source: BOOK/final-system/common/coreutils.xml@ d0c5f50

clfs-1.2 clfs-2.1 clfs-3.0.0-systemd clfs-3.0.0-sysvinit systemd sysvinit
Last change on this file since d0c5f50 was b54737e, checked in by Jim Gifford <clfs@…>, 19 years ago

r642@server (orig r640): jim | 2005-11-06 10:28:35 -0800

r654@server: jim | 2005-11-06 10:23:30 -0800
Updated to Coreutils 5.93
  • Property mode set to 100644
File size: 35.5 KB
RevLine 
[3f8be484]1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
5 <!ENTITY % patches-entities SYSTEM "../../patches.ent">
6 %general-entities;
7 %patches-entities;
8]>
9
10<sect1 id="ch-system-coreutils" role="wrap">
11 <?dbhtml filename="coreutils.html"?>
12
13 <title>Coreutils-&coreutils-version;</title>
14
15 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils">
16 <primary sortas="a-Coreutils">Coreutils</primary>
17 </indexterm>
18
19 <sect2 role="package">
20 <title/>
21
22 <para>The Coreutils package contains utilities for showing and setting the
23 basic system characteristics.</para>
24
25 <segmentedlist>
26 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
27 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
28
29 <seglistitem>
30 <seg>Not checked yet</seg>
31 <seg>Not checked yet</seg>
32 </seglistitem>
33 </segmentedlist>
34
35 <segmentedlist>
36 <segtitle>&dependencies;</segtitle>
37
38 <seglistitem>
39 <seg>Bash, Binutils, Coreutils, Diffutils, GCC,
40 Gettext, Glibc, Grep, Make, Perl, and Sed</seg>
41 </seglistitem>
42 </segmentedlist>
43
44 </sect2>
45
46 <sect2 role="installation">
47 <title>Installation of Coreutils</title>
48
49 <para os="a">Prevent Coreutils from installing binaries that will be
50 installed by other packages:</para>
51
52<screen os="b"><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&coreutils-suppress-patch;</userinput></screen>
53
54 <para os="c">Now prepare Coreutils for compilation:</para>
55
[8fdfc096]56<screen os="d"><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr</userinput></screen>
[3f8be484]57
58 <para os="e">Compile the package:</para>
59
60<screen os="f"><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
61
62 <para os="g">The test suite of Coreutils makes several assumptions about the
63 presence of system users and groups that are not valid within the minimal
64 environment that exists at the moment. Therefore, additional items need
65 to be set up before running the tests. Skip down to <quote>Install the
66 package</quote> if not running the test suite.</para>
67
68 <para os="h">Create two <systemitem class="groupname">dummy</systemitem> groups
69 and a <systemitem class="username">dummy</systemitem> user:</para>
70
71<screen os="i"><userinput>echo "dummy1:x:1000:" &gt;&gt; /etc/group
72echo "dummy2:x:1001:dummy" &gt;&gt; /etc/group
73echo "dummy:x:1000:1000:::/bin/bash" &gt;&gt; /etc/passwd</userinput></screen>
74
75 <para os="j">Now the test suite is ready to be run. First, run
76 the tests that are meant to be run as user
77 <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>:</para>
78
79<screen os="k"><userinput>make NON_ROOT_USERNAME=dummy check-root</userinput></screen>
80
81 <para os="l">Then run the remainder of the tests as the
82 <systemitem class="username">dummy</systemitem> user:</para>
83
84<screen os="m"><userinput>src/su dummy -c "make RUN_EXPENSIVE_TESTS=yes check"</userinput></screen>
85
86 <para os="n">When testing is complete, remove the
87 <systemitem class="username">dummy</systemitem> user and groups:</para>
88
89<screen os="o"><userinput>sed -i '/dummy/d' /etc/passwd /etc/group</userinput></screen>
90
91 <para os="p">Install the package:</para>
92
93<screen os="q"><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
94
95 <para os="r">Move programs to the locations specified by the FHS:</para>
96
97<screen os="s"><userinput>mv /usr/bin/{cat,chgrp,chmod,chown,cp,date,dd,df,echo} /bin
98mv /usr/bin/{false,hostname,ln,ls,mkdir,mknod,mv,pwd,rm} /bin
99mv /usr/bin/{rmdir,stty,sync,true,uname} /bin
100mv /usr/bin/chroot /usr/sbin</userinput></screen>
101
102 <para os="t">Some of the scripts in the LFS-Bootscripts package depend on
103 <command>head</command> and <command>sleep</command>. As <filename
104 class="directory">/usr</filename> may not be available during the early
105 stages of booting, those binaries need to be on the root partition:</para>
106
