source: BOOK/final-system/common/systemd.xml @ 4c2f1e7

clfs-3.0.0-systemdsystemd
Last change on this file since 4c2f1e7 was 4c2f1e7, checked in by Chris Staub <chris@…>, 10 years ago

More updates to systemd installed programs
  • Property mode set to 100644
File size: 22.7 KB
Line 
1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3  "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4  <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
5  %general-entities;
6]>
7<sect1 id="ch-system-systemd" role="wrap">
8  <?dbhtml filename="systemd.html"?>
9
10  <title>Systemd-&systemd-version;</title>
11
12  <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd">
13    <primary sortas="a-systemd">Systemd</primary>
14  </indexterm>
15
16  <sect2 role="package">
17    <title/>
18
19    <para>The systemd package is a system and service manager for Linux
20    operating systems.</para>
21
22  </sect2>
23
24  <sect2 role="installation">
25    <title>Installation of Systemd</title>
26
27    <para os="p1">Systemd 209 merged several libraries into
28    <filename class="libraryfile">libsystemd</filename>, but some packages
29    that use systemd still expect those separate libraries. Apply a patch
30    to allow backwards compatibility with these packages by
31    installing Pkg-config files for the old libraries:</para>
32
33<screen os="p2"><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&systemd-compat-patch;</userinput></screen>
34
35    <para os="s1">Prevent the <filename>Makefile</filename> from trying to run
36    <command>setcap</command> on <command>systemd-detect-virt</command>,
37    which will fail if the kernel or file system does not support extended
38    capabilities:</para>
39
40<screen os="s2"><userinput>sed -i '/virt-install-hook /d' Makefile.in</userinput></screen>
41
42    <para os="s3">The <filename>timesyncd.conf</filename> file contains a
43    reference to a non-existent <filename>timesyncd.conf(5)</filename> man
44    page. Remove that reference to avoid possible confusion:</para>
45
46<screen os="s4"><userinput>sed -i '/timesyncd.conf/d' src/timesync/timesyncd.conf.in</userinput></screen>
47
48    <para os="s5">By default, <command>systemd-fsck</command> will run
49    <filename>/sbin/fsck</filename> with the <option>-l</option> option, which
50    applies an <function>flock</function> on the file system being checked.
51    This can conflict with an <function>flock</function> that
52    systemd itself puts on the file system, which could result in problems
53    booting. <command>fsck</command> will be fixed to avoid this problem in a
54    future release of Util-linux, but for now we will work around the issue by
55    simply preventing <command>systemd-fsck</command> from using <option>-l</option>:</para>
56
57<screen os="s6"><userinput>sed -i '/-l/d' src/fsck/fsck.c</userinput></screen>
58
59    <para os="a">Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
60
61<screen os="b"><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr \
62    --sysconfdir=/etc --localstatedir=/var \
63    --libexecdir=/usr/lib --docdir=/usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version; \
64    --with-rootprefix="" --with-rootlibdir=/lib \
65    --enable-split-usr --disable-gudev --with-kbd-loadkeys=/bin/loadkeys \
66    --with-kbd-setfont=/bin/setfont --with-dbuspolicydir=/etc/dbus-1/system.d \
67    --with-dbusinterfacedir=/usr/share/dbus-1/interfaces \
68    --with-dbussessionservicedir=/usr/share/dbus-1/services \
69    --with-dbussystemservicedir=/usr/share/dbus-1/system-services</userinput></screen>
70
71    <variablelist os="c">
72      <title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
73
74      <varlistentry>
75        <term><parameter>--with-root*</parameter></term>
76        <listitem>
77          <para>These switches ensure that core programs and
78          shared libraries are installed in the subdirectories
79          of the root partition.</para>
80        </listitem>
81      </varlistentry>
82
83      <varlistentry>
84        <term><parameter>--enable-split-usr</parameter></term>
85        <listitem>
86          <para>This switch ensures that systemd will work on
87          systems where /bin, /lib and /sbin directories are not
88          symlinks to their /usr counterparts.</para>
89        </listitem>
90      </varlistentry>
91
92      <varlistentry>
93        <term><parameter>--disable-gudev</parameter></term>
94        <listitem>
95          <para>This switch prevents systemd from building
96          <filename class="libraryfile">libgudev</filename> as it requires
97          Glib, which is not installed in CLFS.</para>
98        </listitem>
99      </varlistentry>
100
101      <varlistentry>
102        <term><parameter>--with-dbus*</parameter></term>
103        <listitem>
104          <para>These switches ensure that D-Bus configuration files get
105          installed to the correct locations.</para>
106        </listitem>
107      </varlistentry>
108    </variablelist>
109
110    <para os="d">Compile the package:</para>
111
112<screen os="e"><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
113
114    <para os="f">Prevent a broken test case from running:</para>
115
116<screen os="g"><userinput remap="test">sed -e "s:test/udev-test.pl::g" \
