| 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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| 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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| 6 | ]>
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| 7 |
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| 8 | <sect1 id="ch-system-gcc" role="wrap">
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| 9 | <?dbhtml filename="gcc.html"?>
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| 10 |
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| 11 | <title>GCC-&gcc-version;</title>
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| 12 |
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| 13 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc">
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| 14 | <primary sortas="a-GCC">GCC</primary>
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| 15 | </indexterm>
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| 16 |
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| 17 | <sect2 role="package">
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| 18 | <title/>
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| 19 |
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| 20 | <para>The GCC package contains the GNU compiler collection, which includes
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| 21 | the C and C++ compilers.</para>
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| 22 |
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| 23 | </sect2>
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| 24 |
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| 25 | <sect2 role="installation">
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| 26 | <title>Installation of GCC</title>
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| 27 |
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| 28 | <!--
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| 29 | <para os="p1">The following patch merges all updates from the &gcc-version; Branch
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| 30 | of GCC:</para>
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| 31 |
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| 32 | <screen os="p2"><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&gcc-branch_update-patch;</userinput></screen>
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| 33 | -->
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| 34 |
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| 35 | <para os="p3">The following patch enables fixes compilation errors with the kernel:</para>
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| 36 |
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| 37 | <screen os="p4"><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&gcc-PR31490-patch;</userinput></screen>
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| 38 |
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| 39 | <para os="d">Apply a <command>sed</command> substitution that will suppress the
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| 40 | installation of <filename class="libraryfile">libiberty.a</filename>. The
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| 41 | version of <filename class="libraryfile">libiberty.a</filename> provided by
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| 42 | Binutils will be used instead:</para>
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| 43 |
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| 44 | <screen os="e"><userinput>sed -i 's/install_to_$(INSTALL_DEST) //' libiberty/Makefile.in</userinput></screen>
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| 45 |
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| 46 | <para os="e1">GCC provides a <command>gccbug</command> script which detects at
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| 47 | compile time whether mktemp is present, and hardcodes the result in a test.
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| 48 | If mktemp is not found, the script will fall back to using less
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| 49 | random names for temporary files. We will be installing mktemp
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| 50 | later, so the following sed will simulate its presence:</para>
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| 51 |
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| 52 | <screen os="e2"><userinput>sed -i 's/@have_mktemp_command@/yes/' gcc/gccbug.in</userinput></screen>
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| 53 |
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| 54 | <para os="f">The GCC documentation recommends building GCC outside of the source
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| 55 | directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
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| 56 |
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| 57 | <screen os="g"><userinput>mkdir -v ../gcc-build
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| 58 | cd ../gcc-build</userinput></screen>
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| 59 |
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| 60 | <para os="h">Prepare GCC for compilation:</para>
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| 61 |
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| 62 | <screen os="i"><userinput>../gcc-&gcc-version;/configure --prefix=/usr \
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| 63 | --libexecdir=/usr/lib --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix \
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| 64 | --enable-__cxa_atexit --enable-c99 --enable-long-long \
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| 65 | --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-languages=c,c++ \
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| 66 | --disable-multilib --disable-libstdcxx-pch</userinput></screen>
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| 67 |
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| 68 | <para os="j">Compile the package:</para>
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| 69 |
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| 70 | <screen os="k"><userinput>make bootstrap</userinput></screen>
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| 71 |
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| 72 | <important os="l">
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| 73 | <para>The test suite for GCC is considered
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| 74 | critical. Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
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| 75 | </important>
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| 76 |
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| 77 | <para os="m">Test the results, but do not stop at errors:</para>
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| 78 |
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| 79 | <screen os="n"><userinput>make -k check</userinput></screen>
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| 80 |
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| 81 | <para os="o">The <parameter>-k</parameter> flag is used to make the test suite
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| 82 | run through to completion and not stop at the first failure. The GCC test
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| 83 | suite is very comprehensive and is almost guaranteed to generate a few
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| 84 | failures. To receive a summary of the test suite results, run:</para>
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| 85 |
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| 86 | <screen os="p"><userinput>../gcc-&gcc-version;/contrib/test_summary</userinput></screen>
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| 87 |
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| 88 | <para os="q">For only the summaries, pipe the output through
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| 89 | <userinput>grep -A7 Summ</userinput>.</para>
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| 90 |
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| 91 | <para os="r">A few unexpected failures cannot always be avoided. The
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| 92 | GCC developers are usually aware of these issues, but have not
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| 93 | resolved them yet.</para>
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| 94 |
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| 95 | <para os="s">Install the package:</para>
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| 96 |
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| 97 | <screen os="t"><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
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| 98 |
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| 99 | <para os="u">Some packages expect the C preprocessor to be installed in the
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| 100 | <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> directory.
