source: BOOK/final-system/common/glibc.xml @ 34649df

clfs-3.0.0-sysvinitsysvinit
Last change on this file since 34649df was 34649df, checked in by Chris Staub <chris@…>, 10 years ago

More consistently use 'test suite' rather than 'testsuite'

Conflicts:

BOOK/appendices/dependencies/common.xml
BOOK/final-system/common/dbus.xml

  • Property mode set to 100644
File size: 34.7 KB
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3  "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4  <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
5  %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9  <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11  <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
12
13  <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
14    <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
15  </indexterm>
16
17  <sect2 role="package">
18    <title/>
19
20    <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
21    the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
22    closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
23    arithmetic, and so on.</para>
24
25  </sect2>
26
27  <sect2 role="installation">
28    <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
29
30    <note os="z">
31      <para>Some packages outside of CLFS suggest installing GNU libiconv in
32      order to translate data from one encoding to another. The project's
33      home page (<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/"/>) says
34      <quote>This library provides an <function>iconv()</function>
35      implementation, for use on systems which don't have one, or whose
36      implementation cannot convert from/to Unicode.</quote> Glibc provides
37      an <function>iconv()</function> implementation and can convert from/to
38      Unicode, therefore libiconv is not required on a CLFS system.</para>
39    </note>
40
41    <para os="l1">At the end of the installation, the build system will run
42    a sanity test to make sure everything installed properly. This script will
43    attempt to test for a library that is only used in the test suite and is
44    never installed. Prevent the script from testing for this library with the
45    following command:</para>
46
47<screen os="l2"><userinput>sed -i 's/\(&amp;&amp; $name ne\) "db1"/ &amp; \1 "nss_test1"/' scripts/test-installation.pl</userinput></screen>
48
49    <para os="l3">This same script performs its tests by attempting to compile
50    test programs against certain libraries. However it does not specify the
51    ld.so, and our toolchain is still configured to use the one in /tools. The
52    following set of commands will force the script to use the complete path
53    of the new ld.so that was just installed:</para>
54
55<screen os="l4"><userinput>LINKER=$(readelf -l /tools/bin/bash | sed -n 's@.*interpret.*/tools\(.*\)]$@\1@p')
56sed -i "s|libs -o|libs -L/usr/lib -Wl,-dynamic-linker=${LINKER} -o|" \
57  scripts/test-installation.pl
58unset LINKER</userinput></screen>
59
60    <para os="b">The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
61    perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
62    pointing at <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
63    and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
64    Glibc Autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
65    of achieving a clean build.</para>
66
67    <para os="s1">Apply the following sed so the <command>tzselect</command> script works properly:</para>
68
69<screen os="s2"><userinput>sed -i 's/\\$$(pwd)/`pwd`/' timezone/Makefile</userinput></screen>
70
71    <para os="e">The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc outside of     the source directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
72
73<screen os="f"><userinput>mkdir -v ../glibc-build
74cd ../glibc-build</userinput></screen>
75
76    <para os="g">Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
77
78<screen os="h"><userinput>../glibc-&glibc-version;/configure --prefix=/usr \
79    --disable-profile --enable-kernel=2.6.32 --libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc \
80    --enable-obsolete-rpc</userinput></screen>
81
82    <variablelist os="i">
83      <title>The meaning of the new configure option:</title>
84
85      <varlistentry>
86        <term><parameter>--libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</parameter></term>
87        <listitem>
88          <para>This changes the location of the <command>getconf</command>
89          utility from its default of <filename
90          class="directory">/usr/libexec</filename> to <filename
91          class="directory">/usr/lib/glibc</filename>.</para>
92        </listitem>
93      </varlistentry>
94    </variablelist>
95
96    <para os="j">Compile the package:</para>
97
98<screen os="k"><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
99
100    <important os="l">
101      <para>The test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
102      Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
103    </important>
104
105    <para os="m">Use the following commands to run the test suite and output
106    any test failures:</para>
107
108<!-- items n,o,p no longer the master, use x86_64 which has no failures -->
109
110<screen os="n"><userinput remap="test">make -k check 2&gt;&amp;1 | tee glibc-check-log; grep Error glibc-check-log</userinput></screen>
111
112    <para os="o">The Glibc test suite is highly dependent on certain functions of
113    the host system, in particular the kernel. The <emphasis>posix/annexc</emphasis> and
114    <emphasis>conform/run-conformtest</emphasis> tests normally fail
115    and you should see <literal>Error 1 (ignored)</literal> in the output. Apart
116    from this, the Glibc test suite is always expected to pass. However, in certain
117    circumstances, some failures are unavoidable. If a test fails because of a missing
118    program (or missing symbolic link), or a segfault, you will see an error code
119    greater than 127 and the details will be in the log. More commonly, tests will
120    fail with <literal>Error 2</literal> - for these, the contents of the corresponding
121    <filename>.out</filename> file, e.g. <filename>posix/annexc.out</filename> may be
