source: BOOK/final-system/common/systemd.xml @ 62afd55

clfs-3.0.0-systemdsystemd
Last change on this file since 62afd55 was 62afd55, checked in by Chris Staub <chris@…>, 10 years ago

Avoid running setcap during systemd installation

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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3  "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4  <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
5  %general-entities;
6]>
7<sect1 id="ch-system-systemd" role="wrap">
8  <?dbhtml filename="systemd.html"?>
9
10  <title>Systemd-&systemd-version;</title>
11
12  <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd">
13    <primary sortas="a-systemd">Systemd</primary>
14  </indexterm>
15
16  <sect2 role="package">
17    <title/>
18
19    <para>The systemd package is a system and service manager for Linux
20    operating systems.</para>
21
22  </sect2>
23
24  <sect2 role="installation">
25    <title>Installation of Systemd</title>
26
27    <para os="p1">Systemd 211 merged several libraries into
28    <filename class="libraryfile">libsystemd</filename>, but some packages
29    that use systemd still expect those separate libraries. Apply a patch
30    to allow backwards compatibility with these packages by
31    installing Pkg-config files for the old libraries:</para>
32
33<screen os="p2"><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&systemd-compat-patch;</userinput></screen>
34
35    <para os="s1">Prevent the <filename>Makefile</filename> from trying to run
36    <command>setcap</command> on <command>systemd-detect-virt</command>,
37    which will fail if the kernel or file system does not support extended
38    capabilities:</para>
39
40<screen os="s2"><userinput>sed -i '/virt-install-hook /d' Makefile.in</userinput></screen>
41
42    <para os="s3">The <filename>timesyncd.conf</filename> file contains a
43    reference to a non-existent <filename>timesyncd.conf(5)</filename> man
44    page. Remove that reference to avoid possible confusion:</para>
45
46<screen os="s4"><userinput>sed -i '/timesyncd.conf/d' src/timesync/timesyncd.conf.in</userinput></screen>
47
48    <para os="a">Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
49
50<screen os="b"><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr \
51    --sysconfdir=/etc --localstatedir=/var \
52    --libexecdir=/usr/lib --docdir=/usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version; \
53    --with-rootprefix="" --with-rootlibdir=/lib \
54    --enable-split-usr --disable-gudev --with-kbd-loadkeys=/bin/loadkeys \
55    --with-kbd-setfont=/bin/setfont --with-dbuspolicydir=/etc/dbus-1/system.d \
56    --with-dbusinterfacedir=/usr/share/dbus-1/interfaces \
57    --with-dbussessionservicedir=/usr/share/dbus-1/services \
58    --with-dbussystemservicedir=/usr/share/dbus-1/system-services</userinput></screen>
59
60    <variablelist os="c">
61      <title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
62
63      <varlistentry>
64        <term><parameter>--with-root*</parameter></term>
65        <listitem>
66          <para>These switches ensure that core programs and
67          shared libraries are installed in the subdirectories
68          of the root partition.</para>
69        </listitem>
70      </varlistentry>
71
72      <varlistentry>
73        <term><parameter>--enable-split-usr</parameter></term>
74        <listitem>
75          <para>This switch ensures that systemd will work on
76          systems where /bin, /lib and /sbin directories are not
77          symlinks to their /usr counterparts.</para>
78        </listitem>
79      </varlistentry>
80
81      <varlistentry>
82        <term><parameter>--disable-gudev</parameter></term>
83        <listitem>
84          <para>This switch prevents systemd from building
85          <filename class="libraryfile">libgudev</filename> as it requires
86          Glib, which is not installed in CLFS.</para>
87        </listitem>
88      </varlistentry>
89
90      <varlistentry>
91        <term><parameter>--with-dbus*</parameter></term>
92        <listitem>
93          <para>These switches ensure that D-Bus configuration files get
94          installed to the correct locations.</para>
95        </listitem>
96      </varlistentry>
97    </variablelist>
98
99    <para os="d">Compile the package:</para>
100
101<screen os="e"><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
102
103    <para os="f">Prevent a broken test case from running:</para>
104
105<screen os="g"><userinput remap="test">sed -e "s:test/udev-test.pl::g" \
106    -e "s:test-bus-cleanup\$(EXEEXT) ::g" \
107    -e "s:test-bus-gvariant\$(EXEEXT) ::g" \
108    -i Makefile</userinput></screen>
109
110    <para os="h">To test the results, issue:</para>
111
112<screen os="i"><userinput remap="test">make check</userinput></screen>
113
114    <para os="j">Install the package:</para>
115
116<screen os="k"><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
117
118    <para os="l">Install documentation files that are not installed by default:</para>
119
120<screen os="m"><userinput>install -v -m644 man/*.html /usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version;</userinput></screen>
121
122    <para os="n">Move NSS myhostname library to <filename class="directory">/lib
