| 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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| 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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| 6 | ]>
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| 7 |
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| 8 | <sect1 id="ch-system-gcc" role="wrap">
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| 9 | <?dbhtml filename="gcc.html"?>
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| 10 |
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| 11 | <title>GCC-&gcc-version;</title>
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| 12 |
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| 13 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc">
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| 14 | <primary sortas="a-GCC">GCC</primary>
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| 15 | </indexterm>
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| 16 |
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| 17 | <sect2 role="package">
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| 18 | <title/>
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| 19 |
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| 20 | <para>The GCC package contains the GNU compiler collection, which includes
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| 21 | the C and C++ compilers.</para>
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| 22 |
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| 23 | </sect2>
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| 24 |
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| 25 | <sect2 role="installation">
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| 26 | <title>Installation of GCC</title>
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| 27 |
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| 28 | <para os="p1">The following patch contains a number of updates to the
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| 29 | &gcc-version; branch by the GCC developers:</para>
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| 30 |
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| 31 | <screen os="p2"><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&gcc-branch_update-patch;</userinput></screen>
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| 32 |
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| 33 | <para os="fix1">Apply a <command>sed</command> subsitution that will
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| 34 | suppress the execution of the <command>fixincludes</command> script:</para>
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| 35 |
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| 36 | <screen os="fix2"><userinput>sed -i 's@\./fixinc\.sh@-c true@' gcc/Makefile.in</userinput></screen>
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| 37 |
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| 38 | <para os="f">The GCC documentation recommends building GCC outside of the source
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| 39 | directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
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| 40 |
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| 41 | <screen os="g"><userinput>mkdir -v ../gcc-build
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| 42 | cd ../gcc-build</userinput></screen>
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| 43 |
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| 44 | <para os="h">Prepare GCC for compilation:</para>
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| 45 |
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| 46 | <screen os="i"><userinput>SED=sed CC="gcc -isystem /usr/include" \
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| 47 | CXX="g++ -isystem /usr/include" \
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| 48 | LDFLAGS="-Wl,-rpath-link,/usr/lib:/lib" \
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| 49 | ../gcc-&gcc-version;/configure --prefix=/usr \
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| 50 | --libexecdir=/usr/lib --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix \
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| 51 | --enable-__cxa_atexit --enable-c99 --enable-long-long \
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| 52 | --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-languages=c,c++ \
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| 53 | --disable-multilib --disable-libstdcxx-pch \
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| 54 | --with-system-zlib --enable-checking=release --enable-libstdcxx-time</userinput></screen>
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| 55 |
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| 56 | <para os="j">Compile the package:</para>
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| 57 |
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| 58 | <screen os="k"><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
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| 59 |
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| 60 | <important os="l">
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| 61 | <para>The test suite for GCC is considered
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| 62 | critical. Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
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| 63 | </important>
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| 64 |
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| 65 | <para os="s1">Increase the stack size prior to running the tests:</para>
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| 66 |
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| 67 | <screen os="s2"><userinput remap="test">ulimit -s 32768</userinput></screen>
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| 68 |
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| 69 | <para os="m">Test the results, but do not stop at errors:</para>
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| 70 |
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| 71 | <screen os="n"><userinput remap="test">make -k check</userinput></screen>
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| 72 |
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| 73 | <para os="o">The <parameter>-k</parameter> flag is used to make the test suite
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| 74 | run through to completion and not stop at the first failure. The GCC test
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| 75 | suite is very comprehensive and is almost guaranteed to generate a few
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| 76 | failures. To receive a summary of the test suite results, run:</para>
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| 77 |
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| 78 | <screen os="p"><userinput remap="test">../gcc-&gcc-version;/contrib/test_summary</userinput></screen>
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| 79 |
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| 80 | <para os="q">For only the summaries, pipe the output through
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| 81 | <userinput>grep -A7 Summ</userinput>.</para>
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| 82 |
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| 83 | <para os="r">A few unexpected failures cannot always be avoided. The
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| 84 | GCC developers are usually aware of these issues, but have not
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| 85 | resolved them yet.</para>
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| 86 |
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| 87 | <para os="s">Install the package:</para>
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| 88 |
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| 89 | <screen os="t"><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
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| 90 |
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| 91 | <para os="u">Install the <filename class="headerfile">libiberty</filename> header
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| 92 | file that is needed by some packages:</para>
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| 93 |
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| 94 | <screen os="v"><userinput>cp -v ../gcc-&gcc-version;/include/libiberty.h /usr/include</userinput></screen>
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| 95 |
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| 96 | <para os="w">Some packages expect the C preprocessor to be installed in the
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| 97 | <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> directory.