107<screen os="u"><userinput>mv /usr/bin/{head,sleep} /bin</userinput></screen>
108
109 </sect2>
110
111 <sect2 id="contents-coreutils" role="content">
112 <title>Contents of Coreutils</title>
113
114 <segmentedlist>
115 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
116
117 <seglistitem>
118 <seg>basename, cat, chgrp, chmod, chown, chroot, cksum,
119 comm, cp, csplit, cut, date, dd, df, dir, dircolors, dirname, du,
120 echo, env, expand, expr, factor, false, fmt, fold, groups, head,
121 hostid, hostname, id, install, join, link, ln, logname, ls, md5sum,
122 mkdir, mkfifo, mknod, mv, nice, nl, nohup, od, paste, pathchk, pinky,
123 pr, printenv, printf, ptx, pwd, readlink, rm, rmdir, seq, sha1sum,
124 shred, sleep, sort, split, stat, stty, sum, sync, tac, tail, tee,
125 test, touch, tr, true, tsort, tty, uname, unexpand, uniq, unlink,
126 users, vdir, wc, who, whoami, and yes</seg>
127 </seglistitem>
128 </segmentedlist>
129
130 <variablelist>
131 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
132 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
133 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
134
135 <varlistentry id="basename">
136 <term><command>basename</command></term>
137 <listitem>
138 <para>Strips any path and a given suffix from a file name</para>
139 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils basename">
140 <primary sortas="b-basename">basename</primary>
141 </indexterm>
142 </listitem>
143 </varlistentry>
144
145 <varlistentry id="cat">
146 <term><command>cat</command></term>
147 <listitem>
148 <para>Concatenates files to standard output</para>
149 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils cat">
150 <primary sortas="b-cat">cat</primary>
151 </indexterm>
152 </listitem>
153 </varlistentry>
154
155 <varlistentry id="chgrp">
156 <term><command>chgrp</command></term>
157 <listitem>
158 <para>Changes the group ownership of files and directories</para>
159 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils chgrp">
160 <primary sortas="b-chgrp">chgrp</primary>
161 </indexterm>
162 </listitem>
163 </varlistentry>
164
165 <varlistentry id="chmod">
166 <term><command>chmod</command></term>
167 <listitem>
168 <para>Changes the permissions of each file to the given mode; the mode
169 can be either a symbolic representation of the changes to make or an
170 octal number representing the new permissions</para>
171 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils chmod">
172 <primary sortas="b-chmod">chmod</primary>
173 </indexterm>
174 </listitem>
175 </varlistentry>
176
177 <varlistentry id="chown">
178 <term><command>chown</command></term>
179 <listitem>
180 <para>Changes the user and/or group ownership of files and
181 directories</para>
182 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils chown">
183 <primary sortas="b-chown">chown</primary>
184 </indexterm>
185 </listitem>
186 </varlistentry>
187
188 <varlistentry id="chroot">
189 <term><command>chroot</command></term>
190 <listitem>
191 <para>Runs a command with the specified directory as the
192 <filename class="directory">/</filename> directory</para>
193 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils chroot">
194 <primary sortas="b-chroot">chroot</primary>
195 </indexterm>
196 </listitem>
197 </varlistentry>
198
199 <varlistentry id="cksum">
200 <term><command>cksum</command></term>
201 <listitem>
202 <para>Prints the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) checksum and the byte
203 counts of each specified file</para>
204 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils cksum">
205 <primary sortas="b-cksum">cksum</primary>
206 </indexterm>
207 </listitem>
208 </varlistentry>
209
210 <varlistentry id="comm">
211 <term><command>comm</command></term>
212 <listitem>
213 <para>Compares two sorted files, outputting in three columns the lines
214 that are unique and the lines that are common</para>
215 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils comm">
216 <primary sortas="b-comm">comm</primary>
217 </indexterm>
218 </listitem>
219 </varlistentry>
220
221 <varlistentry id="cp">
222 <term><command>cp</command></term>
223 <listitem>
224 <para>Copies files</para>
225 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils cp">
226 <primary sortas="b-cp">cp</primary>
227 </indexterm>
228 </listitem>
229 </varlistentry>
230
231 <varlistentry id="csplit">