122    informative. Here is a list of the most common issues:</para>
123
124    <itemizedlist os="p">
125      <listitem>
126        <para>The <emphasis>nptl/tst-clock2</emphasis>,
127        <emphasis>nptl/tst-attr3</emphasis>,
128        <emphasis>tst/tst-cputimer1</emphasis>, and
129        <emphasis>rt/tst-cpuclock2</emphasis>
130        tests have been known to fail.  The
131        reason is not completely understood, but indications are that minor
132        timing issues can trigger these failures.</para>
133      </listitem>
134      <listitem>
135        <para>The <emphasis>math</emphasis> tests sometimes fail.
136        Certain optimization settings are known to be a
137        factor here.</para>
138      </listitem>
139      <listitem>
140        <para>If you have mounted the CLFS partition with the
141        <parameter>noatime</parameter> option, the <emphasis>atime</emphasis> test
142        will fail. As mentioned in <xref linkend="ch-partitioning-mounting"/>,
143        do not use the <parameter>noatime</parameter> option while building
144        CLFS.</para>
145      </listitem>
146      <listitem>
147        <para>When running on older and slower hardware, some tests
148        can fail because of test timeouts being exceeded.
149        Modifying the make check command to set a TIMEOUTFACTOR is reported to
150        help eliminate these errors (e.g. <command>TIMEOUTFACTOR=16
151        make -k check</command>).</para>
152      </listitem>
153      <listitem>
154        <para>posix/tst-getaddrinfo4 will always fail due to not having a network
155        connection when the test is run.</para>
156      </listitem>
157    </itemizedlist>
158
159    <para os="q">Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
160    complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
161    Prevent this warning with:</para>
162
163<screen os="r"><userinput>touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
164
165    <para os="s">Install the package, and remove unneeded files from
166    <filename class="directory">/usr/include/rpcsvc</filename>:</para>
167
168<screen os="t"><userinput>make install &amp;&amp;
169rm -v /usr/include/rpcsvc/*.x</userinput></screen>
170
171    <para os="u">Install the configuration file and runtime directory for
172    <command>nscd</command>:</para>
173
174<screen os="v"><userinput>cp -v ../glibc-2.19/nscd/nscd.conf /etc/nscd.conf
175mkdir -pv /var/cache/nscd</userinput></screen>
176
177  </sect2>
178
179  <sect2 id="i18n-glibc" role="configuration">
180    <title>Internationalization</title>
181
182    <para>The locales that can make the system respond in a different
183    language were not installed by the above command. Install them
184    with:</para>
185
186<screen><userinput>make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
187
188    <para>To save time, an alternative to running the previous command (which
189    generates and installs every locale listed in the
190    <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file) is
191    to install only those locales that are wanted and needed. This can be
192    achieved by using the <command>localedef</command> command. Information on
193    this command is located in the <filename>INSTALL</filename> file in the
194    Glibc source. However, there are a number of locales that are essential in
195    order for the tests of future packages to pass, in particular, the
196    <emphasis>libstdc++</emphasis> tests from GCC. The following instructions,
197    instead of the <parameter>install-locales</parameter> target used above,
198    will install the minimum set of locales necessary for the tests to run
199    successfully:</para>
200
201<screen role="nodump"><userinput>mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
202localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
203localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
204localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
205localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
206localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
207localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
208localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
209localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
210localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
211localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
212localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
213localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP</userinput></screen>
214
215    <para>Some locales installed by the <command>make
216    localedata/install-locales</command> command above are not properly
217    supported by some applications that are in CLFS and CBLFS. Because
218    of the various problems that arise due to application programmers making
219    assumptions that break in such locales, CLFS should not be used in locales
220    that utilize multibyte character sets (including UTF-8) or right-to-left
221    writing order.  Numerous unofficial and unstable patches are required to
222    fix these problems, and it has been decided by the CLFS developers not to
223    support such complex locales at this time. This applies to the ja_JP and
224    fa_IR locales as well&mdash;they have been installed only for GCC and
225    Gettext tests to pass, and the <command>watch</command> program (part of
226    the Procps-ng package) does not work properly in them. Various attempts to
227    circumvent these restrictions are documented in internationalization-related
228    hints.</para>
229
230  </sect2>
231
232  <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
233    <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
234
235    <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
236      <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
237    </indexterm>
238
239    <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
240      <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
241    </indexterm>
242
243    <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
244    because, although Glibc provides defaults when this file is missing or
245    corrupt, the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment.
