source: BOOK/final-system/common/glibc.xml @ 09202de

clfs-3.0.0-systemdsystemd
Last change on this file since 09202de was d4469fc, checked in by Chris Staub <chris@…>, 10 years ago

Make testsuite notes slightly less strongly worded

  • Property mode set to 100644
File size: 35.2 KB
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3  "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4  <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
5  %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9  <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11  <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
12
13  <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
14    <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
15  </indexterm>
16
17  <sect2 role="package">
18    <title/>
19
20    <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
21    the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
22    closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
23    arithmetic, and so on.</para>
24
25  </sect2>
26
27  <sect2 role="installation">
28    <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
29
30    <note os="z">
31      <para>Some packages outside of CLFS suggest installing GNU libiconv in
32      order to translate data from one encoding to another. The project's
33      home page (<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/"/>) says
34      <quote>This library provides an <function>iconv()</function>
35      implementation, for use on systems which don't have one, or whose
36      implementation cannot convert from/to Unicode.</quote> Glibc provides
37      an <function>iconv()</function> implementation and can convert from/to
38      Unicode, therefore libiconv is not required on a CLFS system.</para>
39    </note>
40
41    <para os="l1">At the end of the installation, the build system will run
42    a sanity test to make sure everything installed properly. This script will
43    attempt to test for a library that is only used in the test suite and is
44    never installed. Prevent the script from testing for this library with the
45    following command:</para>
46
47<screen os="l2"><userinput>sed -i 's/\(&amp;&amp; $name ne\) "db1"/ &amp; \1 "nss_test1"/' scripts/test-installation.pl</userinput></screen>
48
49    <para os="l3">This same script performs its tests by attempting to compile
50    test programs against certain libraries. However it does not specify the
51    path to <filename class="libraryfile">ld.so</filename>, and our toolchain
52    is still configured to use the one in
53    <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The following set of
54    commands will force the script to use the complete path of the new
55    <filename class="libraryfile">ld.so</filename> that was just installed:</para>
56
57<screen os="l4"><userinput>LINKER=$(readelf -l /tools/bin/bash | sed -n 's@.*interpret.*/tools\(.*\)]$@\1@p')
58sed -i "s|libs -o|libs -L/usr/lib -Wl,-dynamic-linker=${LINKER} -o|" \
59  scripts/test-installation.pl
60unset LINKER</userinput></screen>
61
62    <para os="b">The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
63    perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
64    pointing at <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
65    and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
66    Glibc Autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
67    of achieving a clean build.</para>
68
69    <para os="s1">Apply the following <command>sed</command> so the
70    <command>tzselect</command> script works properly:</para>
71
72<screen os="s2"><userinput>sed -i 's/\\$$(pwd)/`pwd`/' timezone/Makefile</userinput></screen>
73
74    <para os="e">The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc outside of     the source directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
75
76<screen os="f"><userinput>mkdir -v ../glibc-build
77cd ../glibc-build</userinput></screen>
78
79    <para os="g">Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
80
81<screen os="h"><userinput>../glibc-&glibc-version;/configure --prefix=/usr \
82    --disable-profile --enable-kernel=&glibc-kernel-version; --libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc \
83    --enable-obsolete-rpc</userinput></screen>
84
85    <variablelist os="i">
86      <title>The meaning of the new configure option:</title>
87
88      <varlistentry>
89        <term><parameter>--libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</parameter></term>
90        <listitem>
91          <para>This changes the location of the <command>getconf</command>
92          utility from its default of <filename
93          class="directory">/usr/libexec</filename> to <filename
94          class="directory">/usr/lib/glibc</filename>.</para>
95        </listitem>
96      </varlistentry>
97    </variablelist>
98
99    <para os="j">Compile the package:</para>
100
101<screen os="k"><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
102
103    <important os="l">
104      <para>Due to Glibc's critical role in a properly functioning system,
105      the CLFS developers strongly recommend running the testsuite.</para>
106    </important>
107
108    <para os="m">Use the following commands to run the test suite and output
109    any test failures:</para>
110
111<!-- items n,o,p no longer the master, use x86_64 which has no failures -->
112
113<screen os="n"><userinput remap="test">make -k check 2&gt;&amp;1 | tee glibc-check-log; grep Error glibc-check-log</userinput></screen>
114
115    <para os="o">The Glibc test suite is highly dependent on certain functions of
116    the host system, in particular the kernel. The <emphasis>posix/annexc</emphasis> and
117    <emphasis>conform/run-conformtest</emphasis> tests normally fail
118    and you should see <literal>Error 1 (ignored)</literal> in the output. Apart
119    from this, the Glibc test suite is always expected to pass. However, in certain
120    circumstances, some failures are unavoidable. If a test fails because of a missing
121    program (or missing symbolic link), or a segfault, you will see an error code
122    greater than 127 and the details will be in the log. More commonly, tests will
123    fail with <literal>Error 2</literal> - for these, the contents of the corresponding
124    <filename>.out</filename> file, e.g. <filename>posix/annexc.out</filename> may be
125    informative. Here is a list of the most common issues:</para>
126
127    <itemizedlist os="p">
128      <listitem>
129        <para>The <emphasis>nptl/tst-clock2</emphasis>,
130        <emphasis>nptl/tst-attr3</emphasis>,
131        <emphasis>tst/tst-cputimer1</emphasis>, and
132        <emphasis>rt/tst-cpuclock2</emphasis>
133        tests have been known to fail.  The
134        reason is not completely understood, but indications are that minor