123</filename>:</para>
124
125<screen os="o"><userinput>mv -v /usr/lib/libnss_myhostname.so.2 /lib</userinput></screen>
126
127    <para os="p">Remove an unnecessary directory:</para>
128
129<screen os="q"><userinput>rm -rfv /usr/lib/rpm</userinput></screen>
130
131    <para os="r">Create symlinks for backwards-compatibility with Sysvinit:</para>
132
133<screen os="s"><userinput>for tool in runlevel reboot shutdown poweroff halt telinit; do
134  ln -sfv ../bin/systemctl /sbin/$tool
135done
136ln -sfv ../lib/systemd/systemd /sbin/init</userinput></screen>
137
138    <para os="t">Modify a configuration file which references a group that
139    doesn't exist:</para>
140
141<screen os="u"><userinput>sed -i "s@root lock@root root@g" /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/legacy.conf</userinput></screen>
142
143  </sect2>
144
145  <sect2 id="conf-systemd" role="configuration">
146    <title>Configuring Systemd</title>
147
148    <indexterm zone="conf-systemd">
149      <primary sortas="a-systemd">systemd</primary>
150    <secondary>configuring</secondary></indexterm>
151
152    <indexterm zone="conf-systemd">
153      <primary sortas="e-/etc/os-release">/etc/os-release</primary>
154    </indexterm>
155
156    <para>Create <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> which is needed
157    by Journald:</para>
158
159<screen><userinput>systemd-machine-id-setup</userinput></screen>
160
161    <para>Create a file to identify the operating system.
162    <command>systemd</command> will use this file on boot to put information
163    on the screen.</para>
164
165<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/os-release &lt;&lt; "EOF"
166# Begin /etc/os-release
167
168NAME=Cross-LFS
169ID=clfs
170
171PRETTY_NAME=Cross Linux From Scratch
172ANSI_COLOR=0;33
173
174VERSION=&version;
175VERSION_ID=&versionid;
176
177# End /etc/os-release
178EOF</userinput></screen>
179
180  </sect2>
181
182  <sect2 id="contents-systemd" role="content">
183    <title>Contents of Systemd</title>
184
185    <segmentedlist>
186      <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
187      <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
188      <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
189
190      <seglistitem>
191        <seg>bootctl, busctl, halt (link to systemctl), hostnamectl,
192        init (link to systemd), journalctl, kernel-install, localectl, loginctl,
193        machinectl, poweroff (link to systemctl), reboot (link to systemctl),
194        runlevel (link to systemctl), shutdown (link to systemctl),
195        systemctl, system-analyze, systemd-ask-password, systemd-cat,
196        systemd-cgls, systemd-cgtop, systemd-coredumpctl, systemd-delta,
197        systemd-detect-virt, systemd-inhibit, systemd-machine-id-setup,
198        systemd-notify, systemd-nspawn, systemd-run, systemd-stdio-bridge
199        (link to systemd-bus-proxyd), systemd-tmpfiles,
200        systemd-tty-ask-password-agent, telinit (link to systemctl),
201        timedatectl, udevadm</seg>
202        <seg>libnss_myhostname.so, libsystemd.so, libudev.so</seg>
203        <seg>/etc/binfmt.d, /etc/init.d, /etc/kernel, /etc/modules-load.d,
204        /etc/sysctl.d, /etc/systemd, /etc/tmpfiles.d, /etc/udev,
205        /etc/xdg/systemd, /lib/systemd, /lib/udev, /usr/include/systemd,
206        /usr/lib/binfmt.d, /usr/lib/kernel, /usr/lib/modules-load.d,
207        /usr/lib/sysctl.d, /usr/lib/systemd,
208        /usr/share/doc-systemd-&systemd-version;, /usr/share/systemd,
209        /usr/share/zsh, /var/lib/systemd</seg>
210      </seglistitem>
211    </segmentedlist>
212
213    <variablelist>
214      <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
215      <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
216      <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
217
218      <varlistentry id="bootctl">
219        <term><command>bootctl</command></term>
220        <listitem>
221          <para>Controls the firmware and boot manager settings</para>
222          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd bootctl">
223            <primary sortas="b-bootctl">bootctl</primary>
224          </indexterm>
225        </listitem>
226      </varlistentry>
227
228      <varlistentry id="busctl">
229        <term><command>busctl</command></term>
230        <listitem>
231          <para>Introspects and monitors the D-Bus bus</para>
232          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd busctl">
233            <primary sortas="b-busctl">busctl</primary>
234          </indexterm>
235        </listitem>
236      </varlistentry>
237
238      <varlistentry id="halt">
239        <term><command>halt</command></term>
240        <listitem>
241          <para>Halts, powers off, or reboots the machine</para>
242          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd halt">
243            <primary sortas="b-halt">halt</primary>
244          </indexterm>
245        </listitem>
246      </varlistentry>
247
248      <varlistentry id="hostnamectl">
249        <term><command>hostnamectl</command></term>
250        <listitem>
251          <para>Controls the system hostname</para>
252          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd hostnamectl">
