source: BOOK/final-system/common/coreutils.xml@ af0fe7f

clfs-3.0.0-systemd clfs-3.0.0-sysvinit systemd sysvinit
Last change on this file since af0fe7f was 7f3c3e8, checked in by Joe Ciccone <jciccone@…>, 14 years ago

Do not move programs from /usr/bin to /bin from coreutils for the express purpose of supporting the bootscripts.
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File size: 40.0 KB
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[3f8be484]1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
[aa18ac0]2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
[3f8be484]4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-coreutils" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="coreutils.html"?>
10
11 <title>Coreutils-&coreutils-version;</title>
12
13 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils">
14 <primary sortas="a-Coreutils">Coreutils</primary>
15 </indexterm>
16
17 <sect2 role="package">
18 <title/>
19
20 <para>The Coreutils package contains utilities for showing and setting the
21 basic system characteristics.</para>
22
23 </sect2>
24
25 <sect2 role="installation">
26 <title>Installation of Coreutils</title>
27
[03e8867]28 <para os="p1">A known issue with the <command>uname</command> program from
29 this package is that the <option>-p</option> switch always
30 returns <computeroutput>unknown</computeroutput>. The following patch
31 fixes this behavior for all architectures:</para>
32
33<screen os="p2"><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&coreutils-uname-patch;</userinput></screen>
34
[3f8be484]35 <para os="c">Now prepare Coreutils for compilation:</para>
36
[7b31c44]37<screen os="d"><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr \
[8349b861]38 --enable-no-install-program=kill,uptime \
[9d32016]39 --enable-install-program=hostname</userinput></screen>
[3f8be484]40
41 <para os="e">Compile the package:</para>
42
43<screen os="f"><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
44
45 <para os="g">The test suite of Coreutils makes several assumptions about the
46 presence of system users and groups that are not valid within the minimal
47 environment that exists at the moment. Therefore, additional items need
48 to be set up before running the tests. Skip down to <quote>Install the
49 package</quote> if not running the test suite.</para>
50
51 <para os="h">Create two <systemitem class="groupname">dummy</systemitem> groups
52 and a <systemitem class="username">dummy</systemitem> user:</para>
53
54<screen os="i"><userinput>echo "dummy1:x:1000:" &gt;&gt; /etc/group
55echo "dummy2:x:1001:dummy" &gt;&gt; /etc/group
[bcbcf48]56echo "dummy:x:1000:1000::/root:/bin/bash" &gt;&gt; /etc/passwd</userinput></screen>
[3f8be484]57
58 <para os="j">Now the test suite is ready to be run. First, run
59 the tests that are meant to be run as user
60 <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>:</para>
61
62<screen os="k"><userinput>make NON_ROOT_USERNAME=dummy check-root</userinput></screen>
63
[5e6f8f2]64 <para os="l">The testsuite will now be run as the
65 <systemitem class="username">dummy</systemitem> user. Fix the permissions
66 for a few files to allow this:</para>
67
68<screen os="m"><userinput>chown -Rv dummy config.log {gnulib-tests,lib,src}/.deps</userinput></screen>
69
70 <para os="n">Then run the remainder of the tests as the
[3f8be484]71 <systemitem class="username">dummy</systemitem> user:</para>
72
[5e6f8f2]73<screen os="o"><userinput>src/su dummy -c "make RUN_EXPENSIVE_TESTS=yes check"</userinput></screen>
[3f8be484]74
[5e6f8f2]75 <para os="p">When testing is complete, remove the
[3f8be484]76 <systemitem class="username">dummy</systemitem> user and groups:</para>
77
[5e6f8f2]78<screen os="q"><userinput>sed -i '/dummy/d' /etc/passwd /etc/group</userinput></screen>
[3f8be484]79
[5e6f8f2]80 <para os="r">Install the package:</para>
[3f8be484]81
[5e6f8f2]82<screen os="s"><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
[3f8be484]83
[5e6f8f2]84 <para os="t">Move programs to the locations specified by the FHS:</para>
[3f8be484]85
[5e6f8f2]86<screen os="u"><userinput>mv -v /usr/bin/{cat,chgrp,chmod,chown,cp,date} /bin
[e94048f]87mv -v /usr/bin/{dd,df,echo,false,hostname,ln,ls,mkdir,mknod} /bin
88mv -v /usr/bin/{mv,pwd,rm,rmdir,stty,true,uname} /bin
89mv -v /usr/bin/chroot /usr/sbin</userinput></screen>
[3f8be484]90
91 </sect2>
92
93 <sect2 id="contents-coreutils" role="content">
94 <title>Contents of Coreutils</title>
95
96 <segmentedlist>
97 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
[f6575bd]98 <segtitle>Installed library</segtitle>
[61ad0b7f]99 <segtitle>Installed directory</segtitle>
[3f8be484]100
101 <seglistitem>
[427015f]102 <seg>[, base64, basename, cat, chcon, chgrp, chmod, chown, chroot,
103 cksum, comm, cp, csplit, cut, date, dd, df, dir, dircolors, dirname, du,
[3f8be484]104 echo, env, expand, expr, factor, false, fmt, fold, groups, head,
105 hostid, hostname, id, install, join, link, ln, logname, ls, md5sum,
[7b31c44]106 mkdir, mkfifo, mknod, mktemp, mv, nice, nl, nohup, od, paste, pathchk,
[427015f]107 pinky, pr, printenv, printf, ptx, pwd, readlink, rm, rmdir, runcon, seq,
[7b31c44]108 sha1sum, sha224sum, sha256sum, sha384sum, sha512sum, shred, shuf,
[8322c1b]109 sleep, sort, split, stat, stdbuf, stty, sum, sync, tac, tail, tee, test,
[b9b9e14]110 timeout, touch, tr, true, truncate, tsort, tty, uname, unexpand, uniq,
111 unlink, users, vdir, wc, who, whoami, and yes</seg>
[f6575bd]112 <seg>libstdbuf.so</seg>
[61ad0b7f]113 <seg>/usr/lib/coreutils</seg>
[3f8be484]114 </seglistitem>