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| 98 | To support those packages, create this symlink:</para>
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| 99 |
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| 100 | <screen os="x"><userinput>ln -sv ../usr/bin/cpp /lib</userinput></screen>
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| 101 |
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| 102 | <para os="y">Many packages use the name <command>cc</command> to call the C
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| 103 | compiler. To satisfy those packages, create a symlink:</para>
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| 104 |
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| 105 | <screen os="z"><userinput>ln -sv gcc /usr/bin/cc</userinput></screen>
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| 106 |
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| 107 | <para os="aa">Finally, move a misplaced file:</para>
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| 108 |
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| 109 | <screen os="ab"><userinput>mv -v /usr/lib/*gdb.py /usr/share/gdb/auto-load/usr/lib</userinput></screen>
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| 110 |
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| 111 | </sect2>
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| 112 |
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| 113 | <sect2 id="contents-gcc" role="content">
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| 114 | <title>Contents of GCC</title>
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| 115 |
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| 116 | <segmentedlist>
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| 117 | <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
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| 118 | <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
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| 119 | <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
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| 120 |
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| 121 | <seglistitem>
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| 122 | <seg>c++, cc (link to gcc), cpp, g++, gcc, and gcov</seg>
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| 123 | <seg>libasan.[a,so], libatomic.[a,so], libgcc.a, libgcc_eh.a, libgcc_s.so, libgcov.a,
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| 124 | libgomp.[a,so], libiberty.a, libitm.[a,so], liblto_plugin.so, libmudflap.[a,so], libmudflapth.[a,so],
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| 125 | libquadmath.[a,so], libssp.[a,so], libssp_nonshared.a, libstdc++.[a,so], libsupc++.a, and
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| 126 | libtsan.[a,so]</seg>
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| 127 | <seg>/usr/include/c++, /usr/lib/gcc, /usr/share/gcc-&gcc-version;</seg>
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| 128 | </seglistitem>
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| 129 | </segmentedlist>
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| 130 |
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| 131 | <variablelist>
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| 132 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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| 133 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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| 134 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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| 135 |
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| 136 | <varlistentry id="cc">
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| 137 | <term><command>cc</command></term>
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| 138 | <listitem>
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| 139 | <para>The C compiler</para>
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| 140 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc cc">
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| 141 | <primary sortas="b-cc">cc</primary>
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| 142 | </indexterm>
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| 143 | </listitem>
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| 144 | </varlistentry>
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| 145 |
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| 146 | <varlistentry id="cpp">
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| 147 | <term><command>cpp</command></term>
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| 148 | <listitem>
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| 149 | <para>The C preprocessor; it is used by the compiler to expand the
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| 150 | #include, #define, and similar statements in the source files</para>
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| 151 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc cpp">
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| 152 | <primary sortas="b-cpp">cpp</primary>
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| 153 | </indexterm>
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| 154 | </listitem>
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| 155 | </varlistentry>
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| 156 |
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| 157 | <varlistentry id="c">
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| 158 | <term><command>c++</command></term>
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| 159 | <listitem>
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| 160 | <para>The C++ compiler</para>
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| 161 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc c">
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| 162 | <primary sortas="b-c++">c++</primary>
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| 163 | </indexterm>
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| 164 | </listitem>
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| 165 | </varlistentry>
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| 166 |
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| 167 | <varlistentry id="g">
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| 168 | <term><command>g++</command></term>
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| 169 | <listitem>
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| 170 | <para>The C++ compiler</para>
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| 171 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc g">
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| 172 | <primary sortas="b-g++">g++</primary>
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| 173 | </indexterm>
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| 174 | </listitem>
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| 175 | </varlistentry>
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| 176 |
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| 177 | <varlistentry id="gcc">
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| 178 | <term><command>gcc</command></term>
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| 179 | <listitem>
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| 180 | <para>The C compiler</para>
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| 181 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcc">
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| 182 | <primary sortas="b-gcc">gcc</primary>
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| 183 | </indexterm>