253            <primary sortas="b-hostnamectl">hostnamectl</primary>
254          </indexterm>
255        </listitem>
256      </varlistentry>
257
258      <varlistentry id="init">
259        <term><command>init</command></term>
260        <listitem>
261          <para>systemd system and service manager</para>
262          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd init">
263            <primary sortas="b-init">init</primary>
264          </indexterm>
265        </listitem>
266      </varlistentry>
267
268      <varlistentry id="journalctl">
269        <term><command>journalctl</command></term>
270        <listitem>
271          <para>Queries the systemd journal</para>
272          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd journalctl">
273            <primary sortas="b-journalctl">journalctl</primary>
274          </indexterm>
275        </listitem>
276      </varlistentry>
277
278      <varlistentry id="kernel-install">
279        <term><command>kernel-install</command></term>
280        <listitem>
281          <para>Adds and removes kernel and initramfs images to and from
282          <filename class="directory">/boot</filename></para>
283          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd kernel-install">
284            <primary sortas="b-kernel-install">kernel-install</primary>
285          </indexterm>
286        </listitem>
287      </varlistentry>
288
289      <varlistentry id="localectl">
290        <term><command>localectl</command></term>
291        <listitem>
292          <para>Controls the system locale and keyboard layout settings</para>
293          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd localectl">
294            <primary sortas="b-localectl">localectl</primary>
295          </indexterm>
296        </listitem>
297      </varlistentry>
298
299      <varlistentry id="loginctl">
300        <term><command>loginctl</command></term>
301        <listitem>
302          <para>Controls the systemd login manager</para>
303          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd loginctl">
304            <primary sortas="b-loginctl">loginctl</primary>
305          </indexterm>
306        </listitem>
307      </varlistentry>
308
309      <varlistentry id="machinectl">
310        <term><command>machinectl</command></term>
311        <listitem>
312          <para>Controls the systemd machine manager</para>
313          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd machinectl">
314            <primary sortas="b-machinectl">machinectl</primary>
315          </indexterm>
316        </listitem>
317      </varlistentry>
318
319      <varlistentry id="poweroff">
320        <term><command>poweroff</command></term>
321        <listitem>
322          <para>Halts, powers off, or reboots the machine</para>
323          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd poweroff">
324            <primary sortas="b-poweroff">poweroff</primary>
325          </indexterm>
326        </listitem>
327      </varlistentry>
328
329      <varlistentry id="reboot">
330        <term><command>reboot</command></term>
331        <listitem>
332          <para>Halts, powers off, or reboots the machine</para>
333          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd reboot">
334            <primary sortas="b-reboot">reboot</primary>
335          </indexterm>
336        </listitem>
337      </varlistentry>
338
339      <varlistentry id="runlevel">
340        <term><command>runlevel</command></term>
341        <listitem>
342          <para>Prints previous and current SysV runlevel</para>
343          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd runlevel">
344            <primary sortas="b-runlevel">runlevel</primary>
345          </indexterm>
346        </listitem>
347      </varlistentry>
348
349      <varlistentry id="shutdown">
350        <term><command>shutdown</command></term>
351        <listitem>
352          <para>Halts, powers off, or reboots the machine</para>
353          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd shutdown">
354            <primary sortas="b-shutdown">shutdown</primary>
355          </indexterm>
356        </listitem>
357      </varlistentry>
358
359      <varlistentry id="systemctl">
360        <term><command>systemctl</command></term>
361        <listitem>
362          <para>Control the systemd system and service manager</para>
363          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemctl">
364            <primary sortas="b-systemctl">systemctl</primary>
365          </indexterm>
366        </listitem>
367      </varlistentry>
368
369      <varlistentry id="systemd">
370        <term><command>systemd</command></term>
371        <listitem>
372          <para>System and service manager for Linux</para>
373          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd">
374            <primary sortas="b-systemd">systemd</primary>
375          </indexterm>
376        </listitem>
377      </varlistentry>
378
379      <varlistentry id="systemd-analyze">
380        <term><command>systemd-analyze</command></term>
381        <listitem>
382          <para>Analyzes system boot-up permformance</para>
383          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-analyze">
