source: BOOK/final-system/common/systemd.xml@ c7ce049

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  <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
  %general-entities;
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<sect1 id="ch-system-systemd" role="wrap">
  <?dbhtml filename="systemd.html"?>

  <title>Systemd-&systemd-version;</title>

  <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd">
    <primary sortas="a-systemd">Systemd</primary>
  </indexterm>

  <sect2 role="package">
    <title/>

    <para>The systemd package is a system and service manager for Linux
    operating systems.</para>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="installation">
    <title>Installation of Systemd</title>

    <para os="p1">Systemd 211 merged several libraries into
    <filename class="libraryfile">libsystemd</filename>, but some packages
    that use systemd still expect those separate libraries. Apply a patch
    to allow backwards compatibility with these packages by
    installing Pkg-config files for the old libraries:</para>

<screen os="p2"><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&systemd-compat-patch;</userinput></screen>

    <para os="a">Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>

<screen os="b"><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr \
    --sysconfdir=/etc --localstatedir=/var \
    --libexecdir=/usr/lib --docdir=/usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version; \
    --with-rootprefix="" --with-rootlibdir=/lib \
    --enable-split-usr --disable-gudev --with-kbd-loadkeys=/bin/loadkeys \
    --with-kbd-setfont=/bin/setfont --with-dbuspolicydir=/etc/dbus-1/system.d \
    --with-dbusinterfacedir=/usr/share/dbus-1/interfaces \
    --with-dbussessionservicedir=/usr/share/dbus-1/services \
    --with-dbussystemservicedir=/usr/share/dbus-1/system-services</userinput></screen>

    <variablelist os="c">
      <title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><parameter>--with-root*</parameter></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>These switches ensure that core programs and
          shared libraries are installed in the subdirectories
          of the root partition.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><parameter>--enable-split-usr</parameter></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>This switch ensures that systemd will work on
          systems where /bin, /lib and /sbin directories are not
          symlinks to their /usr counterparts.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><parameter>--disable-gudev</parameter></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>This switch prevents systemd from building
          <filename class="libraryfile">libgudev</filename> as it requires
          Glib, which is not installed in CLFS.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><parameter>--with-dbus*</parameter></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>These switches ensure that D-Bus configuration files get
          installed to the correct locations.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
    </variablelist>

    <para os="d">Compile the package:</para>

<screen os="e"><userinput>make</userinput></screen>

    <para os="f">Prevent a broken test case from running:</para>

<screen os="g"><userinput remap="test">sed -e "s:test/udev-test.pl::g" \
    -e "s:test-bus-cleanup\$(EXEEXT) ::g" \
    -e "s:test-bus-gvariant\$(EXEEXT) ::g" \
    -i Makefile</userinput></screen>

    <para os="h">To test the results, issue:</para>

<screen os="i"><userinput remap="test">make check</userinput></screen>

    <para os="j">Install the package:</para>

<screen os="k"><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>

    <para os="l">Install documentation files that are not installed by default:</para>

<screen os="m"><userinput>install -v -m644 man/*.html /usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version;</userinput></screen>

    <para os="n">Move NSS myhostname library to <filename class="directory">/lib
</filename>:</para>

<screen os="o"><userinput>mv -v /usr/lib/libnss_myhostname.so.2 /lib</userinput></screen>

    <para os="p">Remove an unnecessary directory:</para>

<screen os="q"><userinput>rm -rfv /usr/lib/rpm</userinput></screen>

    <para os="r">Create symlinks for backwards-compatibility with Sysvinit:</para>

<screen os="s"><userinput>for tool in runlevel reboot shutdown poweroff halt telinit; do
  ln -sfv ../bin/systemctl /sbin/$tool
done
ln -sfv ../lib/systemd/systemd /sbin/init</userinput></screen>

    <para os="t">Modify a configuration file which references a group that
    doesn't exist:</para>

<screen os="u"><userinput>sed -i "s@root lock@root root@g" /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/legacy.conf</userinput></screen>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 id="conf-systemd" role="configuration">
    <title>Configuring Systemd</title>

    <indexterm zone="conf-systemd">
      <primary sortas="a-systemd">systemd</primary>
    <secondary>configuring</secondary></indexterm>

    <indexterm zone="conf-systemd">
      <primary sortas="e-/etc/os-release">/etc/os-release</primary>
    </indexterm>

    <para>Create <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> which is needed
    by Journald:</para>

