source: BOOK/final-system/common/glibc.xml @ e3a8717

clfs-1.2clfs-2.1clfs-3.0.0-systemdclfs-3.0.0-sysvinitsystemdsysvinit
Last change on this file since e3a8717 was e3a8717, checked in by Chris Staub <chris@…>, 15 years ago

Changed several BLFS references to CBLFS

  • Property mode set to 100644
File size: 29.7 KB
Line 
1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3  "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4  <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
5  %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9  <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11  <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
12
13  <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
14    <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
15  </indexterm>
16
17  <sect2 role="package">
18    <title/>
19
20    <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
21    the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
22    closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
23    arithmetic, and so on.</para>
24
25  </sect2>
26
27  <sect2 role="installation">
28    <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
29
30    <note os="z">
31      <para>Some packages outside of CLFS suggest installing GNU libiconv in
32      order to translate data from one encoding to another. The project's
33      home page (<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/"/>) says
34      <quote>This library provides an <function>iconv()</function>
35      implementation, for use on systems which don't have one, or whose
36      implementation cannot convert from/to Unicode.</quote> Glibc provides
37      an <function>iconv()</function> implementation and can convert from/to
38      Unicode, therefore libiconv is not required on a CLFS system.</para>
39    </note>
40
41    <para os="b">The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
42    perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
43    pointing at <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
44    and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
45    Glibc Autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
46    of achieving a clean build.</para>
47
48    <para os="c">The following patch fixes an issue that can
49    cause <command>localedef</command> to segfault:</para>
50
51<screen os="d"><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-localedef_segfault-patch;</userinput></screen>
52
53    <para os="e">The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc outside of the
54    source directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
55
56<screen os="f"><userinput>mkdir -v ../glibc-build
57cd ../glibc-build</userinput></screen>
58
59    <para os="g">Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
60
61<screen os="h"><userinput>../glibc-&glibc-version;/configure --prefix=/usr \
62    --disable-profile --enable-add-ons --enable-kernel=2.6.0 \
63    --libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</userinput></screen>
64
65    <variablelist os="i">
66      <title>The meaning of the new configure option:</title>
67
68      <varlistentry>
69        <term><parameter>--libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</parameter></term>
70        <listitem>
71          <para>This changes the location of the <command>pt_chown</command>
72          program from its default of <filename
73          class="directory">/usr/libexec</filename> to <filename
74          class="directory">/usr/lib/glibc</filename>.</para>
75        </listitem>
76      </varlistentry>
77    </variablelist>
78
79    <para os="j">Compile the package:</para>
80
81<screen os="k"><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
82
83    <important os="l">
84      <para>The test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
85      Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
86    </important>
87
88    <para os="m">Test the results:</para>
89
90<!-- items n,o,p no longer the master, use x86_64 which has no failures -->
91
92<screen os="n"><userinput>make -k check &gt;glibc-check-log 2&gt;&amp;1 ; grep Error glibc-check-log</userinput></screen>
93
94    <para os="o">The Glibc test suite is highly dependent on certain functions of
95    the host system, in particular the kernel. The posix/annexc test normally fails
96    and you should see <literal>Error 1 (ignored)</literal> in the output. Apart
97    from this, the Glibc test suite is always expected to pass. However, in certain
98    circumstances, some failures are unavoidable. If a test fails because of a missing
99    program (or missing symbolic link), or a segfault, you will see an error code
100    greater than 127 and the details will be in the log. More commonly, tests will
101    fail with <literal>Error 2</literal> - for these, the contents of the corresponding
102    <filename>.out</filename> file, e.g. <filename>posix/annexc.out</filename> may be
103    informative. Here is a list of the most common issues:</para>
104
105    <itemizedlist os="p">
106      <listitem>
107        <para>The <emphasis>math</emphasis> tests sometimes fail.