232 <term><command>csplit</command></term>
233 <listitem>
234 <para>Splits a given file into several new files, separating them
235 according to given patterns or line numbers and outputting the byte
236 count of each new file</para>
237 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils csplit">
238 <primary sortas="b-csplit">csplit</primary>
239 </indexterm>
240 </listitem>
241 </varlistentry>
242
243 <varlistentry id="cut">
244 <term><command>cut</command></term>
245 <listitem>
246 <para>Prints sections of lines, selecting the parts according to given
247 fields or positions</para>
248 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils cut">
249 <primary sortas="b-cut">cut</primary>
250 </indexterm>
251 </listitem>
252 </varlistentry>
253
254 <varlistentry id="date">
255 <term><command>date</command></term>
256 <listitem>
257 <para>Displays the current time in the given format, or sets the
258 system date</para>
259 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils date">
260 <primary sortas="b-date">date</primary>
261 </indexterm>
262 </listitem>
263 </varlistentry>
264
265 <varlistentry id="dd">
266 <term><command>dd</command> </term>
267 <listitem>
268 <para>Copies a file using the given block size and count, while
269 optionally performing conversions on it</para>
270 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils dd">
271 <primary sortas="b-dd">dd</primary>
272 </indexterm>
273 </listitem>
274 </varlistentry>
275
276 <varlistentry id="df">
277 <term><command>df</command></term>
278 <listitem>
279 <para>Reports the amount of disk space available (and used) on all
280 mounted file systems, or only on the file systems holding the selected
281 files</para>
282 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils df">
283 <primary sortas="b-df">df</primary>
284 </indexterm>
285 </listitem>
286 </varlistentry>
287
288 <varlistentry id="dir">
289 <term><command>dir</command></term>
290 <listitem>
291 <para>Lists the contents of each given directory (the same as
292 the <command>ls</command> command)</para>
293 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils dir">
294 <primary sortas="b-dir">dir</primary>
295 </indexterm>
296 </listitem>
297 </varlistentry>
298
299 <varlistentry id="dircolors">
300 <term><command>dircolors</command></term>
301 <listitem>
302 <para>Outputs commands to set the <envar>LS_COLOR</envar>
303 environment variable to change the color scheme used by
304 <command>ls</command></para>
305 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils dircolors">
306 <primary sortas="b-dircolors">dircolors</primary>
307 </indexterm>
308 </listitem>
309 </varlistentry>
310
311 <varlistentry id="dirname">
312 <term><command>dirname</command></term>
313 <listitem>
314 <para>Strips the non-directory suffix from a file name</para>
315 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils dirname">
316 <primary sortas="b-dirname">dirname</primary>
317 </indexterm>
318 </listitem>
319 </varlistentry>
320
321 <varlistentry id="du">
322 <term><command>du</command></term>
323 <listitem>
324 <para>Reports the amount of disk space used by the current directory,
325 by each of the given directories (including all subdirectories) or by
326 each of the given files</para>
327 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils du">
328 <primary sortas="b-du">du</primary>
329 </indexterm>
330 </listitem>
331 </varlistentry>
332
333 <varlistentry id="echo">
334 <term><command>echo</command></term>
335 <listitem>
336 <para>Displays the given strings</para>
337 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils echo">
338 <primary sortas="b-echo">echo</primary>
339 </indexterm>
340 </listitem>
341 </varlistentry>
342
343 <varlistentry id="env">
344 <term><command>env</command></term>
345 <listitem>
346 <para>Runs a command in a modified environment</para>
347 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils env">
348 <primary sortas="b-env">env</primary>
349 </indexterm>
350 </listitem>
351 </varlistentry>
352
353 <varlistentry id="expand">
354 <term><command>expand</command></term>
355 <listitem>
356 <para>Converts tabs to spaces</para>
357 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils expand">
358 <primary sortas="b-expand">expand</primary>
359 </indexterm>
360 </listitem>
361 </varlistentry>
362
363 <varlistentry id="expr">
