source: BOOK/final-system/common/perl.xml@ e2bd716

systemd
Last change on this file since e2bd716 was ec2f02c, checked in by Chris Staub <chris@…>, 10 years ago

Reorder command explanations to match the actual command
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[3f8be484]1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
[aa18ac0]2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
[3f8be484]4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-perl" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="perl.html"?>
10
11 <title>Perl-&perl-version;</title>
12
13 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl">
14 <primary sortas="a-Perl">Perl</primary>
15 </indexterm>
16
17 <sect2 role="package">
18 <title/>
19
20 <para>The Perl package contains the Practical Extraction and Report
21 Language.</para>
22
23 </sect2>
24
25 <sect2 role="installation">
26 <title>Installation of Perl</title>
27
[ba99b734]28 <para os="s3">By default, Perl's Compress::Raw::Zlib and
29 Compress::Raw::Bzip2 modules build and link against internal copies of
30 Zlib and Bzip2. The following command will make Perl use the
31 system-installed copies of these libraries:</para>
[ccd51bc]32
[ba99b734]33<screen os="s4"><userinput>export BUILD_ZLIB=False
34export BUILD_BZIP2=0</userinput></screen>
[ccd51bc]35
[d73cf0a]36 <note os="a00">
37 <para>If you are following the boot method you will need to enable the
[ce32b58]38 loopback device:</para>
[d73cf0a]39
[4ff8077d]40<screen><userinput remap="test">ip link set lo up</userinput></screen>
[d73cf0a]41 </note>
42
[ba3910e]43 <para os="a01">Before starting to configure, create a basic
[36da727]44 <filename>/etc/hosts</filename> file which will be referenced by one
[1b48cb6]45 of Perl's configuration files as well as used by the test suite:</para>
[0b1aa01]46
[ba3910e]47<screen os="a02"><userinput remap="test">echo "127.0.0.1 localhost $(hostname)" &gt; /etc/hosts</userinput></screen>
[0b1aa01]48
[cfe892d]49 <para os="a">To have full control over the way Perl is set up, you can
50 run the interactive <command>Configure</command> script and hand-pick
51 the way this package is built. If you prefer instead to use the defaults
52 that Perl auto-detects, prepare Perl for compilation with:</para>
[3f8be484]53
[9bf414b]54<screen os="b"><userinput>./configure.gnu --prefix=/usr \
[42622bd]55 -Dvendorprefix=/usr \
[bbf90e8]56 -Dman1dir=/usr/share/man/man1 \
57 -Dman3dir=/usr/share/man/man3 \
[c33fed0]58 -Dpager="/bin/less -isR" \
[1da2a84]59 -Dusethreads -Duseshrplib</userinput></screen>
[3f8be484]60
[e0e40d3]61 <variablelist os="c">
[3f8be484]62 <title>The meaning of the configure option:</title>
63
[e0e40d3]64 <varlistentry os="c1">
[ec2f02c]65 <term><parameter>-Dman1dir=/usr/share/man/man1 -Dman3dir=/usr/share/man/man3</parameter></term>
[3f8be484]66 <listitem>
[ec2f02c]67 <para>Since Groff is not installed yet,
68 <command>configure.gnu</command> thinks that we do not want
69 man pages for Perl. Issuing these parameters overrides this decision.</para>
[3f8be484]70 </listitem>
71 </varlistentry>
[1da2a84]72
[bbf90e8]73 <varlistentry os="c2">
[ec2f02c]74 <term><parameter>-Dpager="/bin/less -isR"</parameter></term>
[bbf90e8]75 <listitem>
[ec2f02c]76 <para>Less has not yet been installed, so by default
77 <command>perldoc</command> will invoke the <command>more</command>
78 program for viewing documentation. This option ensures that it will
79 use <command>less</command> instead.</para>
[bbf90e8]80 </listitem>
81 </varlistentry>
[1da2a84]82
[c33fed0]83 <varlistentry os="c3">
84 <term><parameter>-Dusethreads</parameter></term>
85 <listitem>
86 <para>This tells Perl to use threads.</para>
87 </listitem>
88 </varlistentry>
[1da2a84]89
90 <varlistentry os="c4">
91 <term><parameter>-Duseshrplib</parameter></term>
92 <listitem>
93 <para>This tells Perl to build a shared libperl.</para>
94 </listitem>
95 </varlistentry>
96
[3f8be484]97 </variablelist>
98
[e0e40d3]99 <para os="d">Compile the package:</para>
[3f8be484]100
[e0e40d3]101<screen os="e"><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