246    The time zone also needs to be configured.</para>
247
248    <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running
249    the following:</para>
250
251<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
252<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
253
254passwd: files
255group: files
256shadow: files
257
258hosts: files dns
259networks: files
260
261protocols: files
262services: files
263ethers: files
264rpc: files
265
266# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
267EOF</userinput></screen>
268
269    <para>Install timezone data:</para>
270<screen><userinput>tar -xf ../tzdata&tzdata-version;.tar.gz
271
272ZONEINFO=/usr/share/zoneinfo
273mkdir -pv $ZONEINFO/{posix,right}
274
275for tz in etcetera southamerica northamerica europe africa antarctica  \
276          asia australasia backward pacificnew \
277          systemv; do
278    zic -L /dev/null   -d $ZONEINFO       -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
279    zic -L /dev/null   -d $ZONEINFO/posix -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
280    zic -L leapseconds -d $ZONEINFO/right -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
281done
282
283cp -v zone.tab iso3166.tab $ZONEINFO
284zic -d $ZONEINFO -p America/New_York
285unset ZONEINFO</userinput></screen>
286
287    <variablelist>
288      <title>The meaning of the zic commands:</title>
289
290      <varlistentry>
291        <term><parameter>zic -L /dev/null ...</parameter></term>
292        <listitem>
293          <para>This creates posix timezones, without any leap seconds.  It is
294          conventional to put these in both
295          <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename> and
296          <filename class="directory">zoneinfo/posix</filename>. It is
297          necessary to put the POSIX timezones in
298          <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename>, otherwise various
299          test-suites will report errors. On an embedded system, where space is
300          tight and you do not intend to ever update the timezones, you could save
301          1.9MB by not using the <filename class="directory">posix</filename>
302          directory, but some applications or test-suites might give less good
303          results</para>
304        </listitem>
305      </varlistentry>
306      <varlistentry>
307        <term><parameter>zic -L leapseconds ...</parameter></term>
308        <listitem>
309          <para>This creates right timezones, including leap seconds. On an
310          embedded system, where space is tight and you do not intend to
311          ever update the timezones, or care about the correct time, you could
312          save 1.9MB by omitting the <filename class="directory">right</filename>
313          directory.</para>
314        </listitem>
315      </varlistentry>
316      <varlistentry>
317        <term><parameter>zic ... -p ...</parameter></term>
318        <listitem>
319          <para>This creates the <filename>posixrules</filename> file. We use
320          New York because POSIX requires the daylight savings time rules
321          to be in accordance with US rules.</para>
322        </listitem>
323      </varlistentry>
324    </variablelist>
325
326    <para>To determine the local time zone, run the following script:</para>
327
328<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
329
330    <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
331    output the name of the time zone (e.g., <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> or
332    <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis>). Then create the
333    <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by running:</para>
334
335<screen><userinput>cp -v /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>[xxx]</replaceable> \
336    /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
337
338    <para>Replace <replaceable>[xxx]</replaceable> with the name of the time zone
339    that <command>tzselect</command> provided (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
340
341  </sect2>
342
343  <sect2 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
344    <title>Configuring The Dynamic Loader</title>
345
346    <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
347      <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
348    </indexterm>
349
350    <para os="ld-a">By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
351    class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
352    <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
353    class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
354    needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
355    directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
356    <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be
357    added to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order
358    for the dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly
359    known to contain additional libraries are <filename
360    class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
361    class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
362    dynamic loader's search path.</para>
363
364    <para os="ld-b">Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
365    following:</para>
366
367<screen os="ld-c"><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
368<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
369
370/usr/local/lib
371/opt/lib
372
373# End /etc/ld.so.conf</literal>
374EOF</userinput></screen>
375
376  </sect2>
377
378  <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
379    <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
380
381    <segmentedlist>
382      <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
383      <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
384      <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
385
386      <seglistitem>
387        <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
388        ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, makedb, mtrace, nscd,
389        pcprofiledump, pldd, rpcgen, sln, sotruss, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
390        zdump, and zic</seg>
391        <seg>ld.so, libBrokenLocale.[a,so], libSegFault.so, libanl.[a,so],
392        libc.[a,so], libc_nonshared.a, libcidn.[a,so], libcrypt.[a,so],
393        libdl.[a,so], libg.a, libieee.a, libm.[a,so], libmcheck.a,
394        libmemusage.so, libnsl.a, libnss_compat.so, libnss_dns.so,
395        libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so, libnss_nis.so, libnss_nisplus.so,
396        libpcprofile.so, libpthread.[a,so], libpthread_nonshared.a,
397        libresolv.[a,so], librpcsvc.a, librt.[a,so], libthread_db.so, and
398        libutil.[a,so]</seg>
399        <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
400        /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