364 <term><command>expr</command></term>
365 <listitem>
366 <para>Evaluates expressions</para>
367 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils expr">
368 <primary sortas="b-expr">expr</primary>
369 </indexterm>
370 </listitem>
371 </varlistentry>
372
373 <varlistentry id="factor">
374 <term><command>factor</command></term>
375 <listitem>
376 <para>Prints the prime factors of all specified integer numbers</para>
377 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils factor">
378 <primary sortas="b-factor">factor</primary>
379 </indexterm>
380 </listitem>
381 </varlistentry>
382
383 <varlistentry id="false">
384 <term><command>false</command></term>
385 <listitem>
386 <para>Does nothing, unsuccessfully; it always exits with a status code
387 indicating failure</para>
388 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils false">
389 <primary sortas="b-false">false</primary>
390 </indexterm>
391 </listitem>
392 </varlistentry>
393
394 <varlistentry id="fmt">
395 <term><command>fmt</command></term>
396 <listitem>
397 <para>Reformats the paragraphs in the given files</para>
398 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils fmt">
399 <primary sortas="b-fmt">fmt</primary>
400 </indexterm>
401 </listitem>
402 </varlistentry>
403
404 <varlistentry id="fold">
405 <term><command>fold</command></term>
406 <listitem>
407 <para>Wraps the lines in the given files</para>
408 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils fold">
409 <primary sortas="b-fold">fold</primary>
410 </indexterm>
411 </listitem>
412 </varlistentry>
413
414 <varlistentry id="groups">
415 <term><command>groups</command></term>
416 <listitem>
417 <para>Reports a user's group memberships</para>
418 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils groups">
419 <primary sortas="b-groups">groups</primary>
420 </indexterm>
421 </listitem>
422 </varlistentry>
423
424 <varlistentry id="head">
425 <term><command>head</command></term>
426 <listitem>
427 <para>Prints the first ten lines (or the given number of lines)
428 of each given file</para>
429 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils head">
430 <primary sortas="b-head">head</primary>
431 </indexterm>
432 </listitem>
433 </varlistentry>
434
435 <varlistentry id="hostid">
436 <term><command>hostid</command></term>
437 <listitem>
438 <para>Reports the numeric identifier (in hexadecimal) of the host</para>
439 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils hostid">
440 <primary sortas="b-hostid">hostid</primary>
441 </indexterm>
442 </listitem>
443 </varlistentry>
444
445 <varlistentry id="hostname">
446 <term><command>hostname</command></term>
447 <listitem>
448 <para>Reports or sets the name of the host</para>
449 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils hostname">
450 <primary sortas="b-hostname">hostname</primary>
451 </indexterm>
452 </listitem>
453 </varlistentry>
454
455 <varlistentry id="id">
456 <term><command>id</command></term>
457 <listitem>
458 <para>Reports the effective user ID, group ID, and group memberships
459 of the current user or specified user</para>
460 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils id">
461 <primary sortas="b-id">id</primary>
462 </indexterm>
463 </listitem>
464 </varlistentry>
465
466 <varlistentry id="install">
467 <term><command>install</command> </term>
468 <listitem>
469 <para>Copies files while setting their permission modes and, if
470 possible, their owner and group</para>
471 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils install">
472 <primary sortas="b-install">install</primary>
473 </indexterm>
474 </listitem>
475 </varlistentry>
476
477 <varlistentry id="join">
478 <term><command>join</command></term>
479 <listitem>
480 <para>Joins the lines that have identical join fields from two
481 separate files</para>
482 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils join">
483 <primary sortas="b-join">join</primary>
484 </indexterm>
485 </listitem>
486 </varlistentry>
487
488 <varlistentry id="link">
489 <term><command>link</command></term>
490 <listitem>
491 <para>Creates a hard link with the given name to a file</para>
492 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils link">
493 <primary sortas="b-link">link</primary>
494 </indexterm>
495 </listitem>
496 </varlistentry>
497
498 <varlistentry id="ln">