108        Certain optimization settings are known to be a
109        factor here.</para>
110      </listitem>
111      <listitem>
112        <para>If you have mounted the CLFS partition with the
113        <parameter>noatime</parameter> option, the <emphasis>atime</emphasis> test
114        will fail. As mentioned in <xref linkend="ch-partitioning-mounting"/>,
115        do not use the <parameter>noatime</parameter> option while building
116        CLFS.</para>
117      </listitem>
118      <listitem>
119        <para>When running on older and slower hardware, some tests
120        can fail because of test timeouts being exceeded.</para>
121      </listitem>
122    </itemizedlist>
123
124    <para os="q">Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
125    complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
126    Prevent this warning with:</para>
127
128<screen os="r"><userinput>touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
129
130    <para os="s">Install the package:</para>
131
132<screen os="t"><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
133
134  </sect2>
135
136  <sect2 id="i18n-glibc" role="configuration">
137    <title>Internationalization</title>
138
139    <para>The locales that can make the system respond in a different
140    language were not installed by the above command. Install them
141    with:</para>
142
143<screen><userinput>make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
144
145    <para>To save time, an alternative to running the previous command (which
146    generates and installs every locale listed in the
147    glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED file) is to install only
148    those locales that are wanted and needed. This can be achieved by using
149    the <command>localedef</command> command. Information on this command is
150    located in the <filename>INSTALL</filename> file in the Glibc source.
151    However, there are a number of locales that are essential in order for the
152    tests of future packages to pass, in particular, the
153    <emphasis>libstdc++</emphasis> tests from GCC. The following instructions,
154    instead of the <parameter>install-locales</parameter> target used above,
155    will install the minimum set of locales necessary for the tests to run
156    successfully:</para>
157
158<screen role="nodump"><userinput>mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
159localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
160localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
161localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
162localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
163localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
164localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
165localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
166localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
167localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
168localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
169localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
170localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP</userinput></screen>
171
172    <para>Some locales installed by the <command>make
173    localedata/install-locales</command> command above are not properly
174    supported by some applications that are in CLFS and CBLFS. Because
175    of the various problems that arise due to application programmers making
176    assumptions that break in such locales, CLFS should not be used in locales
177    that utilize multibyte character sets (including UTF-8) or right-to-left
178    writing order.  Numerous unofficial and unstable patches are required to
179    fix these problems, and it has been decided by the CLFS developers not to
180    support such complex locales at this time. This applies to the ja_JP and
181    fa_IR locales as well&mdash;they have been installed only for GCC and
182    Gettext tests to pass, and the <command>watch</command> program (part of
183    the Procps package) does not work properly in them. Various attempts to
184    circumvent these restrictions are documented in internationalization-related
185    hints.</para>
186
187  </sect2>
188
189  <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
190    <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
191
192    <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
193      <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
194    </indexterm>
195
196    <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
197      <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
198    </indexterm>
199
200    <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
201    because, although Glibc provides defaults when this file is missing or
202    corrupt, the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment.
203    The time zone also needs to be configured.</para>
204
205    <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running
206    the following:</para>
207
208<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
209<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
210
211passwd: files
212group: files
213shadow: files
214
215hosts: files dns
216networks: files
217
218protocols: files
219services: files
220ethers: files
221rpc: files
222
223# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
224EOF</userinput></screen>
225
226    <para>To determine the local time zone, run the following script:</para>
227
228<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
229
230    <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
231    output the name of the time zone (e.g., <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> or
232    <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis>). Then create the
233    <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by running:</para>
234
235<screen><userinput>cp -v --remove-destination /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>[xxx]</replaceable> \
236    /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
237
238    <para>Replace <replaceable>[xxx]</replaceable> with the name of the time zone
239    that <command>tzselect</command> provided (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
240
241    <variablelist>
242      <title>The meaning of the cp option:</title>
243
244      <varlistentry>
245        <term><parameter>--remove-destination</parameter></term>
246        <listitem>
247          <para>This is needed to force removal of the already existing symbolic
248          link. The reason for copying the file instead of using a symlink is to
249          cover the situation where <filename class="directory">/usr</filename>
250          is on a separate partition. This could be important when booted into
251          single user mode.</para>
252        </listitem>
253      </varlistentry>
254    </variablelist>
255
256  </sect2>
257
258  <sect2 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
259    <title>Configuring The Dynamic Loader</title>
260
261    <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
262      <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
263    </indexterm>
264
265    <para os="ld-a">By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
266    class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
267    <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