[3f8be484]102
[686839b]103 <para os="h">To test the results, issue:</para>
104
105<screen os="h2"><userinput remap="test">make test</userinput></screen>
[3f8be484]106
[ba99b734]107 <para os="j">Install the package and remove the variables set previously:</para>
[3f8be484]108
[ba99b734]109<screen os="k"><userinput>make install
110unset BUILD_ZLIB BUILD_BZIP2</userinput></screen>
[3f8be484]111
112 </sect2>
113
114 <sect2 id="contents-perl" role="content">
115 <title>Contents of Perl</title>
116
117 <segmentedlist>
118 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
119 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
[61ad0b7f]120 <segtitle>Installed directory</segtitle>
[3f8be484]121
122 <seglistitem>
[427015f]123 <seg>a2p, c2ph, config_data, corelist, cpan, cpan2dist, cpanp,
[2b220db9]124 cpanp-run-perl, enc2xs, find2perl, h2ph, h2xs, instmodsh, json_pp,
[712214c]125 libnetcfg, perl, perl&perl-version; (link to perl), perlbug,
[6dbe056]126 perldoc, perlivp, perlthanks (link to perlbug), piconv, pl2pm, pod2html,
127 pod2latex, pod2man, pod2text, pod2usage, podchecker, podselect, prove,
[2b220db9]128 psed (link to s2p), pstruct (link to c2ph), ptar, ptardiff, ptargrep,
[f698055a]129 s2p, shasum, splain, xsubpp, zipdetails</seg>
[3f8be484]130 <seg>Several hundred which cannot all be listed here</seg>
[61ad0b7f]131 <seg>/usr/lib/perl5</seg>
[3f8be484]132 </seglistitem>
133 </segmentedlist>
134
135 <variablelist>
136 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
137 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
138 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
139
140 <varlistentry id="a2p">
141 <term><command>a2p</command></term>
142 <listitem>
143 <para>Translates awk to Perl</para>
144 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl a2p">
145 <primary sortas="b-a2p">a2p</primary>
146 </indexterm>
147 </listitem>
148 </varlistentry>
149
150 <varlistentry id="c2ph">
151 <term><command>c2ph</command></term>
152 <listitem>
153 <para>Dumps C structures as generated from
154 <command>cc -g -S</command></para>
155 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl c2ph">
156 <primary sortas="b-c2ph">c2ph</primary>
157 </indexterm>
158 </listitem>
159 </varlistentry>
160
[427015f]161 <varlistentry id="config_data">
162 <term><command>config_data</command></term>
163 <listitem>
164 <para>Queries or changes configuration of Perl modules</para>
165 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl config_data">
166 <primary sortas="b-config_data">config_data</primary>
167 </indexterm>
168 </listitem>
169 </varlistentry>
170
171 <varlistentry id="corelist">
172 <term><command>corelist</command></term>
173 <listitem>
174 <para>A commandline frontend to Module::CoreList</para>
175 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl corelist">
176 <primary sortas="b-corelist">corelist</primary>
177 </indexterm>
178 </listitem>
179 </varlistentry>
180
[e29fb58]181 <varlistentry id="cpan">
182 <term><command>cpan</command></term>
183 <listitem>
184 <para>Shell script that provides a command interface to CPAN.pm</para>
185 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl cpan">
186 <primary sortas="b-cpan">cpan</primary>
187 </indexterm>
188 </listitem>
189 </varlistentry>
190
[427015f]191 <varlistentry id="cpan2dist">
192 <term><command>cpan2dist</command></term>
193 <listitem>
194 <para>The CPANPLUS distribution creator</para>
195 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl cpan2dist">
196 <primary sortas="b-cpan2dist">cpan2dist</primary>
197 </indexterm>
198 </listitem>
199 </varlistentry>
200
201 <varlistentry id="cpanp">
202 <term><command>cpanp</command></term>
203 <listitem>
204 <para>The CPANPLUS launcher</para>
205 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl cpanp">
206 <primary sortas="b-cpanp">cpanp</primary>
207 </indexterm>
208 </listitem>
209 </varlistentry>
210
211 <varlistentry id="cpanp-run-perl">
212 <term><command>cpanp-run-perl</command></term>
213 <listitem>
214 <para>Perl script that (description needed)</para>