401        /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
402        /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
403        /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
404        /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc, /usr/include/rpcsvc,
405        /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/audit, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/glibc, /usr/lib/locale,
406        /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo, /var/cache/ldconfig, and
407        /var/cache/nscd</seg>
408      </seglistitem>
409    </segmentedlist>
410
411    <variablelist>
412      <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
413      <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
414      <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
415
416      <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
417        <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
418        <listitem>
419          <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
420          terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
421          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
422            <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
423          </indexterm>
424        </listitem>
425      </varlistentry>
426
427      <varlistentry id="gencat">
428        <term><command>gencat</command></term>
429        <listitem>
430          <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
431          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
432            <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
433          </indexterm>
434        </listitem>
435      </varlistentry>
436
437      <varlistentry id="getconf">
438        <term><command>getconf</command></term>
439        <listitem>
440          <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system specific
441          variables</para>
442          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
443            <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
444          </indexterm>
445        </listitem>
446      </varlistentry>
447
448      <varlistentry id="getent">
449        <term><command>getent</command></term>
450        <listitem>
451          <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
452          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
453            <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
454          </indexterm>
455        </listitem>
456      </varlistentry>
457
458      <varlistentry id="iconv">
459        <term><command>iconv</command></term>
460        <listitem>
461          <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
462          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
463            <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
464          </indexterm>
465        </listitem>
466      </varlistentry>
467
468      <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
469        <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
470        <listitem>
471          <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
472          files</para>
473          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
474            <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
475          </indexterm>
476        </listitem>
477      </varlistentry>
478
479      <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
480        <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
481        <listitem>
482          <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
483          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
484            <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
485          </indexterm>
486        </listitem>
487      </varlistentry>
488
489      <varlistentry id="ldd">
490        <term><command>ldd</command></term>
491        <listitem>
492          <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
493          by each given program or shared library</para>
494          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
495            <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
496          </indexterm>
497        </listitem>
498      </varlistentry>
499
500      <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
501        <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
502        <listitem>
503          <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
504          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
505            <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
506          </indexterm>
507        </listitem>
508      </varlistentry>
509
510      <varlistentry id="locale">
511        <term><command>locale</command></term>
512        <listitem>
513          <para>Tells the compiler to enable or disable the use of POSIX locales
514          for built-in operations</para>
515          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
516            <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
517          </indexterm>
518        </listitem>
519      </varlistentry>
520
521      <varlistentry id="localedef">
522        <term><command>localedef</command></term>
523        <listitem>
524          <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
525          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
526            <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
527          </indexterm>
528        </listitem>
529      </varlistentry>
530
531      <varlistentry id="makedb">
532        <term><command>makedb</command></term>
533        <listitem>
534          <para>Creates a simple database from textual input</para>
535          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc makedb">
536            <primary sortas="b-makedb">makedb</primary>
537          </indexterm>
538        </listitem>
539      </varlistentry>
540
541      <varlistentry id="mtrace">
542        <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
543        <listitem>
544          <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and
545          displays a summary in human-readable format</para>
546          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
547            <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
548          </indexterm>
549        </listitem>
550      </varlistentry>
551
552      <varlistentry id="nscd">
553        <term><command>nscd</command></term>
554        <listitem>
555          <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
556          service requests</para>
557          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
558            <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
559          </indexterm>
560        </listitem>
561      </varlistentry>
562
563      <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
564        <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
565        <listitem>