<screen><userinput>systemd-machine-id-setup</userinput></screen>

    <para>Create a file to identify the operating system.
    <command>systemd</command> will use this file on boot to put information
    on the screen.</para>

<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/os-release &lt;&lt; "EOF"
# Begin /etc/os-release

NAME=Cross-LFS
ID=clfs

PRETTY_NAME=Cross Linux From Scratch
ANSI_COLOR=0;33

VERSION=&version;
VERSION_ID=&versionid;

# End /etc/os-release
EOF</userinput></screen>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 id="contents-systemd" role="content">
    <title>Contents of Systemd</title>

    <segmentedlist>
      <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
      <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
      <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>

      <seglistitem>
        <seg>bootctl, busctl, halt (link to systemctl), hostnamectl,
        init (link to systemd), journalctl, kernel-install, localectl, loginctl,
        machinectl, poweroff (link to systemctl), reboot (link to systemctl),
        runlevel (link to systemctl), shutdown (link to systemctl),
        systemctl, system-analyze, systemd-ask-password, systemd-cat,
        systemd-cgls, systemd-cgtop, systemd-coredumpctl, systemd-delta,
        systemd-detect-virt, systemd-inhibit, systemd-machine-id-setup,
        systemd-notify, systemd-nspawn, systemd-run, systemd-stdio-bridge
        (link to systemd-bus-proxyd), systemd-tmpfiles,
        systemd-tty-ask-password-agent, telinit (link to systemctl),
        timedatectl, udevadm</seg>
        <seg>libnss_myhostname.so, libsystemd.so, libudev.so</seg>
        <seg>/etc/binfmt.d, /etc/init.d, /etc/kernel, /etc/modules-load.d,
        /etc/sysctl.d, /etc/systemd, /etc/tmpfiles.d, /etc/udev,
        /etc/xdg/systemd, /lib/systemd, /lib/udev, /usr/include/systemd,
        /usr/lib/binfmt.d, /usr/lib/kernel, /usr/lib/modules-load.d,
        /usr/lib/sysctl.d, /usr/lib/systemd,
        /usr/share/doc-systemd-&systemd-version;, /usr/share/systemd,
        /var/lib/systemd</seg>
      </seglistitem>
    </segmentedlist>

    <variablelist>
      <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
      <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
      <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>

      <varlistentry id="systemctl">
        <term><command>systemctl</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Control the systemd system and service manager</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemctl">
            <primary sortas="b-systemctl">systemctl</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="systemd">
        <term><command>systemd</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>System and service manager for Linux</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd">
            <primary sortas="b-systemd">systemd</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="systemd-ask-password">
        <term><command>systemd-ask-password</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Queries the user for a system passphrase, via the
          TTY or an UI agent.</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-ask-password">
            <primary sortas="b-systemd-ask-password">systemd-ask-password</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="systemd-cgls">
        <term><command>systemd-cgls</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Recursively shows control group contents</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgls">
            <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgls">systemd-cgls</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="systemd-notify">
        <term><command>systemd-notify</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Notify init system about start-up completion and other daemon
          status changes</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-notify">
            <primary sortas="b-systemd-notify">systemd-notify</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
        <term><command>systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Process system password requests</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
            <primary sortas="b-systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="pam_systemd">
        <term><filename class="libraryfile">pam_systemd</filename></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Register user sessions in the systemd control group
          hierarchy</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd pam_systemd">
            <primary sortas="c-pam_systemd">pam_systemd</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="lib-systemd">
        <term><filename class="directory">/lib/systemd</filename></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Location of system units and configurations</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd lib-systemd">
            <primary sortas="e-/lib/systemd">/lib/systemd</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="etc-systemd">
        <term><filename class="directory">/etc/systemd</filename></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Location of user units and configurations</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd etc-systemd">
            <primary sortas="e-/etc/systemd">/etc/systemd</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="etc-tmpfilesd">
        <term><filename class="directory">/etc/tmpfiles.d</filename></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Configuration for creation, deletion and cleaning of temporary
          and volatile files</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd etc-tmpfilesd">
            <primary sortas="e-/etc/tmpfiles.d">/etc/tmpfiles.d</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="usr-share-systemd">
        <term><filename class="directory">/usr/share/systemd</filename></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Location of session unit files</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd usr-share-systemd">
            <primary sortas="e-/usr/share/systemd">/usr/share/systemd</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

    </variablelist>

  </sect2>

</sect1>