268    class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
269    needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
270    directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
271    <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be
272    added to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order
273    for the dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly
274    known to contain additional libraries are <filename
275    class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
276    class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
277    dynamic loader's search path.</para>
278
279    <para os="ld-b">Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
280    following:</para>
281
282<screen os="ld-c"><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
283<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
284
285/usr/local/lib
286/opt/lib
287
288# End /etc/ld.so.conf</literal>
289EOF</userinput></screen>
290
291  </sect2>
292
293  <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
294    <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
295
296    <segmentedlist>
297      <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
298      <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
299
300      <seglistitem>
301        <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
302        ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, mtrace, nscd,
303        pcprofiledump, pt_chown, rpcgen, rpcinfo, sln, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
304        zdump, and zic</seg>
305        <seg>ld.so, libBrokenLocale.[a,so], libSegFault.so, libanl.[a,so],
306        libbsd-compat.a, libc.[a,so], libcrypt.[a,so], libdl.[a,so], libg.a,
307        libieee.a, libm.[a,so], libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libnsl.a,
308        libnss_compat.so, libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so,
309        libnss_nis.so, libnss_nisplus.so, libpcprofile.so, libpthread.[a,so],
310        libresolv.[a,so], librpcsvc.a, librt.[a,so], libthread_db.so, and
311        libutil.[a,so]</seg>
312      </seglistitem>
313    </segmentedlist>
314
315    <variablelist>
316      <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
317      <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
318      <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
319
320      <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
321        <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
322        <listitem>
323          <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
324          terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
325          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
326            <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
327          </indexterm>
328        </listitem>
329      </varlistentry>
330
331      <varlistentry id="gencat">
332        <term><command>gencat</command></term>
333        <listitem>
334          <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
335          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
336            <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
337          </indexterm>
338        </listitem>
339      </varlistentry>
340
341      <varlistentry id="getconf">
342        <term><command>getconf</command></term>
343        <listitem>
344          <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system specific
345          variables</para>
346          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
347            <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
348          </indexterm>
349        </listitem>
350      </varlistentry>
351
352      <varlistentry id="getent">
353        <term><command>getent</command></term>
354        <listitem>
355          <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
356          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
357            <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
358          </indexterm>
359        </listitem>
360      </varlistentry>
361
362      <varlistentry id="iconv">
363        <term><command>iconv</command></term>
364        <listitem>
365          <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
366          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
367            <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
368          </indexterm>
369        </listitem>
370      </varlistentry>
371
372      <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
373        <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
374        <listitem>
375          <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
376          files</para>
377          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
378            <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
379          </indexterm>
380        </listitem>
381      </varlistentry>
382
383      <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
384        <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
385        <listitem>
386          <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
387          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
388            <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
389          </indexterm>
390        </listitem>
391      </varlistentry>
392
393      <varlistentry id="ldd">
394        <term><command>ldd</command></term>
395        <listitem>
396          <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
397          by each given program or shared library</para>
398          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
399            <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
400          </indexterm>
401        </listitem>
402      </varlistentry>
403
404      <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
405        <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
406        <listitem>
407          <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
408          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
409            <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
410          </indexterm>
411        </listitem>
412      </varlistentry>
413
414      <varlistentry id="locale">
415        <term><command>locale</command></term>
416        <listitem>
417          <para>Tells the compiler to enable or disable the use of POSIX locales
418          for built-in operations</para>
419          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
420            <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
421          </indexterm>
422        </listitem>
423      </varlistentry>
424
425      <varlistentry id="localedef">
426        <term><command>localedef</command></term>
427        <listitem>
428          <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
429          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
430            <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
431          </indexterm>
432        </listitem>
433      </varlistentry>
434
435      <varlistentry id="mtrace">
436        <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
437        <listitem>
438          <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and
439          displays a summary in human-readable format</para>