135        timing issues can trigger these failures.</para>
136      </listitem>
137      <listitem>
138        <para>The <emphasis>math</emphasis> tests sometimes fail.
139        Certain optimization settings are known to be a
140        factor here.</para>
141      </listitem>
142      <listitem>
143        <para>If you have mounted the CLFS partition with the
144        <parameter>noatime</parameter> option, the <emphasis>atime</emphasis> test
145        will fail. As mentioned in <xref linkend="ch-partitioning-mounting"/>,
146        do not use the <parameter>noatime</parameter> option while building
147        CLFS.</para>
148      </listitem>
149      <listitem>
150        <para>When running on older and slower hardware, some tests
151        can fail because of test timeouts being exceeded.
152        Modifying the make check command to set a TIMEOUTFACTOR is reported to
153        help eliminate these errors (e.g. <command>TIMEOUTFACTOR=16
154        make -k check</command>).</para>
155      </listitem>
156      <listitem>
157        <para>posix/tst-getaddrinfo4 will always fail due to not having a network
158        connection when the test is run.</para>
159      </listitem>
160    </itemizedlist>
161
162    <para os="q">Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
163    complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
164    Prevent this warning with:</para>
165
166<screen os="r"><userinput>touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
167
168    <para os="s">Install the package, and remove unneeded files from
169    <filename class="directory">/usr/include/rpcsvc</filename>:</para>
170
171<screen os="t"><userinput>make install &amp;&amp;
172rm -v /usr/include/rpcsvc/*.x</userinput></screen>
173
174    <para os="u">Install the configuration file and runtime directory for
175    <command>nscd</command>:</para>
176
177<screen os="v"><userinput>cp -v ../glibc-2.19/nscd/nscd.conf /etc/nscd.conf
178mkdir -pv /var/cache/nscd</userinput></screen>
179
180    <para os="w">Install the systemd support files for <command>nscd</command>:</para>
181
182<screen os="x"><userinput>install -v -Dm644 ../glibc-2.19/nscd/nscd.tmpfiles /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/nscd.conf
183install -v -Dm644 ../glibc-2.19/nscd/nscd.service /lib/systemd/system/nscd.service</userinput></screen>
184
185  </sect2>
186
187  <sect2 id="i18n-glibc" role="configuration">
188    <title>Internationalization</title>
189
190    <para>The locales that can make the system respond in a different
191    language were not installed by the above command. Install them
192    with:</para>
193
194<screen><userinput>make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
195
196    <para>To save time, an alternative to running the previous command (which
197    generates and installs every locale listed in the
198    <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file) is
199    to install only those locales that are wanted and needed. This can be
200    achieved by using the <command>localedef</command> command. Information on
201    this command is located in the <filename>INSTALL</filename> file in the
202    Glibc source. However, there are a number of locales that are essential in
203    order for the tests of future packages to pass, in particular, the
204    <emphasis>libstdc++</emphasis> tests from GCC. The following instructions,
205    instead of the <parameter>install-locales</parameter> target used above,
206    will install the minimum set of locales necessary for the tests to run
207    successfully:</para>
208
209<screen role="nodump"><userinput>mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
210localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
211localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
212localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
213localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
214localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
215localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
216localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
217localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
218localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
219localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
220localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
221localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP</userinput></screen>
222
223    <para>Some locales installed by the <command>make
224    localedata/install-locales</command> command above are not properly
225    supported by some applications that are in CLFS and CBLFS. Because
226    of the various problems that arise due to application programmers making
227    assumptions that break in such locales, CLFS should not be used in locales
228    that utilize multibyte character sets (including UTF-8) or right-to-left
229    writing order.  Numerous unofficial and unstable patches are required to
230    fix these problems, and it has been decided by the CLFS developers not to
231    support such complex locales at this time. This applies to the ja_JP and
232    fa_IR locales as well&mdash;they have been installed only for GCC and
233    Gettext tests to pass, and the <command>watch</command> program (part of
234    the Procps-ng package) does not work properly in them. Various attempts to
235    circumvent these restrictions are documented in internationalization-related
236    hints.</para>
237
238  </sect2>
239
240  <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
241    <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
242
243    <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
244      <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
245    </indexterm>
246
247    <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
248      <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
249    </indexterm>
250
251    <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
252    because, although Glibc provides defaults when this file is missing or
253    corrupt, the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment.
254    The time zone also needs to be configured.</para>
255
256    <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running
257    the following:</para>
258
259<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
260<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
261
262passwd: files
263group: files
264shadow: files
265
266hosts: files dns
267networks: files
268
269protocols: files
270services: files
271ethers: files
272rpc: files
273
274# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
275EOF</userinput></screen>
276
277    <para>Install timezone data:</para>
278<screen><userinput>tar -xf ../tzdata&tzdata-version;.tar.gz
