| 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
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| 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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| 6 | ]>
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| 7 |
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| 8 | <sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
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| 9 | <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
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| 10 |
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| 11 | <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
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| 12 |
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| 13 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
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| 14 | <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
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| 15 | </indexterm>
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| 16 |
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| 17 | <sect2 role="package">
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| 18 | <title/>
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| 19 |
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| 20 | <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
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| 21 | the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
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| 22 | closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
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| 23 | arithmetic, and so on.</para>
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| 24 |
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| 25 | </sect2>
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| 26 |
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| 27 | <sect2 role="installation">
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| 28 | <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
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| 29 |
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| 30 | <note os="z">
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| 31 | <para>Some packages outside of CLFS suggest installing GNU libiconv in
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| 32 | order to translate data from one encoding to another. The project's
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| 33 | home page (<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/"/>) says
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| 34 | <quote>This library provides an <function>iconv()</function>
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| 35 | implementation, for use on systems which don't have one, or whose
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| 36 | implementation cannot convert from/to Unicode.</quote> Glibc provides
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| 37 | an <function>iconv()</function> implementation and can convert from/to
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| 38 | Unicode, therefore libiconv is not required on a CLFS system.</para>
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| 39 | </note>
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| 40 |
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| 41 | <para os="b">The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
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| 42 | perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
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| 43 | pointing at <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
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| 44 | and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
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| 45 | Glibc autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
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| 46 | of achieving a clean build.</para>
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| 47 |
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| 48 | <para os="c">The following patch fixes an issue that can
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| 49 | cause <command>localdef</command> to segfault:</para>
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| 50 |
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| 51 | <screen os="d"><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-localedef_segfault-patch;</userinput></screen>
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| 52 |
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| 53 | <para os="p1">The following patch fixes an issue with iconv:</para>
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| 54 |
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| 55 | <screen os="p2"><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-iconv_fix-patch;</userinput></screen>
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| 56 |
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| 57 | <para os="s1">The following sed fixes a build issue with Glibc. This
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| 58 | will prevent nscd from trying to link to libraries that don't exist:</para>
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| 59 |
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| 60 | <screen os="s2"><userinput>cp -v nscd/Makefile{,.orig}
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| 61 | sed -e "/nscd_stat.o: sysincludes = # nothing/d" nscd/Makefile.orig > \
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| 62 | nscd/Makefile</userinput></screen>
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| 63 |
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| 64 | <para os="e">The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc outside of the
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| 65 | source directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
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| 66 |
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| 67 | <screen os="f"><userinput>mkdir -v ../glibc-build
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| 68 | cd ../glibc-build</userinput></screen>
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| 69 |
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| 70 | <para os="g">Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
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| 71 |
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| 72 | <screen os="h"><userinput>../glibc-&glibc-version;/configure --prefix=/usr \
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| 73 | --disable-profile --enable-add-ons --enable-kernel=2.6.0 \
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| 74 | --libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</userinput></screen>
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| 75 |
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| 76 | <variablelist os="i">
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| 77 | <title>The meaning of the new configure option:</title>
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| 78 |
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| 79 | <varlistentry>
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| 80 | <term><parameter>--libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</parameter></term>
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| 81 | <listitem>
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| 82 | <para>This changes the location of the <command>pt_chown</command>
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| 83 | program from its default of <filename
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| 84 | class="directory">/usr/libexec</filename> to <filename
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| 85 | class="directory">/usr/lib/glibc</filename>.</para>
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| 86 | </listitem>
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| 87 | </varlistentry>
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| 88 | </variablelist>
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| 89 |
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| 90 | <para os="j">Compile the package:</para>
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| 91 |
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| 92 | <screen os="k"><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
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| 93 |
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| 94 | <important os="l">
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| 95 | <para>The test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
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| 96 | Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
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| 97 | </important>
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| 98 |
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| 99 | <para os="m">Test the results:</para>
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| 100 |
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| 101 | <!-- items n,o,p no longer the master, use x86_64 which has no failures -->
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| 102 |
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| 103 | <screen os="n"><userinput>make -k check >glibc-check-log 2>&1 ; grep Error glibc-check-log</userinput></screen>
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| 104 |
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| 105 | <para os="o">The Glibc test suite is highly dependent on certain functions of
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| 106 | the host system, in particular the kernel. In general, the Glibc test
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| 107 | suite is always expected to pass. However, in certain circumstances,
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| 108 | some failures are unavoidable. This is a list of the most common
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| 109 | issues:</para>
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| 110 |
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| 111 | <itemizedlist os="p">
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| 112 | <listitem>
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| 113 | <para>The <emphasis>math</emphasis> tests, at least on i686, fail in
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| 114 | the <emphasis>test-double</emphasis> and <emphasis>test-idouble</emphasis>
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| 115 | tests with gcc-&gcc-version;, the <command>grep</command> command will
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| 116 | also report an expected (ignored) failure in <emphasis>posix/annexc
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| 117 | </emphasis>. These two failures in the math tests appear to be harmless.