215 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl cpanp-run-perl">
216 <primary sortas="b-cpanp-run-perl">cpanp-run-perl</primary>
217 </indexterm>
218 </listitem>
219 </varlistentry>
220
[045e44a]221 <varlistentry id="enc2xs">
222 <term><command>enc2xs</command></term>
223 <listitem>
224 <para>Builds a Perl extension for the Encode module from either
225 Unicode Character Mappings or Tcl Encoding Files</para>
226 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl enc2xs">
227 <primary sortas="b-enc2xs">enc2xs</primary>
228 </indexterm>
229 </listitem>
230 </varlistentry>
231
[3f8be484]232 <varlistentry id="find2perl">
233 <term><command>find2perl</command></term>
234 <listitem>
235 <para>Translates <command>find</command> commands to Perl</para>
236 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl find2perl">
237 <primary sortas="b-find2perl">find2perl</primary>
238 </indexterm>
239 </listitem>
240 </varlistentry>
241
242 <varlistentry id="h2ph">
243 <term><command>h2ph</command></term>
244 <listitem>
245 <para>Converts <filename class="extension">.h</filename> C header
246 files to <filename class="extension">.ph</filename> Perl header
247 files</para>
248 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl h2ph">
249 <primary sortas="b-h2ph">h2ph</primary>
250 </indexterm>
251 </listitem>
252 </varlistentry>
253
254 <varlistentry id="h2xs">
255 <term><command>h2xs</command></term>
256 <listitem>
257 <para>Converts <filename class="extension">.h</filename> C header
258 files to Perl extensions</para>
259 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl h2xs">
260 <primary sortas="b-h2xs">h2xs</primary>
261 </indexterm>
262 </listitem>
263 </varlistentry>
264
[e29fb58]265 <varlistentry id="instmodsh">
266 <term><command>instmodsh</command></term>
267 <listitem>
268 <para>A shell script for examining installed Perl modules,
269 and can even create a tarball from an installed module</para>
270 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl instmodsh">
271 <primary sortas="b-instmodsh">instmodsh</primary>
272 </indexterm>
273 </listitem>
274 </varlistentry>
275
[2b220db9]276 <varlistentry id="json_pp">
277 <term><command>json_pp</command></term>
278 <listitem>
279 <para>Converts data between certain input and output formats</para>
280 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl json_pp">
281 <primary sortas="b-json_pp">json_pp</primary>
282 </indexterm>
283 </listitem>
284 </varlistentry>
285
[427015f]286 <varlistentry id="libnetcfg">
287 <term><command>libnetcfg</command></term>
288 <listitem>
289 <para>Can be used to configure the
290 <filename class="libraryfile">libnet</filename></para>
291 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl libnetcfg">
292 <primary sortas="b-libnetcfg">libnetcfg</primary>
293 </indexterm>
294 </listitem>
295 </varlistentry>
296
[3f8be484]297 <varlistentry id="perl">
298 <term><command>perl</command></term>
299 <listitem>
300 <para>Combines some of the best features of C, <command>sed</command>,
301 <command>awk</command> and <command>sh</command> into a single
[1e91bbd]302 swiss-army-knife language</para>
[3f8be484]303 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl perl">
304 <primary sortas="b-perl">perl</primary>
305 </indexterm>
306 </listitem>
307 </varlistentry>
308
309 <varlistentry id="perl-version">
310 <term><command>perl&perl-version;</command></term>
311 <listitem>
312 <para>A hard link to <command>perl</command></para>
313 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl perl-version">
314 <primary sortas="b-perl&perl-version;">perl&perl-version;</primary>
315 </indexterm>
316 </listitem>
317 </varlistentry>
318
319 <varlistentry id="perlbug">
320 <term><command>perlbug</command></term>
321 <listitem>
322 <para>Used to generate bug reports about Perl, or the modules that come
323 with it, and mail them</para>
324 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl perlbug">
325 <primary sortas="b-perlbug">perlbug</primary>
326 </indexterm>
327 </listitem>
328 </varlistentry>
329
330 <varlistentry id="perldoc">
331 <term><command>perldoc</command></term>