499 <term><command>ln</command></term>
500 <listitem>
501 <para>Makes hard links or soft (symbolic) links between files</para>
502 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils ln">
503 <primary sortas="b-ln">ln</primary>
504 </indexterm>
505 </listitem>
506 </varlistentry>
507
508 <varlistentry id="logname">
509 <term><command>logname</command></term>
510 <listitem>
511 <para>Reports the current user's login name</para>
512 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils logname">
513 <primary sortas="b-logname">logname</primary>
514 </indexterm>
515 </listitem>
516 </varlistentry>
517
518 <varlistentry id="ls">
519 <term><command>ls</command></term>
520 <listitem>
521 <para>Lists the contents of each given directory</para>
522 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils ls">
523 <primary sortas="b-ls">ls</primary>
524 </indexterm>
525 </listitem>
526 </varlistentry>
527
528 <varlistentry id="md5sum">
529 <term><command>md5sum</command></term>
530 <listitem>
531 <para>Reports or checks Message Digest 5 (MD5) checksums</para>
532 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils md5sum">
533 <primary sortas="b-md5sum">md5sum</primary>
534 </indexterm>
535 </listitem>
536 </varlistentry>
537
538 <varlistentry id="mkdir">
539 <term><command>mkdir</command></term>
540 <listitem>
541 <para>Creates directories with the given names</para>
542 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils mkdir">
543 <primary sortas="b-mkdir">mkdir</primary>
544 </indexterm>
545 </listitem>
546 </varlistentry>
547
548 <varlistentry id="mkfifo">
549 <term><command>mkfifo</command></term>
550 <listitem>
551 <para>Creates First-In, First-Outs (FIFOs), a <quote>named
552 pipe</quote> in UNIX parlance, with the given names</para>
553 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils mkfifo">
554 <primary sortas="b-mkfifo">mkfifo</primary>
555 </indexterm>
556 </listitem>
557 </varlistentry>
558
559 <varlistentry id="mknod">
560 <term><command>mknod</command></term>
561 <listitem>
562 <para>Creates device nodes with the given names; a device node is a
563 character special file, a block special file, or a FIFO</para>
564 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils mknod">
565 <primary sortas="b-mknod">mknod</primary>
566 </indexterm>
567 </listitem>
568 </varlistentry>
569
570 <varlistentry id="mv">
571 <term><command>mv</command></term>
572 <listitem>
573 <para>Moves or renames files or directories</para>
574 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils mv">
575 <primary sortas="b-mv">mv</primary>
576 </indexterm>
577 </listitem>
578 </varlistentry>
579
580 <varlistentry id="nice">
581 <term><command>nice</command></term>
582 <listitem>
583 <para>Runs a program with modified scheduling priority</para>
584 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils nice">
585 <primary sortas="b-nice">nice</primary>
586 </indexterm>
587 </listitem>
588 </varlistentry>
589
590 <varlistentry id="nl">
591 <term><command>nl</command></term>
592 <listitem>
593 <para>Numbers the lines from the given files</para>
594 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils nl">
595 <primary sortas="b-nl">nl</primary>
596 </indexterm>
597 </listitem>
598 </varlistentry>
599
600 <varlistentry id="nohup">
601 <term><command>nohup</command></term>
602 <listitem>
603 <para>Runs a command immune to hangups, with its output redirected to
604 a log file</para>
605 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils nohup">
606 <primary sortas="b-nohup">nohup</primary>
607 </indexterm>
608 </listitem>
609 </varlistentry>
610
611 <varlistentry id="od">
612 <term><command>od</command></term>
613 <listitem>
614 <para>Dumps files in octal and other formats</para>
615 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils od">
616 <primary sortas="b-od">od</primary>
617 </indexterm>
618 </listitem>
619 </varlistentry>
620
621 <varlistentry id="paste">
622 <term><command>paste</command></term>
623 <listitem>
624 <para>Merges the given files, joining sequentially corresponding lines
625 side by side, separated by tab characters</para>
626 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils paste">
627 <primary sortas="b-paste">paste</primary>
628 </indexterm>
629 </listitem>
630 </varlistentry>
631
632 <varlistentry id="pathchk">
633 <term><command>pathchk</command></term>