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| 118 | The math tests may also fail on systems where the CPU is not a relatively
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| 119 | new genuine Intel or authentic AMD. Certain optimization settings are
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| 120 | also known to be a factor here.</para>
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| 121 | </listitem>
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| 122 | <listitem>
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| 123 | <para>The <emphasis>gettext</emphasis> test sometimes fails due to
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| 124 | host system issues. The exact reasons are not yet clear.</para>
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| 125 | </listitem>
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| 126 | <listitem>
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| 127 | <para>If you have mounted the CLFS partition with the
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| 128 | <parameter>noatime</parameter> option, the <emphasis>atime</emphasis> test
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| 129 | will fail. As mentioned in <xref linkend="ch-partitioning-mounting"/>,
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| 130 | do not use the <parameter>noatime</parameter> option while building
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| 131 | CLFS.</para>
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| 132 | </listitem>
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| 133 | <listitem>
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| 134 | <para>When running on older and slower hardware, some tests
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| 135 | can fail because of test timeouts being exceeded.</para>
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| 136 | </listitem>
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| 137 | </itemizedlist>
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| 138 |
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| 139 | <para os="q">Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
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| 140 | complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
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| 141 | Prevent this warning with:</para>
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| 142 |
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| 143 | <screen os="r"><userinput>touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
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| 144 |
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| 145 | <para os="s">Install the package:</para>
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| 146 |
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| 147 | <screen os="t"><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
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| 148 |
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| 149 | </sect2>
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| 150 |
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| 151 | <sect2 id="i18n-glibc" role="configuration">
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| 152 | <title>Internationalization</title>
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| 153 |
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| 154 | <para>The locales that can make the system respond in a different
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| 155 | language were not installed by the above command. Install them
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| 156 | with:</para>
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| 157 |
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| 158 | <screen><userinput>make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
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| 159 |
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| 160 | <para>To save time, an alternative to running the previous command (which
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| 161 | generates and installs every locale listed in the
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| 162 | glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED file) is to install only
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| 163 | those locales that are wanted and needed. This can be achieved by using
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| 164 | the <command>localedef</command> command. Information on this command is
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| 165 | located in the <filename>INSTALL</filename> file in the Glibc source.