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| 101 | To support those packages, create this symlink:</para>
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| 102 |
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| 103 | <screen os="v"><userinput>ln -sv ../usr/bin/cpp /lib</userinput></screen>
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| 104 |
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| 105 | <para os="w">Many packages use the name <command>cc</command> to call the C
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| 106 | compiler. To satisfy those packages, create a symlink:</para>
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| 107 |
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| 108 | <screen os="x"><userinput>ln -sv gcc /usr/bin/cc</userinput></screen>
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| 109 |
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| 110 | </sect2>
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| 111 |
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| 112 | <sect2 id="contents-gcc" role="content">
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| 113 | <title>Contents of GCC</title>
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| 114 |
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| 115 | <segmentedlist>
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| 116 | <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
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| 117 | <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
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| 118 |
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| 119 | <seglistitem>
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| 120 | <seg>c++, cc (link to gcc), cpp, g++, gcc, gccbug, and gcov</seg>
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| 121 | <seg>libgcc.a, libgcc_eh.a, libgcc_s.so, libgomp.[a,so], libmudflap.[a,so],
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| 122 | libmudflapth.[a,so], libssp.[a,so], libstdc++.[a,so], and
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| 123 | libsupc++.a</seg>
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| 124 | </seglistitem>
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| 125 | </segmentedlist>
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| 126 |
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| 127 | <variablelist>
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| 128 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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| 129 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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| 130 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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| 131 |
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| 132 | <varlistentry id="cc">
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| 133 | <term><command>cc</command></term>
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| 134 | <listitem>
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| 135 | <para>The C compiler</para>
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| 136 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc cc">
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| 137 | <primary sortas="b-cc">cc</primary>
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| 138 | </indexterm>
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| 139 | </listitem>
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| 140 | </varlistentry>
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| 141 |
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| 142 | <varlistentry id="cpp">
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| 143 | <term><command>cpp</command></term>
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| 144 | <listitem>
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| 145 | <para>The C preprocessor; it is used by the compiler to expand the
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| 146 | #include, #define, and similar statements in the source files</para>
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| 147 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc cpp">
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| 148 | <primary sortas="b-cpp">cpp</primary>
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| 149 | </indexterm>
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| 150 | </listitem>
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| 151 | </varlistentry>
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| 152 |
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| 153 | <varlistentry id="c">
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| 154 | <term><command>c++</command></term>
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| 155 | <listitem>
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| 156 | <para>The C++ compiler</para>
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| 157 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc c">
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| 158 | <primary sortas="b-c++">c++</primary>
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| 159 | </indexterm>
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| 160 | </listitem>
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| 161 | </varlistentry>
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| 162 |
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| 163 | <varlistentry id="g">
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| 164 | <term><command>g++</command></term>
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| 165 | <listitem>
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| 166 | <para>The C++ compiler</para>
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| 167 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc g">
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| 168 | <primary sortas="b-g++">g++</primary>
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| 169 | </indexterm>
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| 170 | </listitem>
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| 171 | </varlistentry>
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| 172 |
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| 173 | <varlistentry id="gcc">
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| 174 | <term><command>gcc</command></term>
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| 175 | <listitem>
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| 176 | <para>The C compiler</para>
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| 177 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcc">
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| 178 | <primary sortas="b-gcc">gcc</primary>
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| 179 | </indexterm>
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| 180 | </listitem>
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| 181 | </varlistentry>
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| 182 |
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| 183 | <varlistentry id="gccbug">
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| 184 | <term><command>gccbug</command></term>
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| 185 | <listitem>
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| 186 | <para>A shell script used to help create useful bug reports</para>
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| 187 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gccbug">
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| 188 | <primary sortas="b-gccbug">gccbug</primary>
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| 189 | </indexterm>
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| 190 | </listitem>
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| 191 | </varlistentry>
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| 192 |
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| 193 | <varlistentry id="gcov">
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| 194 | <term><command>gcov</command></term>
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| 195 | <listitem>
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| 196 | <para>A coverage testing tool; it is used to analyze programs to
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| 197 | determine where optimizations will have the most effect</para>
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| 198 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcov">
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| 199 | <primary sortas="b-gcov">gcov</primary>
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| 200 | </indexterm>
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| 201 | </listitem>
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| 202 | </varlistentry>
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| 203 |
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| 204 | <varlistentry id="libgcc">
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| 205 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libgcc</filename></term>
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| 206 | <listitem>
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| 207 | <para>Contains run-time support for <command>gcc</command></para>
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| 208 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libgcc">
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| 209 | <primary sortas="c-libgcc*">libgcc*</primary>
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| 210 | </indexterm>
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| 211 | </listitem>
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| 212 | </varlistentry>
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| 213 |
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| 214 | <varlistentry id="libmudflap">
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| 215 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmudflap</filename></term>
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| 216 | <listitem>
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| 217 | <para>The libmudflap libraries are used by GCC for instrumenting
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| 218 | pointer and array dereferencing operations.</para>
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| 219 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libmudflap">
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| 220 | <primary sortas="c-libmudflap*">libmudflap*</primary>
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| 221 | </indexterm>
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| 222 | </listitem>
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| 223 | </varlistentry>
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| 224 |
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| 225 | <varlistentry id="libstdc">
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| 226 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libstdc++</filename></term>
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| 227 | <listitem>
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| 228 | <para>The standard C++ library</para>
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| 229 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libstdc">
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| 230 | <primary sortas="c-libstdc++">libstdc++</primary>
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| 231 | </indexterm>
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| 232 | </listitem>
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| 233 | </varlistentry>
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| 234 |
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| 235 | <varlistentry id="libsupc">
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| 236 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libsupc++</filename></term>
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| 237 | <listitem>
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| 238 | <para>Provides supporting routines for the C++ programming
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| 239 | language</para>
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| 240 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libsupc">
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| 241 | <primary sortas="c-libsupc++">libsupc++</primary>
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| 242 | </indexterm>
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| 243 | </listitem>
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| 244 | </varlistentry>
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| 245 |
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| 246 | </variablelist>
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| 247 |
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| 248 | </sect2>
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| 249 |
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| 250 | </sect1>
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