279
280ZONEINFO=/usr/share/zoneinfo
281mkdir -pv $ZONEINFO/{posix,right}
282
283for tz in etcetera southamerica northamerica europe africa antarctica  \
284          asia australasia backward pacificnew \
285          systemv; do
286    zic -L /dev/null   -d $ZONEINFO       -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
287    zic -L /dev/null   -d $ZONEINFO/posix -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
288    zic -L leapseconds -d $ZONEINFO/right -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
289done
290
291cp -v zone.tab iso3166.tab $ZONEINFO
292zic -d $ZONEINFO -p America/New_York
293unset ZONEINFO</userinput></screen>
294
295    <variablelist>
296      <title>The meaning of the zic commands:</title>
297
298      <varlistentry>
299        <term><parameter>zic -L /dev/null ...</parameter></term>
300        <listitem>
301          <para>This creates posix timezones, without any leap seconds.  It is
302          conventional to put these in both
303          <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename> and
304          <filename class="directory">zoneinfo/posix</filename>. It is
305          necessary to put the POSIX timezones in
306          <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename>, otherwise various
307          test-suites will report errors. On an embedded system, where space is
308          tight and you do not intend to ever update the timezones, you could save
309          1.9MB by not using the <filename class="directory">posix</filename>
310          directory, but some applications or test-suites might give less good
311          results</para>
312        </listitem>
313      </varlistentry>
314      <varlistentry>
315        <term><parameter>zic -L leapseconds ...</parameter></term>
316        <listitem>
317          <para>This creates right timezones, including leap seconds. On an
318          embedded system, where space is tight and you do not intend to
319          ever update the timezones, or care about the correct time, you could
320          save 1.9MB by omitting the <filename class="directory">right</filename>
321          directory.</para>
322        </listitem>
323      </varlistentry>
324      <varlistentry>
325        <term><parameter>zic ... -p ...</parameter></term>
326        <listitem>
327          <para>This creates the <filename>posixrules</filename> file. We use
328          New York because POSIX requires the daylight savings time rules
329          to be in accordance with US rules.</para>
330        </listitem>
331      </varlistentry>
332    </variablelist>
333
334    <para>To determine the local time zone, run the following script:</para>
335
336<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
337
338    <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
339    output the name of the time zone (e.g., <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> or
340    <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis>). Then create the
341    <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by running:</para>
342
343<screen><userinput>cp -v /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>[xxx]</replaceable> \
344    /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
345
346    <para>Replace <replaceable>[xxx]</replaceable> with the name of the time zone
347    that <command>tzselect</command> provided (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
348
349  </sect2>
350
351  <sect2 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
352    <title>Configuring The Dynamic Loader</title>
353
354    <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
355      <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
356    </indexterm>
357
358    <para os="ld-a">By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
359    class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
360    <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
361    class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
362    needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
363    directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
364    <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be
365    added to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order
366    for the dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly
367    known to contain additional libraries are <filename
368    class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
369    class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
370    dynamic loader's search path.</para>
371
372    <para os="ld-b">Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
373    following:</para>
374
375<screen os="ld-c"><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
376<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
377
378/usr/local/lib
379/opt/lib
380
381# End /etc/ld.so.conf</literal>
382EOF</userinput></screen>
383
384  </sect2>
385
386  <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
387    <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
388
389    <segmentedlist>
390      <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
391      <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
392      <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
393
394      <seglistitem>
395        <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
396        ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, makedb, mtrace, nscd,
397        pcprofiledump, pldd, rpcgen, sln, sotruss, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
398        zdump, zic</seg>
399        <seg>ld.so, libBrokenLocale.[a,so], libSegFault.so, libanl.[a,so],
400        libc.[a,so], libc_nonshared.a, libcidn.[a,so], libcrypt.[a,so],
401        libdl.[a,so], libg.a, libieee.a, libm.[a,so], libmcheck.a,
402        libmemusage.so, libnsl.a, libnss_compat.so, libnss_dns.so,
403        libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so, libnss_nis.so, libnss_nisplus.so,
404        libpcprofile.so, libpthread.[a,so], libpthread_nonshared.a,
405        libresolv.[a,so], librpcsvc.a, librt.[a,so], libthread_db.so,
406        libutil.[a,so]</seg>
407        <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
408        /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
409        /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
410        /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
411        /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
412        /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc, /usr/include/rpcsvc,
413        /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/audit, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/glibc, /usr/lib/locale,
414        /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo, /var/cache/ldconfig,