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| 166 | However, there are a number of locales that are essential in order for the
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| 167 | tests of future packages to pass, in particular, the
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| 168 | <emphasis>libstdc++</emphasis> tests from GCC. The following instructions,
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| 169 | instead of the <parameter>install-locales</parameter> target used above,
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| 170 | will install the minimum set of locales necessary for the tests to run
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| 171 | successfully:</para>
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| 172 |
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| 173 | <screen role="nodump"><userinput>mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
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| 174 | localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
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| 175 | localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
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| 176 | localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
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| 177 | localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
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| 178 | localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
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| 179 | localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
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| 180 | localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
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| 181 | localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
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| 182 | localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
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| 183 | localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
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| 184 | localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP</userinput></screen>
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| 185 |
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| 186 | <para>Some locales installed by the <command>make
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| 187 | localedata/install-locales</command> command above are not properly
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| 188 | supported by some applications that are in the CLFS and BLFS books. Because
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| 189 | of the various problems that arise due to application programmers making
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| 190 | assumptions that break in such locales, CLFS should not be used in locales
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| 191 | that utilize multibyte character sets (including UTF-8) or right-to-left
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| 192 | writing order. Numerous unofficial and unstable patches are required to
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| 193 | fix these problems, and it has been decided by the CLFS developers not to
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| 194 | support such complex locales at this time. This applies to the ja_JP and
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| 195 | fa_IR locales as well—they have been installed only for GCC and
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| 196 | Gettext tests to pass, and the <command>watch</command> program (part of
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| 197 | the Procps package) does not work properly in them. Various attempts to
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| 198 | circumvent these restrictions are documented in internationalization-related
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| 199 | hints.</para>
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| 200 |
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| 201 | </sect2>
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| 202 |
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| 203 | <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
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| 204 | <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
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| 205 |
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| 206 | <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
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| 207 | <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
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| 208 | </indexterm>
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| 209 |
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| 210 | <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
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| 211 | <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
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| 212 | </indexterm>
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| 213 |
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| 214 | <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
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| 215 | because, although Glibc provides defaults when this file is missing or
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| 216 | corrupt, the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment.
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| 217 | The time zone also needs to be configured.</para>
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| 218 |
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| 219 | <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running
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| 220 | the following:</para>
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| 221 |
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| 222 | <screen><userinput>cat > /etc/nsswitch.conf << "EOF"
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| 223 | <literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
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| 224 |
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| 225 | passwd: files
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| 226 | group: files
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| 227 | shadow: files
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| 228 |
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| 229 | hosts: files dns
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| 230 | networks: files
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| 231 |
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| 232 | protocols: files
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| 233 | services: files
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| 234 | ethers: files
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| 235 | rpc: files
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| 236 |
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| 237 | # End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
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| 238 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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| 239 |
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| 240 | <para>To determine the local time zone, run the following script:</para>
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| 241 |
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| 242 | <screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
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| 243 |
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| 244 | <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
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| 245 | output the name of the time zone (e.g., <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> or
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| 246 | <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis>). Then create the
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| 247 | <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by running:</para>
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| 248 |
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| 249 | <screen><userinput>cp -v --remove-destination /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>[xxx]</replaceable> \
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| 250 | /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
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| 251 |
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| 252 | <para>Replace <replaceable>[xxx]</replaceable> with the name of the time zone