566          <para>Dumps information generated by PC profiling</para>
567          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
568            <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
569          </indexterm>
570        </listitem>
571      </varlistentry>
572
573      <varlistentry id="pldd">
574        <term><command>pldd</command></term>
575        <listitem>
576          <para>Lists dynamic shared objects used by running processes</para>
577          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pldd">
578            <primary sortas="b-pldd">pldd</primary>
579          </indexterm>
580        </listitem>
581      </varlistentry>
582
583      <varlistentry id="rpcgen">
584        <term><command>rpcgen</command></term>
585        <listitem>
586          <para>Generates C code to implement the Remote Procecure Call (RPC)
587          protocol</para>
588          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcgen">
589            <primary sortas="b-rpcgen">rpcgen</primary>
590          </indexterm>
591        </listitem>
592      </varlistentry>
593
594      <varlistentry id="sln">
595        <term><command>sln</command></term>
596        <listitem>
597          <para>A statically linked program that creates symbolic links</para>
598          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
599            <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
600          </indexterm>
601        </listitem>
602      </varlistentry>
603
604      <varlistentry id="sotruss">
605        <term><command>sotruss</command></term>
606        <listitem>
607          <para>Traces shared library procedure calls of a specified command</para>
608          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sotruss">
609            <primary sortas="b-sotruss">sotruss</primary>
610          </indexterm>
611        </listitem>
612      </varlistentry>
613
614      <varlistentry id="sprof">
615        <term><command>sprof</command></term>
616        <listitem>
617          <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
618          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
619            <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
620          </indexterm>
621        </listitem>
622      </varlistentry>
623
624      <varlistentry id="tzselect">
625        <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
626        <listitem>
627          <para>Asks the user about the location of the
628          system and reports the corresponding time zone description</para>
629          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
630            <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
631          </indexterm>
632        </listitem>
633      </varlistentry>
634
635      <varlistentry id="xtrace">
636        <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
637        <listitem>
638          <para>Traces the execution of a program by
639          printing the currently executed function</para>
640          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
641            <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
642          </indexterm>
643        </listitem>
644      </varlistentry>
645
646      <varlistentry id="zdump">
647        <term><command>zdump</command></term>
648        <listitem>
649          <para>The time zone dumper</para>
650          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
651            <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
652          </indexterm>
653        </listitem>
654      </varlistentry>
655
656      <varlistentry id="zic">
657        <term><command>zic</command></term>
658        <listitem>
659          <para>The time zone compiler</para>
660          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
661            <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
662          </indexterm>
663        </listitem>
664      </varlistentry>
665
666      <varlistentry id="ld.so">
667        <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld.so</filename></term>
668        <listitem>
669          <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
670          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
671            <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld.so</primary>
672          </indexterm>
673        </listitem>
674      </varlistentry>
675
676      <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
677        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
678        <listitem>
679          <para>Used by programs, such as Mozilla, to solve broken locales</para>
680          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
681            <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
682          </indexterm>
683        </listitem>
684      </varlistentry>
685
686      <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
687        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
688        <listitem>
689          <para>The segmentation fault signal handler</para>
690          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
691            <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
692          </indexterm>
693        </listitem>
694      </varlistentry>
695
696      <varlistentry id="libanl">
697        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
698        <listitem>
699          <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
700          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
701            <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
702          </indexterm>
703        </listitem>
704      </varlistentry>
705
706      <varlistentry id="libc">
707        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
708        <listitem>
709          <para>The main C library</para>
710          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
711            <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
712          </indexterm>
713        </listitem>
714      </varlistentry>
715
716      <varlistentry id="libcidn">
717        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcidn</filename></term>
718        <listitem>
719          <para>Used internally by Glibc for handling internationalized domain
720          names in the <function>getaddrinfo()</function> function</para>
721          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcidn">
722            <primary sortas="c-libcidn">libcidn</primary>
723          </indexterm>
724        </listitem>
725      </varlistentry>
726
727      <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
728        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
729        <listitem>
730          <para>The cryptography library</para>
731          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
732            <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
733          </indexterm>
734        </listitem>
735      </varlistentry>