415        /var/cache/nscd</seg>
416      </seglistitem>
417    </segmentedlist>
418
419    <variablelist>
420      <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
421      <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
422      <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
423
424      <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
425        <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
426        <listitem>
427          <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
428          terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
429          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
430            <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
431          </indexterm>
432        </listitem>
433      </varlistentry>
434
435      <varlistentry id="gencat">
436        <term><command>gencat</command></term>
437        <listitem>
438          <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
439          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
440            <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
441          </indexterm>
442        </listitem>
443      </varlistentry>
444
445      <varlistentry id="getconf">
446        <term><command>getconf</command></term>
447        <listitem>
448          <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system specific
449          variables</para>
450          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
451            <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
452          </indexterm>
453        </listitem>
454      </varlistentry>
455
456      <varlistentry id="getent">
457        <term><command>getent</command></term>
458        <listitem>
459          <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
460          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
461            <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
462          </indexterm>
463        </listitem>
464      </varlistentry>
465
466      <varlistentry id="iconv">
467        <term><command>iconv</command></term>
468        <listitem>
469          <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
470          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
471            <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
472          </indexterm>
473        </listitem>
474      </varlistentry>
475
476      <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
477        <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
478        <listitem>
479          <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
480          files</para>
481          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
482            <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
483          </indexterm>
484        </listitem>
485      </varlistentry>
486
487      <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
488        <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
489        <listitem>
490          <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
491          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
492            <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
493          </indexterm>
494        </listitem>
495      </varlistentry>
496
497      <varlistentry id="ldd">
498        <term><command>ldd</command></term>
499        <listitem>
500          <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
501          by each given program or shared library</para>
502          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
503            <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
504          </indexterm>
505        </listitem>
506      </varlistentry>
507
508      <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
509        <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
510        <listitem>
511          <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
512          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
513            <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
514          </indexterm>
515        </listitem>
516      </varlistentry>
517
518      <varlistentry id="locale">
519        <term><command>locale</command></term>
520        <listitem>
521          <para>Tells the compiler to enable or disable the use of POSIX locales
522          for built-in operations</para>
523          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
524            <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
525          </indexterm>
526        </listitem>
527      </varlistentry>
528
529      <varlistentry id="localedef">
530        <term><command>localedef</command></term>
531        <listitem>
532          <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
533          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
534            <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
535          </indexterm>
536        </listitem>
537      </varlistentry>
538
539      <varlistentry id="makedb">
540        <term><command>makedb</command></term>
541        <listitem>
542          <para>Creates a simple database from textual input</para>
543          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc makedb">
544            <primary sortas="b-makedb">makedb</primary>
545          </indexterm>
546        </listitem>
547      </varlistentry>
548
549      <varlistentry id="mtrace">
550        <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
551        <listitem>
552          <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and
553          displays a summary in human-readable format</para>
554          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
555            <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
556          </indexterm>
557        </listitem>
558      </varlistentry>
559
560      <varlistentry id="nscd">
561        <term><command>nscd</command></term>
562        <listitem>
563          <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
564          service requests</para>
565          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
566            <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
567          </indexterm>
568        </listitem>
569      </varlistentry>
570
571      <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
572        <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
573        <listitem>
574          <para>Dumps information generated by PC profiling</para>
575          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
576            <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
577          </indexterm>
578        </listitem>
579      </varlistentry>
580
581      <varlistentry id="pldd">