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| 253 | that <command>tzselect</command> provided (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
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| 254 |
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| 255 | <variablelist>
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| 256 | <title>The meaning of the cp option:</title>
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| 257 |
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| 258 | <varlistentry>
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| 259 | <term><parameter>--remove-destination</parameter></term>
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| 260 | <listitem>
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| 261 | <para>This is needed to force removal of the already existing symbolic
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| 262 | link. The reason for copying the file instead of using a symlink is to
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| 263 | cover the situation where <filename class="directory">/usr</filename>
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| 264 | is on a separate partition. This could be important when booted into
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| 265 | single user mode.</para>
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| 266 | </listitem>
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| 267 | </varlistentry>
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| 268 | </variablelist>
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| 269 |
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| 270 | </sect2>
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| 271 |
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| 272 | <sect2 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
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| 273 | <title>Configuring The Dynamic Loader</title>
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| 274 |
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| 275 | <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
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| 276 | <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
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| 277 | </indexterm>
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| 278 |
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| 279 | <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
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| 280 | class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
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| 281 | <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
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| 282 | class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
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| 283 | needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
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| 284 | directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
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| 285 | <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be
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| 286 | added to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order
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| 287 | for the dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly
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| 288 | known to contain additional libraries are <filename
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| 289 | class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
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| 290 | class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
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| 291 | dynamic loader's search path.</para>
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| 292 |
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| 293 | <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
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| 294 | following:</para>
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| 295 |
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| 296 | <screen><userinput>cat > /etc/ld.so.conf << "EOF"
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| 297 | <literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
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| 298 |
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| 299 | /usr/local/lib
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| 300 | /opt/lib
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| 301 |
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| 302 | # End /etc/ld.so.conf</literal>
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| 303 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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| 304 |
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| 305 | </sect2>
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| 306 |
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| 307 | <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
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| 308 | <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
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| 309 |
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| 310 | <segmentedlist>
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| 311 | <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
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| 312 | <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
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| 313 |
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| 314 | <seglistitem>
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| 315 | <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
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| 316 | ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, mtrace, nscd,
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| 317 | pcprofiledump, pt_chown, rpcgen, rpcinfo, sln, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
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| 318 | zdump, and zic</seg>
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| 319 | <seg>ld.so, libBrokenLocale.[a,so], libSegFault.so, libanl.[a,so],
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| 320 | libbsd-compat.a, libc.[a,so], libcrypt.[a,so], libdl.[a,so], libg.a,
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| 321 | libieee.a, libm.[a,so], libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libnsl.a,
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| 322 | libnss_compat.so, libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so,
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| 323 | libnss_nis.so, libnss_nisplus.so, libpcprofile.so, libpthread.[a,so],
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| 324 | libresolv.[a,so], librpcsvc.a, librt.[a,so], libthread_db.so, and
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| 325 | libutil.[a,so]</seg>
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| 326 | </seglistitem>
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| 327 | </segmentedlist>
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| 328 |
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| 329 | <variablelist>
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| 330 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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| 331 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
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| 332 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
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| 333 |
|
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| 334 | <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
|
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| 335 | <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
|
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| 336 | <listitem>
|
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| 337 | <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
|
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| 338 | terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
|
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| 339 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
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| 340 | <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
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| 341 | </indexterm>
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| 342 | </listitem>
|
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| 343 | </varlistentry>
|
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| 344 |