634 <listitem>
635 <para>Checks if file names are valid or portable</para>
636 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils pathchk">
637 <primary sortas="b-pathchk">pathchk</primary>
638 </indexterm>
639 </listitem>
640 </varlistentry>
641
642 <varlistentry id="pinky">
643 <term><command>pinky</command></term>
644 <listitem>
645 <para>Is a lightweight finger client; it reports some information
646 about the given users</para>
647 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils pinky">
648 <primary sortas="b-pinky">pinky</primary>
649 </indexterm>
650 </listitem>
651 </varlistentry>
652
653 <varlistentry id="pr">
654 <term><command>pr</command></term>
655 <listitem>
656 <para>Paginates and columnates files for printing</para>
657 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils pr">
658 <primary sortas="b-pr">pr</primary>
659 </indexterm>
660 </listitem>
661 </varlistentry>
662
663 <varlistentry id="printenv">
664 <term><command>printenv</command></term>
665 <listitem>
666 <para>Prints the environment</para>
667 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils printenv">
668 <primary sortas="b-printenv">printenv</primary>
669 </indexterm>
670 </listitem>
671 </varlistentry>
672
673 <varlistentry id="printf">
674 <term><command>printf</command></term>
675 <listitem>
676 <para>Prints the given arguments according to the given format, much
677 like the C printf function</para>
678 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils printf">
679 <primary sortas="b-printf">printf</primary>
680 </indexterm>
681 </listitem>
682 </varlistentry>
683
684 <varlistentry id="ptx">
685 <term><command>ptx</command></term>
686 <listitem>
687 <para>Produces a permuted index from the contents of the given files,
688 with each keyword in its context</para>
689 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils ptx">
690 <primary sortas="b-ptx">ptx</primary>
691 </indexterm>
692 </listitem>
693 </varlistentry>
694
695 <varlistentry id="pwd">
696 <term><command>pwd</command></term>
697 <listitem>
698 <para>Reports the name of the current working directory</para>
699 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils pwd">
700 <primary sortas="b-pwd">pwd</primary>
701 </indexterm>
702 </listitem>
703 </varlistentry>
704
705 <varlistentry id="readlink">
706 <term><command>readlink</command></term>
707 <listitem>
708 <para>Reports the value of the given symbolic link</para>
709 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils readlink">
710 <primary sortas="b-readlink">readlink</primary>
711 </indexterm>
712 </listitem>
713 </varlistentry>
714
715 <varlistentry id="rm">
716 <term><command>rm</command></term>
717 <listitem>
718 <para>Removes files or directories</para>
719 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils rm">
720 <primary sortas="b-rm">rm</primary>
721 </indexterm>
722 </listitem>
723 </varlistentry>
724
725 <varlistentry id="rmdir">
726 <term><command>rmdir</command></term>
727 <listitem>
728 <para>Removes directories if they are empty</para>
729 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils rmdir">
730 <primary sortas="b-rmdir">rmdir</primary>
731 </indexterm>
732 </listitem>
733 </varlistentry>
734
735 <varlistentry id="seq">
736 <term><command>seq</command></term>
737 <listitem>
738 <para>Prints a sequence of numbers within a given range and with a
739 given increment</para>
740 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils seq">
741 <primary sortas="b-seq">seq</primary>
742 </indexterm>
743 </listitem>
744 </varlistentry>
745
746 <varlistentry id="sha1sum">
747 <term><command>sha1sum</command></term>
748 <listitem>
749 <para>Prints or checks 160-bit Secure Hash Algorithm 1 (SHA1)
750 checksums</para>
751 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sha1sum">
752 <primary sortas="b-sha1sum">sha1sum</primary>
753 </indexterm>
754 </listitem>
755 </varlistentry>
756
757 <varlistentry id="shred">
758 <term><command>shred</command></term>
759 <listitem>
760 <para>Overwrites the given files repeatedly with complex patterns,
761 making it difficult to recover the data</para>
762 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils shred">
763 <primary sortas="b-shred">shred</primary>
764 </indexterm>
765 </listitem>
766 </varlistentry>
767
768 <varlistentry id="sleep">
769 <term><command>sleep</command></term>