117    -e "s:test-bus-cleanup\$(EXEEXT) ::g" \
118    -e "s:test-bus-gvariant\$(EXEEXT) ::g" \
119    -i Makefile</userinput></screen>
120
121    <para os="h">To test the results, issue:</para>
122
123<screen os="i"><userinput remap="test">make check</userinput></screen>
124
125    <para os="j">Install the package:</para>
126
127<screen os="k"><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
128
129    <para os="l">Install documentation files that are not installed by default:</para>
130
131<screen os="m"><userinput>install -v -m644 man/*.html /usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version;</userinput></screen>
132
133    <para os="n">Move NSS myhostname library to <filename class="directory">/lib
134</filename>:</para>
135
136<screen os="o"><userinput>mv -v /usr/lib/libnss_myhostname.so.2 /lib</userinput></screen>
137
138    <para os="p">Remove an unnecessary directory:</para>
139
140<screen os="q"><userinput>rm -rfv /usr/lib/rpm</userinput></screen>
141
142    <para os="r">Create symlinks for backwards-compatibility with Sysvinit:</para>
143
144<screen os="s"><userinput>for tool in runlevel reboot shutdown poweroff halt telinit; do
145  ln -sfv ../bin/systemctl /sbin/$tool
146done
147ln -sfv ../lib/systemd/systemd /sbin/init</userinput></screen>
148
149    <para os="t">Modify a configuration file which references a group that
150    doesn't exist:</para>
151
152<screen os="u"><userinput>sed -i "s@root lock@root root@g" /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/legacy.conf</userinput></screen>
153
154  </sect2>
155
156  <sect2 id="conf-systemd" role="configuration">
157    <title>Configuring Systemd</title>
158
159    <indexterm zone="conf-systemd">
160      <primary sortas="a-systemd">systemd</primary>
161    <secondary>configuring</secondary></indexterm>
162
163    <indexterm zone="conf-systemd">
164      <primary sortas="e-/etc/os-release">/etc/os-release</primary>
165    </indexterm>
166
167    <para>Create <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> which is needed
168    by Journald:</para>
169
170<screen><userinput>systemd-machine-id-setup</userinput></screen>
171
172    <para>Create a file to identify the operating system.
173    <command>systemd</command> will use this file on boot to put information
174    on the screen.</para>
175
176<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/os-release &lt;&lt; "EOF"
177# Begin /etc/os-release
178
179NAME=Cross-LFS
180ID=clfs
181
182PRETTY_NAME=Cross Linux From Scratch
183ANSI_COLOR=0;33
184
185VERSION=&version;
186VERSION_ID=&versionid;
187
188# End /etc/os-release
189EOF</userinput></screen>
190
191  </sect2>
192
193  <sect2 id="contents-systemd" role="content">
194    <title>Contents of Systemd</title>
195
196    <segmentedlist>
197      <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
198      <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
199      <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
200
201      <seglistitem>
202        <seg>bootctl, busctl, halt (link to systemctl), hostnamectl,
203        init (link to systemd), journalctl, kernel-install, localectl, loginctl,
204        machinectl, poweroff (link to systemctl), reboot (link to systemctl),
205        runlevel (link to systemctl), shutdown (link to systemctl),
206        systemctl, systemd, system-analyze, systemd-ask-password, systemd-cat,
207        systemd-cgls, systemd-cgtop, systemd-coredumpctl, systemd-delta,
208        systemd-detect-virt, systemd-inhibit, systemd-machine-id-setup,
209        systemd-notify, systemd-nspawn, systemd-run, systemd-stdio-bridge
210        (link to systemd-bus-proxyd), systemd-tmpfiles,
211        systemd-tty-ask-password-agent, telinit (link to systemctl),
212        timedatectl, udevadm</seg>
213        <seg>libnss_myhostname.so, libsystemd.so, libudev.so</seg>
214        <seg>/etc/binfmt.d, /etc/init.d, /etc/kernel, /etc/modules-load.d,
215        /etc/sysctl.d, /etc/systemd, /etc/tmpfiles.d, /etc/udev,
216        /etc/xdg/systemd, /lib/systemd, /lib/udev, /usr/include/systemd,
217        /usr/lib/binfmt.d, /usr/lib/kernel, /usr/lib/modules-load.d,
218        /usr/lib/sysctl.d, /usr/lib/systemd,
219        /usr/share/doc-systemd-&systemd-version;, /usr/share/systemd,
220        /usr/share/zsh, /var/lib/systemd</seg>
221      </seglistitem>
222    </segmentedlist>
223
224    <variablelist>
225      <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
226      <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
227      <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
228
229      <varlistentry id="bootctl">
230        <term><command>bootctl</command></term>
231        <listitem>
232          <para>Controls the firmware and boot manager settings</para>
233          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd bootctl">
234            <primary sortas="b-bootctl">bootctl</primary>
235          </indexterm>
236        </listitem>
237      </varlistentry>
238
239      <varlistentry id="busctl">
240        <term><command>busctl</command></term>
241        <listitem>
242          <para>Introspects and monitors the D-Bus bus</para>
243          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd busctl">