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| 345 | <varlistentry id="gencat">
|
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| 346 | <term><command>gencat</command></term>
|
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| 347 | <listitem>
|
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| 348 | <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
|
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| 349 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
|
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| 350 | <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
|
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| 351 | </indexterm>
|
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| 352 | </listitem>
|
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| 353 | </varlistentry>
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| 354 |
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| 355 | <varlistentry id="getconf">
|
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| 356 | <term><command>getconf</command></term>
|
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| 357 | <listitem>
|
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| 358 | <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system specific
|
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| 359 | variables</para>
|
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| 360 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
|
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| 361 | <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
|
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| 362 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 363 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 364 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 365 |
|
|---|
| 366 | <varlistentry id="getent">
|
|---|
| 367 | <term><command>getent</command></term>
|
|---|
| 368 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 369 | <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
|
|---|
| 370 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
|
|---|
| 371 | <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
|
|---|
| 372 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 373 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 374 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 375 |
|
|---|
| 376 | <varlistentry id="iconv">
|
|---|
| 377 | <term><command>iconv</command></term>
|
|---|
| 378 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 379 | <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
|
|---|
| 380 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
|
|---|
| 381 | <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
|
|---|
| 382 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 383 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 384 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 385 |
|
|---|
| 386 | <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
|
|---|
| 387 | <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
|
|---|
| 388 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 389 | <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
|
|---|
| 390 | files</para>
|
|---|
| 391 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
|
|---|
| 392 | <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
|
|---|
| 393 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 394 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 395 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 396 |
|
|---|
| 397 | <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
|
|---|
| 398 | <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
|
|---|
| 399 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 400 | <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
|
|---|
| 401 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
|
|---|
| 402 | <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
|
|---|
| 403 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 404 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 405 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 406 |
|
|---|
| 407 | <varlistentry id="ldd">
|
|---|
| 408 | <term><command>ldd</command></term>
|
|---|
| 409 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 410 | <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
|
|---|
| 411 | by each given program or shared library</para>
|
|---|
| 412 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
|
|---|
| 413 | <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
|
|---|
| 414 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 415 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 416 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 417 |
|
|---|
| 418 | <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
|
|---|
| 419 | <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
|
|---|
| 420 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 421 | <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
|
|---|
| 422 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
|
|---|
| 423 | <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
|
|---|
| 424 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 425 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 426 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 427 |
|
|---|
| 428 | <varlistentry id="locale">
|
|---|
| 429 | <term><command>locale</command></term>
|
|---|
| 430 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 431 | <para>Tells the compiler to enable or disable the use of POSIX locales
|
|---|
| 432 | for built-in operations</para>
|
|---|
| 433 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
|
|---|
| 434 | <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
|
|---|
| 435 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 436 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 437 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 438 |
|
|---|
| 439 | <varlistentry id="localedef">
|
|---|
| 440 | <term><command>localedef</command></term>
|
|---|
| 441 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 442 | <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
|
|---|
| 443 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
|
|---|
| 444 | <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
|
|---|
| 445 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 446 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 447 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 448 |
|
|---|
| 449 | <varlistentry id="mtrace">
|
|---|
| 450 | <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
|
|---|
| 451 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 452 | <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and
|
|---|
| 453 | displays a summary in human-readable format</para>
|
|---|
| 454 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
|
|---|
| 455 | <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
|
|---|
| 456 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 457 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 458 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 459 |
|
|---|
| 460 | <varlistentry id="nscd">
|
|---|
| 461 | <term><command>nscd</command></term>
|
|---|
| 462 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 463 | <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
|
|---|
| 464 | service requests</para>
|
|---|
| 465 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
|
|---|
| 466 | <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
|
|---|
| 467 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 468 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 469 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 470 |
|
|---|
| 471 | <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
|
|---|
| 472 | <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
|
|---|
| 473 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 474 | <para>Dumps information generated by PC profiling</para>
|
|---|
| 475 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
|
|---|
| 476 | <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
|
|---|
| 477 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 478 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 479 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 480 |
|
|---|
| 481 | <varlistentry id="pt_chown">
|
|---|
| 482 | <term><command>pt_chown</command></term>
|
|---|
| 483 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 484 | <para>A helper program for <command>grantpt</command> to set the owner,
|
|---|
| 485 | group and access permissions of a slave pseudo terminal</para>
|
|---|
| 486 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pt_chown">
|
|---|
| 487 | <primary sortas="b-pt_chown">pt_chown</primary>
|
|---|
| 488 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 489 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 490 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 491 |