582        <term><command>pldd</command></term>
583        <listitem>
584          <para>Lists dynamic shared objects used by running processes</para>
585          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pldd">
586            <primary sortas="b-pldd">pldd</primary>
587          </indexterm>
588        </listitem>
589      </varlistentry>
590
591      <varlistentry id="rpcgen">
592        <term><command>rpcgen</command></term>
593        <listitem>
594          <para>Generates C code to implement the Remote Procecure Call (RPC)
595          protocol</para>
596          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcgen">
597            <primary sortas="b-rpcgen">rpcgen</primary>
598          </indexterm>
599        </listitem>
600      </varlistentry>
601
602      <varlistentry id="sln">
603        <term><command>sln</command></term>
604        <listitem>
605          <para>A statically linked program that creates symbolic links</para>
606          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
607            <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
608          </indexterm>
609        </listitem>
610      </varlistentry>
611
612      <varlistentry id="sotruss">
613        <term><command>sotruss</command></term>
614        <listitem>
615          <para>Traces shared library procedure calls of a specified command</para>
616          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sotruss">
617            <primary sortas="b-sotruss">sotruss</primary>
618          </indexterm>
619        </listitem>
620      </varlistentry>
621
622      <varlistentry id="sprof">
623        <term><command>sprof</command></term>
624        <listitem>
625          <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
626          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
627            <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
628          </indexterm>
629        </listitem>
630      </varlistentry>
631
632      <varlistentry id="tzselect">
633        <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
634        <listitem>
635          <para>Asks the user about the location of the
636          system and reports the corresponding time zone description</para>
637          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
638            <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
639          </indexterm>
640        </listitem>
641      </varlistentry>
642
643      <varlistentry id="xtrace">
644        <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
645        <listitem>
646          <para>Traces the execution of a program by
647          printing the currently executed function</para>
648          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
649            <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
650          </indexterm>
651        </listitem>
652      </varlistentry>
653
654      <varlistentry id="zdump">
655        <term><command>zdump</command></term>
656        <listitem>
657          <para>The time zone dumper</para>
658          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
659            <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
660          </indexterm>
661        </listitem>
662      </varlistentry>
663
664      <varlistentry id="zic">
665        <term><command>zic</command></term>
666        <listitem>
667          <para>The time zone compiler</para>
668          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
669            <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
670          </indexterm>
671        </listitem>
672      </varlistentry>
673
674      <varlistentry id="ld.so">
675        <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld.so</filename></term>
676        <listitem>
677          <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
678          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
679            <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld.so</primary>
680          </indexterm>
681        </listitem>
682      </varlistentry>
683
684      <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
685        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
686        <listitem>
687          <para>Used by programs, such as Mozilla, to solve broken locales</para>
688          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
689            <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
690          </indexterm>
691        </listitem>
692      </varlistentry>
693
694      <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
695        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
696        <listitem>
697          <para>The segmentation fault signal handler</para>
698          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
699            <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
700          </indexterm>
701        </listitem>
702      </varlistentry>
703
704      <varlistentry id="libanl">
705        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
706        <listitem>
707          <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
708          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
709            <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
710          </indexterm>
711        </listitem>
712      </varlistentry>
713
714      <varlistentry id="libc">
715        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
716        <listitem>
717          <para>The main C library</para>
718          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
719            <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
720          </indexterm>
721        </listitem>
722      </varlistentry>
723
724      <varlistentry id="libcidn">
725        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcidn</filename></term>
726        <listitem>
727          <para>Used internally by Glibc for handling internationalized domain
728          names in the <function>getaddrinfo()</function> function</para>
729          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcidn">
730            <primary sortas="c-libcidn">libcidn</primary>
731          </indexterm>
732        </listitem>
733      </varlistentry>
734
735      <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
736        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
737        <listitem>
738          <para>The cryptography library</para>
739          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
740            <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
741          </indexterm>
742        </listitem>
743      </varlistentry>
744
745      <varlistentry id="libdl">
746        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
747        <listitem>
748          <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