770 <listitem>
771 <para>Pauses for the given amount of time</para>
772 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sleep">
773 <primary sortas="b-sleep">sleep</primary>
774 </indexterm>
775 </listitem>
776 </varlistentry>
777
778 <varlistentry id="sort">
779 <term><command>sort</command></term>
780 <listitem>
781 <para>Sorts the lines from the given files</para>
782 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sort">
783 <primary sortas="b-sort">sort</primary>
784 </indexterm>
785 </listitem>
786 </varlistentry>
787
788 <varlistentry id="split">
789 <term><command>split</command></term>
790 <listitem>
791 <para>Splits the given file into pieces, by size or by number of
792 lines</para>
793 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils split">
794 <primary sortas="b-split">split</primary>
795 </indexterm>
796 </listitem>
797 </varlistentry>
798
799 <varlistentry id="stat">
800 <term><command>stat</command></term>
801 <listitem>
802 <para>Displays file or filesystem status</para>
803 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils stat">
804 <primary sortas="b-stat">stat</primary>
805 </indexterm>
806 </listitem>
807 </varlistentry>
808
809 <varlistentry id="stty">
810 <term><command>stty</command></term>
811 <listitem>
812 <para>Sets or reports terminal line settings</para>
813 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils stty">
814 <primary sortas="b-stty">stty</primary>
815 </indexterm>
816 </listitem>
817 </varlistentry>
818
819 <varlistentry id="sum">
820 <term><command>sum</command></term>
821 <listitem>
822 <para>Prints checksum and block counts for each given file</para>
823 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sum">
824 <primary sortas="b-sum">sum</primary>
825 </indexterm>
826 </listitem>
827 </varlistentry>
828
829 <varlistentry id="sync">
830 <term><command>sync</command></term>
831 <listitem>
832 <para>Flushes file system buffers; it forces changed blocks to disk
833 and updates the super block</para>
834 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sync">
835 <primary sortas="b-sync">sync</primary>
836 </indexterm>
837 </listitem>
838 </varlistentry>
839
840 <varlistentry id="tac">
841 <term><command>tac</command></term>
842 <listitem>
843 <para>Concatenates the given files in reverse</para>
844 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tac">
845 <primary sortas="b-tac">tac</primary>
846 </indexterm>
847 </listitem>
848 </varlistentry>
849
850 <varlistentry id="tail">
851 <term><command>tail</command></term>
852 <listitem>
853 <para>Prints the last ten lines (or the given number of lines) of each
854 given file</para>
855 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tail">
856 <primary sortas="b-tail">tail</primary>
857 </indexterm>
858 </listitem>
859 </varlistentry>
860
861 <varlistentry id="tee">
862 <term><command>tee</command></term>
863 <listitem>
864 <para>Reads from standard input while writing both to standard output
865 and to the given files</para>
866 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tee">
867 <primary sortas="b-tee">tee</primary>
868 </indexterm>
869 </listitem>
870 </varlistentry>
871
872 <varlistentry id="test">
873 <term><command>test</command></term>
874 <listitem>
875 <para>Compares values and checks file types</para>
876 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils test">
877 <primary sortas="b-test">test</primary>
878 </indexterm>
879 </listitem>
880 </varlistentry>
881
882 <varlistentry id="touch">
883 <term><command>touch</command></term>
884 <listitem>
885 <para>Changes file timestamps, setting the access and modification
886 times of the given files to the current time; files that do not exist
887 are created with zero length</para>
888 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils touch">
889 <primary sortas="b-touch">touch</primary>
890 </indexterm>
891 </listitem>
892 </varlistentry>
893
894 <varlistentry id="tr">
895 <term><command>tr</command></term>
896 <listitem>
897 <para>Translates, squeezes, and deletes the given characters from
898 standard input</para>
899 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tr">
900 <primary sortas="b-tr">tr</primary>
901 </indexterm>
902 </listitem>
903 </varlistentry>
904
905 <varlistentry id="true">
906 <term><command>true</command></term>
907 <listitem>