|
|---|
| 492 | <varlistentry id="rpcgen">
|
|---|
| 493 | <term><command>rpcgen</command></term>
|
|---|
| 494 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 495 | <para>Generates C code to implement the Remote Procecure Call (RPC)
|
|---|
| 496 | protocol</para>
|
|---|
| 497 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcgen">
|
|---|
| 498 | <primary sortas="b-rpcgen">rpcgen</primary>
|
|---|
| 499 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 500 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 501 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 502 |
|
|---|
| 503 | <varlistentry id="rpcinfo">
|
|---|
| 504 | <term><command>rpcinfo</command></term>
|
|---|
| 505 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 506 | <para>Makes an RPC call to an RPC server</para>
|
|---|
| 507 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcinfo">
|
|---|
| 508 | <primary sortas="b-rpcinfo">rpcinfo</primary>
|
|---|
| 509 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 510 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 511 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 512 |
|
|---|
| 513 | <varlistentry id="sln">
|
|---|
| 514 | <term><command>sln</command></term>
|
|---|
| 515 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 516 | <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
|
|---|
| 517 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
|
|---|
| 518 | <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
|
|---|
| 519 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 520 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 521 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 522 |
|
|---|
| 523 | <varlistentry id="sprof">
|
|---|
| 524 | <term><command>sprof</command></term>
|
|---|
| 525 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 526 | <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
|
|---|
| 527 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
|
|---|
| 528 | <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
|
|---|
| 529 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 530 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 531 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 532 |
|
|---|
| 533 | <varlistentry id="tzselect">
|
|---|
| 534 | <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
|
|---|
| 535 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 536 | <para>Asks the user about the location of the
|
|---|
| 537 | system and reports the corresponding time zone description</para>
|
|---|
| 538 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
|
|---|
| 539 | <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
|
|---|
| 540 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 541 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 542 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 543 |
|
|---|
| 544 | <varlistentry id="xtrace">
|
|---|
| 545 | <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
|
|---|
| 546 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 547 | <para>Traces the execution of a program by
|
|---|
| 548 | printing the currently executed function</para>
|
|---|
| 549 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
|
|---|
| 550 | <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
|
|---|
| 551 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 552 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 553 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 554 |
|
|---|
| 555 | <varlistentry id="zdump">
|
|---|
| 556 | <term><command>zdump</command></term>
|
|---|
| 557 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 558 | <para>The time zone dumper</para>
|
|---|
| 559 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
|
|---|
| 560 | <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
|
|---|
| 561 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 562 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 563 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 564 |
|
|---|
| 565 | <varlistentry id="zic">
|
|---|
| 566 | <term><command>zic</command></term>
|
|---|
| 567 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 568 | <para>The time zone compiler</para>
|
|---|
| 569 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
|
|---|
| 570 | <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
|
|---|
| 571 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 572 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 573 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 574 |
|
|---|
| 575 | <varlistentry id="ld.so">
|
|---|
| 576 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld.so</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 577 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 578 | <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
|
|---|
| 579 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
|
|---|
| 580 | <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld.so</primary>
|
|---|
| 581 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 582 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 583 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 584 |
|
|---|
| 585 | <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
|
|---|
| 586 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 587 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 588 | <para>Used by programs, such as Mozilla, to solve broken locales</para>
|
|---|
| 589 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
|
|---|
| 590 | <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
|
|---|
| 591 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 592 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 593 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 594 |
|
|---|
| 595 | <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
|
|---|
| 596 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 597 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 598 | <para>The segmentation fault signal handler</para>
|
|---|
| 599 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
|
|---|
| 600 | <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
|
|---|
| 601 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 602 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 603 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 604 |
|
|---|
| 605 | <varlistentry id="libanl">
|
|---|
| 606 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 607 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 608 | <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
|
|---|
| 609 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
|
|---|
| 610 | <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
|
|---|
| 611 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 612 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 613 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 614 |
|
|---|
| 615 | <varlistentry id="libbsd-compat">
|
|---|
| 616 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libbsd-compat</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 617 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 618 | <para>Provides the portability needed
|
|---|
| 619 | in order to run certain Berkey Software Distribution (BSD) programs
|
|---|
| 620 | under Linux</para>
|
|---|
| 621 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libbsd-compat">
|
|---|
| 622 | <primary sortas="c-libbsd-compat">libbsd-compat</primary>
|
|---|
| 623 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 624 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 625 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 626 |
|
|---|
| 627 | <varlistentry id="libc">
|
|---|
| 628 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 629 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 630 | <para>The main C library</para>
|
|---|
| 631 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
|
|---|
| 632 | <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
|
|---|
| 633 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 634 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 635 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 636 |
|
|---|
| 637 | <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
|
|---|
| 638 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 639 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 640 | <para>The cryptography library</para>
|
|---|
| 641 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
|
|---|
| 642 | <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
|
|---|
| 643 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 644 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 645 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 646 |
|
|---|
| 647 | <varlistentry id="libdl">
|
|---|
| 648 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 649 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 650 | <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
|