244            <primary sortas="b-busctl">busctl</primary>
245          </indexterm>
246        </listitem>
247      </varlistentry>
248
249      <varlistentry id="halt">
250        <term><command>halt</command></term>
251        <listitem>
252          <para>Halts, powers off, or reboots the machine</para>
253          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd halt">
254            <primary sortas="b-halt">halt</primary>
255          </indexterm>
256        </listitem>
257      </varlistentry>
258
259      <varlistentry id="hostnamectl">
260        <term><command>hostnamectl</command></term>
261        <listitem>
262          <para>Controls the system hostname</para>
263          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd hostnamectl">
264            <primary sortas="b-hostnamectl">hostnamectl</primary>
265          </indexterm>
266        </listitem>
267      </varlistentry>
268
269      <varlistentry id="init">
270        <term><command>init</command></term>
271        <listitem>
272          <para>systemd system and service manager</para>
273          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd init">
274            <primary sortas="b-init">init</primary>
275          </indexterm>
276        </listitem>
277      </varlistentry>
278
279      <varlistentry id="journalctl">
280        <term><command>journalctl</command></term>
281        <listitem>
282          <para>Queries the systemd journal</para>
283          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd journalctl">
284            <primary sortas="b-journalctl">journalctl</primary>
285          </indexterm>
286        </listitem>
287      </varlistentry>
288
289      <varlistentry id="kernel-install">
290        <term><command>kernel-install</command></term>
291        <listitem>
292          <para>Adds and removes kernel and initramfs images to and from
293          <filename class="directory">/boot</filename></para>
294          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd kernel-install">
295            <primary sortas="b-kernel-install">kernel-install</primary>
296          </indexterm>
297        </listitem>
298      </varlistentry>
299
300      <varlistentry id="localectl">
301        <term><command>localectl</command></term>
302        <listitem>
303          <para>Controls the system locale and keyboard layout settings</para>
304          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd localectl">
305            <primary sortas="b-localectl">localectl</primary>
306          </indexterm>
307        </listitem>
308      </varlistentry>
309
310      <varlistentry id="loginctl">
311        <term><command>loginctl</command></term>
312        <listitem>
313          <para>Controls the systemd login manager</para>
314          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd loginctl">
315            <primary sortas="b-loginctl">loginctl</primary>
316          </indexterm>
317        </listitem>
318      </varlistentry>
319
320      <varlistentry id="machinectl">
321        <term><command>machinectl</command></term>
322        <listitem>
323          <para>Controls the systemd machine manager</para>
324          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd machinectl">
325            <primary sortas="b-machinectl">machinectl</primary>
326          </indexterm>
327        </listitem>
328      </varlistentry>
329
330      <varlistentry id="poweroff">
331        <term><command>poweroff</command></term>
332        <listitem>
333          <para>Halts, powers off, or reboots the machine</para>
334          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd poweroff">
335            <primary sortas="b-poweroff">poweroff</primary>
336          </indexterm>
337        </listitem>
338      </varlistentry>
339
340      <varlistentry id="reboot">
341        <term><command>reboot</command></term>
342        <listitem>
343          <para>Halts, powers off, or reboots the machine</para>
344          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd reboot">
345            <primary sortas="b-reboot">reboot</primary>
346          </indexterm>
347        </listitem>
348      </varlistentry>
349
350      <varlistentry id="runlevel">
351        <term><command>runlevel</command></term>
352        <listitem>
353          <para>Prints previous and current SysV runlevel</para>
354          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd runlevel">
355            <primary sortas="b-runlevel">runlevel</primary>
356          </indexterm>
357        </listitem>
358      </varlistentry>
359
360      <varlistentry id="shutdown">
361        <term><command>shutdown</command></term>
362        <listitem>
363          <para>Halts, powers off, or reboots the machine</para>
364          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd shutdown">
365            <primary sortas="b-shutdown">shutdown</primary>
366          </indexterm>
367        </listitem>
368      </varlistentry>
369
370      <varlistentry id="systemctl">
371        <term><command>systemctl</command></term>
372        <listitem>
373          <para>Control the systemd system and service manager</para>
374          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemctl">