749          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
750            <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
751          </indexterm>
752        </listitem>
753      </varlistentry>
754
755      <varlistentry id="libg">
756        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
757        <listitem>
758          <para>A runtime library for <command>g++</command></para>
759          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
760            <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
761          </indexterm>
762        </listitem>
763      </varlistentry>
764
765      <varlistentry id="libieee">
766        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libieee</filename></term>
767        <listitem>
768          <para>The Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE)
769          floating point library</para>
770          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libieee">
771            <primary sortas="c-libieee">libieee</primary>
772          </indexterm>
773        </listitem>
774      </varlistentry>
775
776      <varlistentry id="libm">
777        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
778        <listitem>
779          <para>The mathematical library</para>
780          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
781            <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
782          </indexterm>
783        </listitem>
784      </varlistentry>
785
786      <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
787        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
788        <listitem>
789          <para>Contains code run at boot</para>
790          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
791            <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
792          </indexterm>
793        </listitem>
794      </varlistentry>
795
796      <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
797        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
798        <listitem>
799          <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> (included in Glibc, but
800          not built in a base CLFS system as it has additional dependencies)
801          to help collect information about the memory usage of a program</para>
802          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
803            <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
804          </indexterm>
805        </listitem>
806      </varlistentry>
807
808      <varlistentry id="libnsl">
809        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
810        <listitem>
811          <para>The network services library</para>
812          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
813            <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
814          </indexterm>
815        </listitem>
816      </varlistentry>
817
818      <varlistentry id="libnss">
819        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
820        <listitem>
821          <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
822          resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
823          protocols, etc.</para>
824          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
825            <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
826          </indexterm>
827        </listitem>
828      </varlistentry>
829
830      <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
831        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
832        <listitem>
833          <para>Contains profiling functions used to track the amount of CPU
834          time spent in specific source code lines</para>
835          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
836            <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
837          </indexterm>
838        </listitem>
839      </varlistentry>
840
841      <varlistentry id="libpthread">
842        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
843        <listitem>
844          <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
845          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
846            <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
847          </indexterm>
848        </listitem>
849      </varlistentry>
850
851      <varlistentry id="libresolv">
852        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
853        <listitem>
854          <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
855          packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
856          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
857            <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
858          </indexterm>
859        </listitem>
860      </varlistentry>
861
862      <varlistentry id="librpcsvc">
863        <term><filename class="libraryfile">librpcsvc</filename></term>
864        <listitem>
865          <para>Contains functions providing miscellaneous RPC services</para>
866          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librpcsvc">
867            <primary sortas="c-librpcsvc">librpcsvc</primary>
868          </indexterm>
869        </listitem>
870      </varlistentry>
871
872      <varlistentry id="librt">
873        <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
874        <listitem>
875          <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified by
876          the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
877          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
878            <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
879          </indexterm>
880        </listitem>
881      </varlistentry>
882
883      <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
884        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
885        <listitem>
886          <para>Contains functions useful for
887          building debuggers for multi-threaded programs</para>
888          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
889            <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
890          </indexterm>
891        </listitem>
892      </varlistentry>
893
894      <varlistentry id="libutil">
895        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
896        <listitem>
897          <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
898          many different Unix utilities</para>
899          <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
900            <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
901          </indexterm>
902        </listitem>
903      </varlistentry>
904
905    </variablelist>
906
907  </sect2>
908
909</sect1>
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