440          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
441            <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
442          </indexterm>
443        </listitem>
444      </varlistentry>
445
446      <varlistentry id="nscd">
447        <term><command>nscd</command></term>
448        <listitem>
449          <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
450          service requests</para>
451          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
452            <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
453          </indexterm>
454        </listitem>
455      </varlistentry>
456
457      <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
458        <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
459        <listitem>
460          <para>Dumps information generated by PC profiling</para>
461          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
462            <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
463          </indexterm>
464        </listitem>
465      </varlistentry>
466
467      <varlistentry id="pt_chown">
468        <term><command>pt_chown</command></term>
469        <listitem>
470          <para>A helper program for <command>grantpt</command> to set the owner,
471          group and access permissions of a slave pseudo terminal</para>
472          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pt_chown">
473            <primary sortas="b-pt_chown">pt_chown</primary>
474          </indexterm>
475        </listitem>
476      </varlistentry>
477
478      <varlistentry id="rpcgen">
479        <term><command>rpcgen</command></term>
480        <listitem>
481          <para>Generates C code to implement the Remote Procecure Call (RPC)
482          protocol</para>
483          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcgen">
484            <primary sortas="b-rpcgen">rpcgen</primary>
485          </indexterm>
486        </listitem>
487      </varlistentry>
488
489      <varlistentry id="rpcinfo">
490        <term><command>rpcinfo</command></term>
491        <listitem>
492          <para>Makes an RPC call to an RPC server</para>
493          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcinfo">
494            <primary sortas="b-rpcinfo">rpcinfo</primary>
495          </indexterm>
496        </listitem>
497      </varlistentry>
498
499      <varlistentry id="sln">
500        <term><command>sln</command></term>
501        <listitem>
502          <para>A statically linked program that creates symbolic links</para>
503          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
504            <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
505          </indexterm>
506        </listitem>
507      </varlistentry>
508
509      <varlistentry id="sprof">
510        <term><command>sprof</command></term>
511        <listitem>
512          <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
513          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
514            <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
515          </indexterm>
516        </listitem>
517      </varlistentry>
518
519      <varlistentry id="tzselect">
520        <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
521        <listitem>
522          <para>Asks the user about the location of the
523          system and reports the corresponding time zone description</para>
524          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
525            <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
526          </indexterm>
527        </listitem>
528      </varlistentry>
529
530      <varlistentry id="xtrace">
531        <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
532        <listitem>
533          <para>Traces the execution of a program by
534          printing the currently executed function</para>
535          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
536            <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
537          </indexterm>
538        </listitem>
539      </varlistentry>
540
541      <varlistentry id="zdump">
542        <term><command>zdump</command></term>
543        <listitem>
544          <para>The time zone dumper</para>
545          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
546            <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
547          </indexterm>
548        </listitem>
549      </varlistentry>
550
551      <varlistentry id="zic">
552        <term><command>zic</command></term>
553        <listitem>
554          <para>The time zone compiler</para>
555          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
556            <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
557          </indexterm>
558        </listitem>
559      </varlistentry>
560
561      <varlistentry id="ld.so">
562        <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld.so</filename></term>
563        <listitem>
564          <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
565          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
566            <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld.so</primary>
567          </indexterm>
568        </listitem>
569      </varlistentry>
570
571      <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
572        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
573        <listitem>
574          <para>Used by programs, such as Mozilla, to solve broken locales</para>
575          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
576            <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
577          </indexterm>
578        </listitem>
579      </varlistentry>
580
581      <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
582        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
583        <listitem>
584          <para>The segmentation fault signal handler</para>
585          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
586            <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
587          </indexterm>
588        </listitem>
589      </varlistentry>
590
591      <varlistentry id="libanl">
592        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
593        <listitem>
594          <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
595          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
596            <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
597          </indexterm>
598        </listitem>
599      </varlistentry>
600
601      <varlistentry id="libbsd-compat">
602        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libbsd-compat</filename></term>
603        <listitem>
604          <para>Provides the portability needed
605          in order to run certain Berkey Software Distribution (BSD) programs
606          under Linux</para>
607          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libbsd-compat">
608            <primary sortas="c-libbsd-compat">libbsd-compat</primary>
609          </indexterm>
610        </listitem>
611      </varlistentry>
612
613      <varlistentry id="libc">
614        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
615        <listitem>
616          <para>The main C library</para>
617          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
618            <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
619          </indexterm>
620        </listitem>