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| 184 | </listitem>
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| 185 | </varlistentry>
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| 186 |
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| 187 | <varlistentry id="gcov">
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| 188 | <term><command>gcov</command></term>
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| 189 | <listitem>
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| 190 | <para>A coverage testing tool; it is used to analyze programs to
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| 191 | determine where optimizations will have the most effect</para>
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| 192 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcov">
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| 193 | <primary sortas="b-gcov">gcov</primary>
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| 194 | </indexterm>
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| 195 | </listitem>
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| 196 | </varlistentry>
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| 197 |
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| 198 | <varlistentry id="libasan">
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| 199 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libasan</filename></term>
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| 200 | <listitem>
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| 201 | <para>The Address Sanitizer runtime library</para>
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| 202 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libasan">
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| 203 | <primary sortas="c-libasan">libasan</primary>
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| 204 | </indexterm>
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| 205 | </listitem>
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| 206 | </varlistentry>
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| 207 |
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| 208 | <varlistentry id="libatomic">
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| 209 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libatomic</filename></term>
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| 210 | <listitem>
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| 211 | <para>A GCC support runtime library for atomic operations not
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| 212 | supported by hardware</para>
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| 213 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libatomic">
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| 214 | <primary sortas="c-libatomic*">libatomic*</primary>
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| 215 | </indexterm>
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| 216 | </listitem>
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| 217 | </varlistentry>
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| 218 |
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| 219 | <varlistentry id="libgcc">
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| 220 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libgcc</filename></term>
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| 221 | <listitem>
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| 222 | <para>Contains run-time support for <command>gcc</command></para>
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| 223 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libgcc">
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| 224 | <primary sortas="c-libgcc*">libgcc*</primary>
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| 225 | </indexterm>
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| 226 | </listitem>
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| 227 | </varlistentry>
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| 228 |
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| 229 | <varlistentry id="libgcov">
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| 230 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libgcov</filename></term>
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| 231 | <listitem>
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| 232 | <para>Library that is linked into a program when
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| 233 | <command>gcc</command> is instructed to enable profiling</para>
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| 234 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libgcov">
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| 235 | <primary sortas="c-libgcov">libgcov</primary>
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| 236 | </indexterm>
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| 237 | </listitem>
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| 238 | </varlistentry>
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| 239 |
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| 240 | <varlistentry id="libgomp">
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| 241 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libgomp</filename></term>
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| 242 | <listitem>
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| 243 | <para>GNU implementation of the OpenMP API for multi-platform
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| 244 | shared-memory parallel programming in C/C++ and Fortran</para>
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| 245 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libgomp">
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| 246 | <primary sortas="c-libgomp">libgomp</primary>
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| 247 | </indexterm>
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| 248 | </listitem>
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| 249 | </varlistentry>
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| 250 |
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| 251 | <varlistentry id="libiberty">
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| 252 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libiberty</filename></term>
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| 253 | <listitem>
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| 254 | <para>Contains routines used by various GNU programs, including
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| 255 | <command>getopt</command>, <command>obstack</command>,
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| 256 | <command>strerror</command>, <command>strtol</command>, and
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| 257 | <command>strtoul</command></para>
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| 258 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libiberty">
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| 259 | <primary sortas="c-libiberty">libiberty</primary>
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| 260 | </indexterm>
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| 261 | </listitem>
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| 262 | </varlistentry>
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| 263 |
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| 264 | <varlistentry id="libitm">
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| 265 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libitm</filename></term>
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| 266 | <listitem>
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| 267 | <para>The GNU Transactional Memory Library, which provides