332 <listitem>
333 <para>Displays a piece of documentation in pod format that is embedded
334 in the Perl installation tree or in a Perl script</para>
335 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl perldoc">
336 <primary sortas="b-perldoc">perldoc</primary>
337 </indexterm>
338 </listitem>
339 </varlistentry>
340
341 <varlistentry id="perlivp">
342 <term><command>perlivp</command></term>
343 <listitem>
344 <para>The Perl Installation Verification Procedure; it can be used to
345 verify that Perl and its libraries have been installed
346 correctly</para>
347 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl perlivp">
348 <primary sortas="b-perlivp">perlivp</primary>
349 </indexterm>
350 </listitem>
351 </varlistentry>
352
[6dbe056]353 <varlistentry id="perlthanks">
354 <term><command>perlthanks</command></term>
355 <listitem>
356 <para>Used to generate thank you messages to mail to the Perl
357 developers</para>
358 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl perlthanks">
359 <primary sortas="b-perlthanks">perlthanks</primary>
360 </indexterm>
361 </listitem>
362 </varlistentry>
363
[3f8be484]364 <varlistentry id="piconv">
365 <term><command>piconv</command></term>
366 <listitem>
367 <para>A Perl version of the character encoding converter
368 <command>iconv</command></para>
369 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl piconv">
370 <primary sortas="b-piconv">piconv</primary>
371 </indexterm>
372 </listitem>
373 </varlistentry>
374
375 <varlistentry id="pl2pm">
376 <term><command>pl2pm</command></term>
377 <listitem>
378 <para>A rough tool for converting Perl4
379 <filename class="extension">.pl</filename> files to Perl5
380 <filename class="extension">.pm</filename> modules</para>
381 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl pl2pm">
382 <primary sortas="b-pl2pm">pl2pm</primary>
383 </indexterm>
384 </listitem>
385 </varlistentry>
386
387 <varlistentry id="pod2html">
388 <term><command>pod2html</command></term>
389 <listitem>
390 <para>Converts files from pod format to HTML format</para>
391 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl pod2html">
392 <primary sortas="b-pod2html">pod2html</primary>
393 </indexterm>
394 </listitem>
395 </varlistentry>
396
397 <varlistentry id="pod2latex">
398 <term><command>pod2latex</command></term>
399 <listitem>
400 <para>Converts files from pod format to LaTeX format</para>
401 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl pod2latex">
402 <primary sortas="b-pod2latex">pod2latex</primary>
403 </indexterm>
404 </listitem>
405 </varlistentry>
406
407 <varlistentry id="pod2man">
408 <term><command>pod2man</command></term>
409 <listitem>
410 <para>Converts pod data to formatted *roff input</para>
411 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl pod2man">
412 <primary sortas="b-pod2man">pod2man</primary>
413 </indexterm>
414 </listitem>
415 </varlistentry>
416
417 <varlistentry id="pod2text">
418 <term><command>pod2text</command></term>
419 <listitem>
420 <para>Converts pod data to formatted ASCII text</para>
421 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl pod2text">
422 <primary sortas="b-pod2text">pod2text</primary>
423 </indexterm>
424 </listitem>
425 </varlistentry>
426
427 <varlistentry id="pod2usage">
428 <term><command>pod2usage</command></term>
429 <listitem>
430 <para>Prints usage messages from embedded pod docs in files</para>
431 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl pod2usage">
432 <primary sortas="b-pod2usage">pod2usage</primary>
433 </indexterm>
434 </listitem>
435 </varlistentry>
436
437 <varlistentry id="podchecker">
438 <term><command>podchecker</command></term>
439 <listitem>
440 <para>Checks the syntax of pod format documentation files</para>
441 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl podchecker">
442 <primary sortas="b-podchecker">podchecker</primary>
443 </indexterm>
444 </listitem>
445 </varlistentry>
446
447 <varlistentry id="podselect">
448 <term><command>podselect</command></term>
449 <listitem>
450 <para>Displays selected sections of pod documentation</para>