621      </varlistentry>
622
623      <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
624        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
625        <listitem>
626          <para>The cryptography library</para>
627          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
628            <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
629          </indexterm>
630        </listitem>
631      </varlistentry>
632
633      <varlistentry id="libdl">
634        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
635        <listitem>
636          <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
637          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
638            <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
639          </indexterm>
640        </listitem>
641      </varlistentry>
642
643      <varlistentry id="libg">
644        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
645        <listitem>
646          <para>A runtime library for <command>g++</command></para>
647          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
648            <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
649          </indexterm>
650        </listitem>
651      </varlistentry>
652
653      <varlistentry id="libieee">
654        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libieee</filename></term>
655        <listitem>
656          <para>The Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE)
657          floating point library</para>
658          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libieee">
659            <primary sortas="c-libieee">libieee</primary>
660          </indexterm>
661        </listitem>
662      </varlistentry>
663
664      <varlistentry id="libm">
665        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
666        <listitem>
667          <para>The mathematical library</para>
668          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
669            <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
670          </indexterm>
671        </listitem>
672      </varlistentry>
673
674      <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
675        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
676        <listitem>
677          <para>Contains code run at boot</para>
678          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
679            <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
680          </indexterm>
681        </listitem>
682      </varlistentry>
683
684      <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
685        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
686        <listitem>
687          <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> (included in Glibc, but
688          not built in a base CLFS system as it has additional dependencies)
689          to help collect information about the memory usage of a program</para>
690          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
691            <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
692          </indexterm>
693        </listitem>
694      </varlistentry>
695
696      <varlistentry id="libnsl">
697        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
698        <listitem>
699          <para>The network services library</para>
700          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
701            <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
702          </indexterm>
703        </listitem>
704      </varlistentry>
705
706      <varlistentry id="libnss">
707        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
708        <listitem>
709          <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
710          resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
711          protocols, etc.</para>
712          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
713            <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
714          </indexterm>
715        </listitem>
716      </varlistentry>
717
718      <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
719        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
720        <listitem>
721          <para>Contains profiling functions used to track the amount of CPU
722          time spent in specific source code lines</para>
723          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
724            <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
725          </indexterm>
726        </listitem>
727      </varlistentry>
728
729      <varlistentry id="libpthread">
730        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
731        <listitem>
732          <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
733          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
734            <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
735          </indexterm>
736        </listitem>
737      </varlistentry>
738
739      <varlistentry id="libresolv">
740        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
741        <listitem>
742          <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
743          packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
744          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
745            <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
746          </indexterm>
747        </listitem>
748      </varlistentry>
749
750      <varlistentry id="librpcsvc">
751        <term><filename class="libraryfile">librpcsvc</filename></term>
752        <listitem>
753          <para>Contains functions providing miscellaneous RPC services</para>
754          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librpcsvc">
755            <primary sortas="c-librpcsvc">librpcsvc</primary>
756          </indexterm>
757        </listitem>
758      </varlistentry>
759
760      <varlistentry id="librt">
761        <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
762        <listitem>
763          <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified by
764          the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
765          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
766            <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
767          </indexterm>
768        </listitem>
769      </varlistentry>
770
771      <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
772        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
773        <listitem>
774          <para>Contains functions useful for
775          building debuggers for multi-threaded programs</para>
776          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
777            <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
778          </indexterm>
779        </listitem>
780      </varlistentry>
781
782      <varlistentry id="libutil">
783        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
784        <listitem>
785          <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
786          many different Unix utilities</para>
787          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
788            <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
789          </indexterm>
790        </listitem>
791      </varlistentry>
792
793    </variablelist>
794
795  </sect2>
796
797</sect1>
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