736
737      <varlistentry id="libdl">
738        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
739        <listitem>
740          <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
741          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
742            <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
743          </indexterm>
744        </listitem>
745      </varlistentry>
746
747      <varlistentry id="libg">
748        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
749        <listitem>
750          <para>A runtime library for <command>g++</command></para>
751          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
752            <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
753          </indexterm>
754        </listitem>
755      </varlistentry>
756
757      <varlistentry id="libieee">
758        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libieee</filename></term>
759        <listitem>
760          <para>The Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE)
761          floating point library</para>
762          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libieee">
763            <primary sortas="c-libieee">libieee</primary>
764          </indexterm>
765        </listitem>
766      </varlistentry>
767
768      <varlistentry id="libm">
769        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
770        <listitem>
771          <para>The mathematical library</para>
772          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
773            <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
774          </indexterm>
775        </listitem>
776      </varlistentry>
777
778      <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
779        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
780        <listitem>
781          <para>Contains code run at boot</para>
782          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
783            <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
784          </indexterm>
785        </listitem>
786      </varlistentry>
787
788      <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
789        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
790        <listitem>
791          <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> (included in Glibc, but
792          not built in a base CLFS system as it has additional dependencies)
793          to help collect information about the memory usage of a program</para>
794          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
795            <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
796          </indexterm>
797        </listitem>
798      </varlistentry>
799
800      <varlistentry id="libnsl">
801        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
802        <listitem>
803          <para>The network services library</para>
804          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
805            <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
806          </indexterm>
807        </listitem>
808      </varlistentry>
809
810      <varlistentry id="libnss">
811        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
812        <listitem>
813          <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
814          resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
815          protocols, etc.</para>
816          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
817            <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
818          </indexterm>
819        </listitem>
820      </varlistentry>
821
822      <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
823        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
824        <listitem>
825          <para>Contains profiling functions used to track the amount of CPU
826          time spent in specific source code lines</para>
827          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
828            <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
829          </indexterm>
830        </listitem>
831      </varlistentry>
832
833      <varlistentry id="libpthread">
834        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
835        <listitem>
836          <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
837          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
838            <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
839          </indexterm>
840        </listitem>
841      </varlistentry>
842
843      <varlistentry id="libresolv">
844        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
845        <listitem>
846          <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
847          packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
848          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
849            <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
850          </indexterm>
851        </listitem>
852      </varlistentry>
853
854      <varlistentry id="librpcsvc">
855        <term><filename class="libraryfile">librpcsvc</filename></term>
856        <listitem>
857          <para>Contains functions providing miscellaneous RPC services</para>
858          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librpcsvc">
859            <primary sortas="c-librpcsvc">librpcsvc</primary>
860          </indexterm>
861        </listitem>
862      </varlistentry>
863
864      <varlistentry id="librt">
865        <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
866        <listitem>
867          <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified by
868          the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
869          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
870            <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
871          </indexterm>
872        </listitem>
873      </varlistentry>
874
875      <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
876        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
877        <listitem>
878          <para>Contains functions useful for
879          building debuggers for multi-threaded programs</para>
880          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
881            <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
882          </indexterm>
883        </listitem>
884      </varlistentry>
885
886      <varlistentry id="libutil">
887        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
888        <listitem>
889          <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
890          many different Unix utilities</para>
891          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
892            <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
893          </indexterm>
894        </listitem>
895      </varlistentry>
896
897    </variablelist>
898
899  </sect2>
900
901</sect1>
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