375            <primary sortas="b-systemctl">systemctl</primary>
376          </indexterm>
377        </listitem>
378      </varlistentry>
379
380      <varlistentry id="systemd">
381        <term><command>systemd</command></term>
382        <listitem>
383          <para>System and service manager for Linux</para>
384          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd">
385            <primary sortas="b-systemd">systemd</primary>
386          </indexterm>
387        </listitem>
388      </varlistentry>
389
390      <varlistentry id="systemd-analyze">
391        <term><command>systemd-analyze</command></term>
392        <listitem>
393          <para>Analyzes system boot-up permformance</para>
394          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-analyze">
395            <primary sortas="b-systemd-analyze">systemd-analyze</primary>
396          </indexterm>
397        </listitem>
398      </varlistentry>
399
400      <varlistentry id="systemd-ask-password">
401        <term><command>systemd-ask-password</command></term>
402        <listitem>
403          <para>Queries the user for a system passphrase, via the
404          TTY or an UI agent.</para>
405          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-ask-password">
406            <primary sortas="b-systemd-ask-password">systemd-ask-password</primary>
407          </indexterm>
408        </listitem>
409      </varlistentry>
410
411      <varlistentry id="systemd-cat">
412        <term><command>systemd-cat</command></term>
413        <listitem>
414          <para>Connects a pipeline or program's output with the journal</para>
415          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cat">
416            <primary sortas="b-systemd-cat">systemd-cat</primary>
417          </indexterm>
418        </listitem>
419      </varlistentry>
420
421      <varlistentry id="systemd-cgls">
422        <term><command>systemd-cgls</command></term>
423        <listitem>
424          <para>Recursively shows control group contents</para>
425          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgls">
426            <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgls">systemd-cgls</primary>
427          </indexterm>
428        </listitem>
429      </varlistentry>
430
431      <varlistentry id="systemd-cgtop">
432        <term><command>systemd-cgtop</command></term>
433        <listitem>
434          <para>Shows top control groups by resource usage</para>
435          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgtop">
436            <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgtop">systemd-cgtop</primary>
437          </indexterm>
438        </listitem>
439      </varlistentry>
440
441      <varlistentry id="systemd-coredumpctl">
442        <term><command>systemd-coredumpctl</command></term>
443        <listitem>
444          <para>Retrieves coredumps from the journal</para>
445          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-coredumpctl">
446            <primary sortas="b-systemd-coredumpctl">systemd-coredumpctl</primary>
447          </indexterm>
448        </listitem>
449      </varlistentry>
450
451      <varlistentry id="systemd-delta">
452        <term><command>systemd-delta</command></term>
453        <listitem>
454          <para>Finds overridden configuration files</para>
455          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-delta">
456            <primary sortas="b-systemd-delta">systemd-delta</primary>
457          </indexterm>
458        </listitem>
459      </varlistentry>
460
461      <varlistentry id="systemd-detect-virt">
462        <term><command>systemd-detect-virt</command></term>
463        <listitem>
464          <para>Detects execution in a virtual environment</para>
465          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-detect-virt">
466            <primary sortas="b-systemd-detect-virt">systemd-detect-virt</primary>
467          </indexterm>
468        </listitem>
469      </varlistentry>
470
471      <varlistentry id="systemd-inhibit">
472        <term><command>systemd-inhibit</command></term>
473        <listitem>
474          <para>Executes a program with an inhibition lock taken</para>
475          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-inhibit">
476            <primary sortas="b-systemd-inhibit">systemd-inhibit</primary>
477          </indexterm>
478        </listitem>
479      </varlistentry>
480
481      <varlistentry id="systemd-machine-id-setup">
482        <term><command>systemd-machine-id-setup</command></term>
483        <listitem>
484          <para>Initializes the machine ID in
485          <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename></para>
486          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-machine-id-setup">
487            <primary sortas="b-systemd-machine-id-setup">systemd-machine-id-setup</primary>
488          </indexterm>
489        </listitem>
490      </varlistentry>
491
492      <varlistentry id="systemd-notify">
493        <term><command>systemd-notify</command></term>
494        <listitem>
495          <para>Notifies init system about start-up completion and other daemon
496          status changes</para>