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| 268 | transaction support for accesses to a process's memory</para>
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| 269 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libitm">
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| 270 | <primary sortas="c-libitm*">libitm*</primary>
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| 271 | </indexterm>
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| 272 | </listitem>
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| 273 | </varlistentry>
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| 274 |
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| 275 | <varlistentry id="liblto_plugin">
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| 276 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">liblto_plugin</filename></term>
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| 277 | <listitem>
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| 278 | <para>Runtime library for GCC's link-time optimization plugin</para>
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| 279 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc liblto_plugin">
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| 280 | <primary sortas="c-liblto_plugin">liblto_plugin</primary>
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| 281 | </indexterm>
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| 282 | </listitem>
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| 283 | </varlistentry>
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| 284 |
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| 285 | <varlistentry id="libmudflap">
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| 286 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmudflap</filename></term>
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| 287 | <listitem>
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| 288 | <para>The libmudflap libraries are used by GCC for instrumenting
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| 289 | pointer and array dereferencing operations.</para>
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| 290 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libmudflap">
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| 291 | <primary sortas="c-libmudflap*">libmudflap*</primary>
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| 292 | </indexterm>
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| 293 | </listitem>
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| 294 | </varlistentry>
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| 295 |
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| 296 | <varlistentry id="libquadmath">
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| 297 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libquadmath</filename></term>
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| 298 | <listitem>
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| 299 | <para>The GCC Quad-Precision Math Libarary API</para>
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| 300 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libquadmath">
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| 301 | <primary sortas="c-libquadmath*">libquadmath*</primary>
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| 302 | </indexterm>
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| 303 | </listitem>
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| 304 | </varlistentry>
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| 305 |
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| 306 | <varlistentry id="libssp">
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| 307 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libssp</filename></term>
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| 308 | <listitem>
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| 309 | <para>Contains routines supporting GCC's stack-smashing protection
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| 310 | functionality</para>
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| 311 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libssp">
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| 312 | <primary sortas="c-libssp*">libssp*</primary>
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| 313 | </indexterm>
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| 314 | </listitem>
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| 315 | </varlistentry>
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| 316 |
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| 317 | <varlistentry id="libstdc">
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| 318 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libstdc++</filename></term>
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| 319 | <listitem>
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| 320 | <para>The standard C++ library</para>
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| 321 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libstdc">
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| 322 | <primary sortas="c-libstdc++">libstdc++</primary>
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| 323 | </indexterm>
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| 324 | </listitem>
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| 325 | </varlistentry>
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| 326 |
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| 327 | <varlistentry id="libsupc">
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| 328 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libsupc++</filename></term>
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| 329 | <listitem>
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| 330 | <para>Provides supporting routines for the C++ programming
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| 331 | language</para>
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| 332 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libsupc">
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| 333 | <primary sortas="c-libsupc++">libsupc++</primary>
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| 334 | </indexterm>
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| 335 | </listitem>
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| 336 | </varlistentry>
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| 337 |
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| 338 | <varlistentry id="libtsan">
|
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| 339 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libtsan</filename></term>
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| 340 | <listitem>
|
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| 341 | <para>The Thread Sanitizer runtime library</para>
|
|---|
| 342 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libtsan">
|
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| 343 | <primary sortas="c-libtsan">libtsan</primary>
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| 344 | </indexterm>
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| 345 | </listitem>
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| 346 | </varlistentry>
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| 347 |
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| 348 | </variablelist>
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| 349 |
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| 350 | </sect2>
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| 351 |
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| 352 | </sect1>
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