry>
948
949 <varlistentry id="swapon">
950 <term><command>swapon</command></term>
951 <listitem>
952 <para>Enables devices and files for paging and swapping and
953 lists the devices and files currently in use</para>
[9fedd70f]954 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux swapon">
[3f8be484]955 <primary sortas="b-swapon">swapon</primary>
956 </indexterm>
957 </listitem>
958 </varlistentry>
959
[188b6b2]960 <varlistentry id="switch_root">
961 <term><command>switch_root</command></term>
962 <listitem>
963 <para>Switches to another filesystem as the root of the mount tree</para>
[9fedd70f]964 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux switch_root">
[188b6b2]965 <primary sortas="b-switch_root">switch_root</primary>
966 </indexterm>
967 </listitem>
968 </varlistentry>
969
[e29fb58]970 <varlistentry id="tailf">
971 <term><command>tailf</command></term>
972 <listitem>
973 <para>Tracks the growth of a log file. Displays the last 10 lines
974 of a log file, then continues displaying any new entries in the
975 log file as they are created</para>
[9fedd70f]976 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux tailf">
[e29fb58]977 <primary sortas="b-tailf">tailf</primary>
978 </indexterm>
979 </listitem>
980 </varlistentry>
981
[9e8d8ae]982 <varlistentry id="taskset">
983 <term><command>taskset</command></term>
984 <listitem>
985 <para>Retrieves or sets a process's CPU affinity</para>
[9fedd70f]986 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux taskset">
[9e8d8ae]987 <primary sortas="b-taskset">taskset</primary>
988 </indexterm>
989 </listitem>
990 </varlistentry>
991
[3f8be484]992 <varlistentry id="ul">
993 <term><command>ul</command></term>
994 <listitem>
995 <para>A filter for translating underscores into escape sequences
996 indicating underlining for the terminal in use</para>
[9fedd70f]997 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux ul">
[3f8be484]998 <primary sortas="b-ul">ul</primary>
999 </indexterm>
1000 </listitem>
1001 </varlistentry>
1002
1003 <varlistentry id="umount">
1004 <term><command>umount</command></term>
1005 <listitem>
1006 <para>Disconnects a file system from the system's file tree</para>
[9fedd70f]1007 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux umount">
[3f8be484]1008 <primary sortas="b-umount">umount</primary>
1009 </indexterm>
1010 </listitem>
1011 </varlistentry>
1012
[ba0660c]1013 <varlistentry id="unshare">
1014 <term><command>unshare</command></term>
1015 <listitem>
1016 <para>Runs a program with some namespaces unshared from parent</para>
1017 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux unshare">
1018 <primary sortas="b-unshare">unshare</primary>
1019 </indexterm>
1020 </listitem>
1021 </varlistentry>
1022
[2d594b1]1023 <varlistentry id="utmpdump">
1024 <term><command>utmpdump</command></term>
1025 <listitem>
1026 <para>Displays the content of the given login file in a more
1027 user-friendly format</para>
1028 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux utmpdump">
1029 <primary sortas="b-utmpdump">utmpdump</primary>
1030 </indexterm>
1031 </listitem>
1032 </varlistentry>
1033
[188b6b2]1034 <varlistentry id="uuidd">
1035 <term><command>uuidd</command></term>
1036 <listitem>
1037 <para>A daemon used by the UUID library to generate time-based
1038 UUIDs in a secure and guranteed-unique fashion.</para>
[9fedd70f]1039 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux uuidd">
[188b6b2]1040 <primary sortas="b-uuidd">uuidd</primary>
1041 </indexterm>
1042 </listitem>
1043 </varlistentry>
1044
1045 <varlistentry id="uuidgen">
1046 <term><command>uuidgen</command></term>
1047 <listitem>
1048 <para>Creates new UUIDs. Each new UUID can reasonably be considered
1049 unique among all UUIDs created, on the local system and on other
1050 systems, in the past and in the future</para>
[9fedd70f]1051 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux uuidgen">
[188b6b2]1052 <primary sortas="b-uuidgen">uuidgen</primary>
1053 </indexterm>
1054 </listitem>
1055 </varlistentry>
1056
[5a6ba9e]1057 <varlistentry id="wall">
1058 <term><command>wall</command></term>
1059 <listitem>
1060 <para>Writes a message to all logged-in users</para>
1061 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux wall">
1062 <primary sortas="b-wall">wall</primary>
1063 </indexterm>
1064 </listitem>
1065 </varlistentry>
1066
[a318e22]1067 <varlistentry id="wdctl">
1068 <term><command>wdctl</command></term>
1069 <listitem>
1070 <para>Show hardware watchdog status</para>
1071 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux wdctl">
1072 <primary sortas="b-uuidgen">wdctl</primary>
1073 </indexterm>
1074 </listitem>
1075 </varlistentry>
1076
[3f8be484]1077 <varlistentry id="whereis">
1078 <term><command>whereis</command></term>
1079 <listitem>
1080 <para>Reports the location of the binary, source, and man page
1081 for the given command</para>
[9fedd70f]1082 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux whereis">
[3f8be484]1083 <primary sortas="b-whereis">whereis</primary>
1084 </indexterm>
1085 </listitem>
1086 </varlistentry>
1087
[ba0660c]1088 <varlistentry id="wipefs">
1089 <term><command>wipefs</command></term>
1090 <listitem>
1091 <para>Wipes a filesystem signature from a device</para>
1092 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux wipefs">
1093 <primary sortas="b-wipefs">wipefs</primary>
1094 </indexterm>
1095 </listitem>
1096 </varlistentry>
1097
[3f8be484]1098 <varlistentry id="write">
1099 <term><command>write</command></term>
1100 <listitem>
1101 <para>Sends a message to the given user <emphasis>if</emphasis> that
1102 user has not disabled receipt of such messages</para>
[9fedd70f]1103 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux write">
[3f8be484]1104 <primary sortas="b-write">write</primary>
1105 </indexterm>
1106 </listitem>
1107 </varlistentry>
1108
[98c59fa]1109 <varlistentry id="libblkid">
1110 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libblkid</filename></term>
1111 <listitem>
1112 <para>Contains routines for device identification and token
1113 extraction</para>
[9fedd70f]1114 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux libblkid">
[98c59fa]1115 <primary sortas="c-libblkid">libblkid</primary>
1116 </indexterm>
1117 </listitem>
1118 </varlistentry>
1119
[ba0660c]1120 <varlistentry id="libmount">
1121 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmount</filename></term>
1122 <listitem>
1123 <para>Contains routines for parsing the
1124 <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>, <filename>/etc/mtab</filename>,
1125 and <filename>/proc/self/mountinfo</filename> files, managing
1126 <filename>/etc/mtab</filename>, and configuring various mount
1127 options</para>
1128 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux libmount">
1129 <primary sortas="c-libmount">libmount</primary>
1130 </indexterm>
1131 </listitem>
1132 </varlistentry>
1133
[98c59fa]1134 <varlistentry id="libuuid">
1135 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libuuid</filename></term>
1136 <listitem>
1137 <para>Contains routines for generating unique identifiers for objects
1138 that may be accessible beyond the local system</para>
[9fedd70f]1139 <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux libuuid">
[98c59fa]1140 <primary sortas="c-libuuid">libuuid</primary>
1141 </indexterm>
1142 </listitem>
1143 </varlistentry>
1144
[3f8be484]1145 </variablelist>
1146
1147 </sect2>
1148
1149</sect1>
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