497          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-notify">
498            <primary sortas="b-systemd-notify">systemd-notify</primary>
499          </indexterm>
500        </listitem>
501      </varlistentry>
502
503      <varlistentry id="systemd-nspawn">
504        <term><command>systemd-nspawn</command></term>
505        <listitem>
506          <para>Spawns a namespace container for debugging, testing, and
507          building</para>
508          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-nspawn">
509            <primary sortas="b-systemd-nspawn">systemd-nspawn</primary>
510          </indexterm>
511        </listitem>
512      </varlistentry>
513
514      <varlistentry id="systemd-run">
515        <term><command>systemd-run</command></term>
516        <listitem>
517          <para>Runs programs in transient scope or service units</para>
518          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-run">
519            <primary sortas="b-systemd-run">systemd-run</primary>
520          </indexterm>
521        </listitem>
522      </varlistentry>
523
524      <varlistentry id="systemd-stdio-bridge">
525        <term><command>systemd-stdio-bridge</command></term>
526        <listitem>
527          <para>Connects stdio or a socket to a given bus address</para>
528          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-stdio-bridge">
529            <primary sortas="b-systemd-stdio-bridge">systemd-stdio-bridge</primary>
530          </indexterm>
531        </listitem>
532      </varlistentry>
533
534      <varlistentry id="systemd-tmpfiles">
535        <term><command>systemd-tmpfiles</command></term>
536        <listitem>
537          <para>Creates, deletes, and cleans up volatile and temporary files</para>
538          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tmpfiles">
539            <primary sortas="b-systemd-tmpfiles">systemd-tmpfiles</primary>
540          </indexterm>
541        </listitem>
542      </varlistentry>
543
544      <varlistentry id="systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
545        <term><command>systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</command></term>
546        <listitem>
547          <para>Process system password requests</para>
548          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
549            <primary sortas="b-systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</primary>
550          </indexterm>
551        </listitem>
552      </varlistentry>
553
554      <varlistentry id="telinit">
555        <term><command>telinit</command></term>
556        <listitem>
557          <para>Tells <command>init</command> which run-level to change to</para>
558          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd telinit">
559            <primary sortas="b-telinit">telinit</primary>
560          </indexterm>
561        </listitem>
562      </varlistentry>
563
564      <varlistentry id="timedatectl">
565        <term><command>timedatectl</command></term>
566        <listitem>
567          <para>Controls the system time and date</para>
568          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd timedatectl">
569            <primary sortas="b-timedatectl">timedatectl</primary>
570          </indexterm>
571        </listitem>
572      </varlistentry>
573
574      <varlistentry id="udevadm">
575        <term><command>udevadm</command></term>
576        <listitem>
577          <para>Udev management tool</para>
578          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd udevadm">
579            <primary sortas="b-udevadm">udevadm</primary>
580          </indexterm>
581        </listitem>
582      </varlistentry>
583
584      <varlistentry id="libnss_myhostname">
585        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss_myhostname</filename></term>
586        <listitem>
587          <para>Plugin for the GNU Name Service Switch (NSS) functionality
588          of Glibc, provding hostname resolution for the locally configured
589          system hostname</para>
590          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libnss_myhostname">
591            <primary sortas="c-libnss_myhostname">libnss_myhostname</primary>
592          </indexterm>
593        </listitem>
594      </varlistentry>
595
596      <varlistentry id="libsystemd">
597        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libsystemd</filename></term>
598        <listitem>
599          <para>Support library for systemd</para>
600          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libsystemd">
601            <primary sortas="c-libsystemd">libsystemd</primary>
602          </indexterm>
603        </listitem>
604      </varlistentry>
605
606      <varlistentry id="libudev">
607        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libudev</filename></term>
608        <listitem>
609          <para>A library interface to Udev device information.</para>
610          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libudev">
611            <primary sortas="c-libudev">libudev</primary>
612          </indexterm>
613        </listitem>
614      </varlistentry>
615
616    </variablelist>
617
618  </sect2>
619
620</sect1>
Note: See TracBrowser for help on using the repository browser.