|---|
| 651 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
|
|---|
| 652 | <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
|
|---|
| 653 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 654 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 655 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 656 |
|
|---|
| 657 | <varlistentry id="libg">
|
|---|
| 658 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 659 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 660 | <para>A runtime library for <command>g++</command></para>
|
|---|
| 661 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
|
|---|
| 662 | <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
|
|---|
| 663 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 664 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 665 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 666 |
|
|---|
| 667 | <varlistentry id="libieee">
|
|---|
| 668 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libieee</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 669 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 670 | <para>The Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE)
|
|---|
| 671 | floating point library</para>
|
|---|
| 672 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libieee">
|
|---|
| 673 | <primary sortas="c-libieee">libieee</primary>
|
|---|
| 674 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 675 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 676 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 677 |
|
|---|
| 678 | <varlistentry id="libm">
|
|---|
| 679 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 680 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 681 | <para>The mathematical library</para>
|
|---|
| 682 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
|
|---|
| 683 | <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
|
|---|
| 684 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 685 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 686 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 687 |
|
|---|
| 688 | <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
|
|---|
| 689 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 690 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 691 | <para>Contains code run at boot</para>
|
|---|
| 692 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
|
|---|
| 693 | <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
|
|---|
| 694 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 695 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 696 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 697 |
|
|---|
| 698 | <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
|
|---|
| 699 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 700 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 701 | <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
|
|---|
| 702 | information about the memory usage of a program</para>
|
|---|
| 703 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
|
|---|
| 704 | <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
|
|---|
| 705 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 706 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 707 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 708 |
|
|---|
| 709 | <varlistentry id="libnsl">
|
|---|
| 710 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 711 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 712 | <para>The network services library</para>
|
|---|
| 713 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
|
|---|
| 714 | <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
|
|---|
| 715 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 716 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 717 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 718 |
|
|---|
| 719 | <varlistentry id="libnss">
|
|---|
| 720 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 721 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 722 | <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
|
|---|
| 723 | resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
|
|---|
| 724 | protocols, etc.</para>
|
|---|
| 725 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
|
|---|
| 726 | <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
|
|---|
| 727 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 728 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 729 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 730 |
|
|---|
| 731 | <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
|
|---|
| 732 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 733 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 734 | <para>Contains profiling functions used to track the amount of CPU
|
|---|
| 735 | time spent in specific source code lines</para>
|
|---|
| 736 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
|
|---|
| 737 | <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
|
|---|
| 738 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 739 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 740 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 741 |
|
|---|
| 742 | <varlistentry id="libpthread">
|
|---|
| 743 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 744 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 745 | <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
|
|---|
| 746 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
|
|---|
| 747 | <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
|
|---|
| 748 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 749 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 750 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 751 |
|
|---|
| 752 | <varlistentry id="libresolv">
|
|---|
| 753 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 754 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 755 | <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
|
|---|
| 756 | packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
|
|---|
| 757 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
|
|---|
| 758 | <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
|
|---|
| 759 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 760 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 761 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 762 |
|
|---|
| 763 | <varlistentry id="librpcsvc">
|
|---|
| 764 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">librpcsvc</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 765 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 766 | <para>Contains functions providing miscellaneous RPC services</para>
|
|---|
| 767 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librpcsvc">
|
|---|
| 768 | <primary sortas="c-librpcsvc">librpcsvc</primary>
|
|---|
| 769 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 770 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 771 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 772 |
|
|---|
| 773 | <varlistentry id="librt">
|
|---|
| 774 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 775 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 776 | <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified by
|
|---|
| 777 | the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
|
|---|
| 778 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
|
|---|
| 779 | <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
|
|---|
| 780 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 781 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 782 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 783 |
|
|---|
| 784 | <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
|
|---|
| 785 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 786 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 787 | <para>Contains functions useful for
|
|---|
| 788 | building debuggers for multi-threaded programs</para>
|
|---|
| 789 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
|
|---|
| 790 | <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
|
|---|
| 791 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 792 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 793 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 794 |
|
|---|
| 795 | <varlistentry id="libutil">
|
|---|
| 796 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 797 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 798 | <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
|
|---|
| 799 | many different Unix utilities</para>
|
|---|
| 800 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
|
|---|
| 801 | <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
|
|---|
| 802 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 803 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 804 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 805 |
|
|---|
| 806 | </variablelist>
|
|---|
| 807 |
|
|---|
| 808 | </sect2>
|
|---|
| 809 |
|
|---|
| 810 | </sect1>
|
|---|