384            <primary sortas="b-systemd-analyze">systemd-analyze</primary>
385          </indexterm>
386        </listitem>
387      </varlistentry>
388
389      <varlistentry id="systemd-ask-password">
390        <term><command>systemd-ask-password</command></term>
391        <listitem>
392          <para>Queries the user for a system passphrase, via the
393          TTY or an UI agent.</para>
394          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-ask-password">
395            <primary sortas="b-systemd-ask-password">systemd-ask-password</primary>
396          </indexterm>
397        </listitem>
398      </varlistentry>
399
400      <varlistentry id="systemd-cat">
401        <term><command>systemd-cat</command></term>
402        <listitem>
403          <para>Connects a pipeline or program's output with the journal</para>
404          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cat">
405            <primary sortas="b-systemd-cat">systemd-cat</primary>
406          </indexterm>
407        </listitem>
408      </varlistentry>
409
410      <varlistentry id="systemd-cgls">
411        <term><command>systemd-cgls</command></term>
412        <listitem>
413          <para>Recursively shows control group contents</para>
414          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgls">
415            <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgls">systemd-cgls</primary>
416          </indexterm>
417        </listitem>
418      </varlistentry>
419
420      <varlistentry id="systemd-notify">
421        <term><command>systemd-notify</command></term>
422        <listitem>
423          <para>Notify init system about start-up completion and other daemon
424          status changes</para>
425          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-notify">
426            <primary sortas="b-systemd-notify">systemd-notify</primary>
427          </indexterm>
428        </listitem>
429      </varlistentry>
430
431      <varlistentry id="systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
432        <term><command>systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</command></term>
433        <listitem>
434          <para>Process system password requests</para>
435          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
436            <primary sortas="b-systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</primary>
437          </indexterm>
438        </listitem>
439      </varlistentry>
440
441      <varlistentry id="telinit">
442        <term><command>telinit</command></term>
443        <listitem>
444          <para>Tells <command>init</command> which run-level to change to</para>
445          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd telinit">
446            <primary sortas="b-telinit">telinit</primary>
447          </indexterm>
448        </listitem>
449      </varlistentry>
450
451      <varlistentry id="pam_systemd">
452        <term><filename class="libraryfile">pam_systemd</filename></term>
453        <listitem>
454          <para>Register user sessions in the systemd control group
455          hierarchy</para>
456          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd pam_systemd">
457            <primary sortas="c-pam_systemd">pam_systemd</primary>
458          </indexterm>
459        </listitem>
460      </varlistentry>
461
462      <varlistentry id="lib-systemd">
463        <term><filename class="directory">/lib/systemd</filename></term>
464        <listitem>
465          <para>Location of system units and configurations</para>
466          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd lib-systemd">
467            <primary sortas="e-/lib/systemd">/lib/systemd</primary>
468          </indexterm>
469        </listitem>
470      </varlistentry>
471
472      <varlistentry id="etc-systemd">
473        <term><filename class="directory">/etc/systemd</filename></term>
474        <listitem>
475          <para>Location of user units and configurations</para>
476          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd etc-systemd">
477            <primary sortas="e-/etc/systemd">/etc/systemd</primary>
478          </indexterm>
479        </listitem>
480      </varlistentry>
481
482      <varlistentry id="etc-tmpfilesd">
483        <term><filename class="directory">/etc/tmpfiles.d</filename></term>
484        <listitem>
485          <para>Configuration for creation, deletion and cleaning of temporary
486          and volatile files</para>
487          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd etc-tmpfilesd">
488            <primary sortas="e-/etc/tmpfiles.d">/etc/tmpfiles.d</primary>
489          </indexterm>
490        </listitem>
491      </varlistentry>
492
493      <varlistentry id="usr-share-systemd">
494        <term><filename class="directory">/usr/share/systemd</filename></term>
495        <listitem>
496          <para>Location of session unit files</para>
497          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd usr-share-systemd">
498            <primary sortas="e-/usr/share/systemd">/usr/share/systemd</primary>
499          </indexterm>
500        </listitem>
501      </varlistentry>
502
503    </variablelist>
504
505  </sect2>
506
507</sect1>
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