451 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl podselect">
452 <primary sortas="b-podselect">podselect</primary>
453 </indexterm>
454 </listitem>
455 </varlistentry>
456
[e29fb58]457 <varlistentry id="prove">
458 <term><command>prove</command></term>
459 <listitem>
460 <para>A command-line tool for running tests against Test::Harness</para>
461 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl prove">
462 <primary sortas="b-prove">prove</primary>
463 </indexterm>
464 </listitem>
465 </varlistentry>
466
[3f8be484]467 <varlistentry id="psed">
468 <term><command>psed</command></term>
469 <listitem>
470 <para>A Perl version of the stream editor <command>sed</command></para>
471 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl psed">
472 <primary sortas="b-psed">psed</primary>
473 </indexterm>
474 </listitem>
475 </varlistentry>
476
477 <varlistentry id="pstruct">
478 <term><command>pstruct</command></term>
479 <listitem>
480 <para>Dumps C structures as generated from <command>cc -g -S</command>
481 stabs</para>
482 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl pstruct">
483 <primary sortas="b-pstruct">pstruct</primary>
484 </indexterm>
485 </listitem>
486 </varlistentry>
487
[427015f]488 <varlistentry id="ptar">
489 <term><command>ptar</command></term>
490 <listitem>
491 <para>A <command>tar</command>-like program written in Perl</para>
492 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl ptar">
493 <primary sortas="b-ptar">ptar</primary>
494 </indexterm>
495 </listitem>
496 </varlistentry>
497
498 <varlistentry id="ptardiff">
499 <term><command>ptardiff</command></term>
500 <listitem>
501 <para>A Perl program that compares an extracted archive with an
502 unextracted one</para>
503 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl ptardiff">
504 <primary sortas="b-ptardiff">ptardiff</primary>
505 </indexterm>
506 </listitem>
507 </varlistentry>
508
[2b220db9]509 <varlistentry id="ptargrep">
510 <term><command>ptargrep</command></term>
511 <listitem>
512 <para>A Perl program that applies pattern matching to the contents
513 of files in a tar archive</para>
514 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl ptargrep">
515 <primary sortas="b-ptargrep">ptargrep</primary>
516 </indexterm>
517 </listitem>
518 </varlistentry>
519
[3f8be484]520 <varlistentry id="s2p">
521 <term><command>s2p</command></term>
522 <listitem>
523 <para>Translates <command>sed</command> to Perl</para>
524 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl s2p">
525 <primary sortas="b-s2p">s2p</primary>
526 </indexterm>
527 </listitem>
528 </varlistentry>
529
[427015f]530 <varlistentry id="shasum">
531 <term><command>shasum</command></term>
532 <listitem>
533 <para>Prints or checks SHA checksums</para>
534 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl shasum">
535 <primary sortas="b-shasum">shasum</primary>
536 </indexterm>
537 </listitem>
538 </varlistentry>
539
[3f8be484]540 <varlistentry id="splain">
541 <term><command>splain</command></term>
542 <listitem>
543 <para>Is used to force verbose warning diagnostics in Perl</para>
544 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl splain">
545 <primary sortas="b-splain">splain</primary>
546 </indexterm>
547 </listitem>
548 </varlistentry>
549
550 <varlistentry id="xsubpp">
551 <term><command>xsubpp</command></term>
552 <listitem>
553 <para>Converts Perl XS code into C code</para>
554 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl xsubpp">
555 <primary sortas="b-xsubpp">xsubpp</primary>
556 </indexterm>
557 </listitem>
558 </varlistentry>
559
[2b220db9]560 <varlistentry id="zipdetails">
561 <term><command>zipdetails</command></term>
562 <listitem>
563 <para>Displays details about the internal structure of a Zip file</para>
564 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl zipdetails">
565 <primary sortas="b-zipdetails">zipdetails</primary>
566 </indexterm>
567 </listitem>
568 </varlistentry>
569
[3f8be484]570 </variablelist>
571
572 </sect2>
573
574</sect1>
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