908 <para>Does nothing, successfully; it always exits with a status code
909 indicating success</para>
910 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils true">
911 <primary sortas="b-true">true</primary>
912 </indexterm>
913 </listitem>
914 </varlistentry>
915
916 <varlistentry id="tsort">
917 <term><command>tsort</command></term>
918 <listitem>
919 <para>Performs a topological sort; it writes a completely ordered list
920 according to the partial ordering in a given file</para>
921 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tsort">
922 <primary sortas="b-tsort">tsort</primary>
923 </indexterm>
924 </listitem>
925 </varlistentry>
926
927 <varlistentry id="tty">
928 <term><command>tty</command></term>
929 <listitem>
930 <para>Reports the file name of the terminal connected to standard
931 input</para>
932 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tty">
933 <primary sortas="b-tty">tty</primary>
934 </indexterm>
935 </listitem>
936 </varlistentry>
937
938 <varlistentry id="uname">
939 <term><command>uname</command></term>
940 <listitem>
941 <para>Reports system information</para>
942 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils uname">
943 <primary sortas="b-uname">uname</primary>
944 </indexterm>
945 </listitem>
946 </varlistentry>
947
948 <varlistentry id="unexpand">
949 <term><command>unexpand</command></term>
950 <listitem>
951 <para>Converts spaces to tabs</para>
952 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils unexpand">
953 <primary sortas="b-unexpand">unexpand</primary>
954 </indexterm>
955 </listitem>
956 </varlistentry>
957
958 <varlistentry id="uniq">
959 <term><command>uniq</command></term>
960 <listitem>
961 <para>Discards all but one of successive identical lines</para>
962 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils uniq">
963 <primary sortas="b-uniq">uniq</primary>
964 </indexterm>
965 </listitem>
966 </varlistentry>
967
968 <varlistentry id="unlink">
969 <term><command>unlink</command></term>
970 <listitem>
971 <para>Removes the given file</para>
972 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils unlink">
973 <primary sortas="b-unlink">unlink</primary>
974 </indexterm>
975 </listitem>
976 </varlistentry>
977
978 <varlistentry id="users">
979 <term><command>users</command></term>
980 <listitem>
981 <para>Reports the names of the users currently logged on</para>
982 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils users">
983 <primary sortas="b-users">users</primary>
984 </indexterm>
985 </listitem>
986 </varlistentry>
987
988 <varlistentry id="vdir">
989 <term><command>vdir</command></term>
990 <listitem>
991 <para>Is the same as <command>ls -l</command></para>
992 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils vdir">
993 <primary sortas="b-vdir">vdir</primary>
994 </indexterm>
995 </listitem>
996 </varlistentry>
997
998 <varlistentry id="wc">
999 <term><command>wc</command></term>
1000 <listitem>
1001 <para>Reports the number of lines, words, and bytes for each given
1002 file, as well as a total line when more than one file is given</para>
1003 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils wc">
1004 <primary sortas="b-wc">wc</primary>
1005 </indexterm>
1006 </listitem>
1007 </varlistentry>
1008
1009 <varlistentry id="who">
1010 <term><command>who</command></term>
1011 <listitem>
1012 <para>Reports who is logged on</para>
1013 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils who">
1014 <primary sortas="b-who">who</primary>
1015 </indexterm>
1016 </listitem>
1017 </varlistentry>
1018
1019 <varlistentry id="whoami">
1020 <term><command>whoami</command></term>
1021 <listitem>
1022 <para>Reports the user name associated with the current effective
1023 user ID</para>
1024 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils whoami">
1025 <primary sortas="b-whoami">whoami</primary>
1026 </indexterm>
1027 </listitem>
1028 </varlistentry>
1029
1030 <varlistentry id="yes">
1031 <term><command>yes</command></term>
1032 <listitem>
1033 <para>Repeatedly outputs <quote>y</quote> or a given string until
1034 killed</para>
1035 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils yes">
1036 <primary sortas="b-yes">yes</primary>
1037 </indexterm>
1038 </listitem>
1039 </varlistentry>
1040
1041 </variablelist>
1042
1043 </sect2>
1044
1045</sect1>
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