115 </segmentedlist>
116
117 <variablelist>
118 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
119 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
120 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
121
[2dd50be]122 <varlistentry id="base64">
123 <term><command>base64</command></term>
124 <listitem>
125 <para>Base64 encode/decode data and print to standard output</para>
126 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils base64">
127 <primary sortas="b-base64">base64</primary>
128 </indexterm>
129 </listitem>
130 </varlistentry>
131
[3f8be484]132 <varlistentry id="basename">
133 <term><command>basename</command></term>
134 <listitem>
135 <para>Strips any path and a given suffix from a file name</para>
136 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils basename">
137 <primary sortas="b-basename">basename</primary>
138 </indexterm>
139 </listitem>
140 </varlistentry>
141
142 <varlistentry id="cat">
143 <term><command>cat</command></term>
144 <listitem>
145 <para>Concatenates files to standard output</para>
146 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils cat">
147 <primary sortas="b-cat">cat</primary>
148 </indexterm>
149 </listitem>
150 </varlistentry>
151
[427015f]152 <varlistentry id="chcon">
153 <term><command>chcon</command></term>
154 <listitem>
155 <para>Changes security context for files and directories</para>
156 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils chcon">
157 <primary sortas="b-chcon">chcon</primary>
158 </indexterm>
159 </listitem>
160 </varlistentry>
161
[3f8be484]162 <varlistentry id="chgrp">
163 <term><command>chgrp</command></term>
164 <listitem>
165 <para>Changes the group ownership of files and directories</para>
166 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils chgrp">
167 <primary sortas="b-chgrp">chgrp</primary>
168 </indexterm>
169 </listitem>
170 </varlistentry>
171
172 <varlistentry id="chmod">
173 <term><command>chmod</command></term>
174 <listitem>
175 <para>Changes the permissions of each file to the given mode; the mode
176 can be either a symbolic representation of the changes to make or an
177 octal number representing the new permissions</para>
178 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils chmod">
179 <primary sortas="b-chmod">chmod</primary>
180 </indexterm>
181 </listitem>
182 </varlistentry>
183
184 <varlistentry id="chown">
185 <term><command>chown</command></term>
186 <listitem>
187 <para>Changes the user and/or group ownership of files and
188 directories</para>
189 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils chown">
190 <primary sortas="b-chown">chown</primary>
191 </indexterm>
192 </listitem>
193 </varlistentry>
194
195 <varlistentry id="chroot">
196 <term><command>chroot</command></term>
197 <listitem>
198 <para>Runs a command with the specified directory as the
199 <filename class="directory">/</filename> directory</para>
200 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils chroot">
201 <primary sortas="b-chroot">chroot</primary>
202 </indexterm>
203 </listitem>
204 </varlistentry>
205
206 <varlistentry id="cksum">
207 <term><command>cksum</command></term>
208 <listitem>
209 <para>Prints the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) checksum and the byte
210 counts of each specified file</para>
211 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils cksum">
212 <primary sortas="b-cksum">cksum</primary>
213 </indexterm>
214 </listitem>
215 </varlistentry>
216
217 <varlistentry id="comm">
218 <term><command>comm</command></term>
219 <listitem>
220 <para>Compares two sorted files, outputting in three columns the lines
221 that are unique and the lines that are common</para>
222 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils comm">
223 <primary sortas="b-comm">comm</primary>
224 </indexterm>
225 </listitem>
226 </varlistentry>
227
228 <varlistentry id="cp">
229 <term><command>cp</command></term>
230 <listitem>
231 <para>Copies files</para>
232 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils cp">
233 <primary sortas="b-cp">cp</primary>
234 </indexterm>
235 </listitem>
236 </varlistentry>
237
238 <varlistentry id="csplit">
239 <term><command>csplit</command></term>
240 <listitem>
241 <para>Splits a given file into several new files, separating them
242 according to given patterns or line numbers and outputting the byte
243 count of each new file</para>
244 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils csplit">
245 <primary sortas="b-csplit">csplit</primary>
246 </indexterm>
247 </listitem>
248 </varlistentry>
249
250 <varlistentry id="cut">
251 <term><command>cut</command></term>
252 <listitem>
253 <para>Prints sections of lines, selecting the parts according to given
254 fields or positions</para>
255 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils cut">
256 <primary sortas="b-cut">cut</primary>
257 </indexterm>
258 </listitem>
259 </varlistentry>
260
261 <varlistentry id="date">
262 <term><command>date</command></term>
263 <listitem>
264 <para>Displays the current time in the given format, or sets the
265 system date</para>
266 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils date">
267 <primary sortas="b-date">date</primary>
268 </indexterm>
269 </listitem>
270 </varlistentry>
271
272 <varlistentry id="dd">
273 <term><command>dd</command> </term>
274 <listitem>
275 <para>Copies a file using the given block size and count, while
276 optionally performing conversions on it</para>
277 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils dd">
278 <primary sortas="b-dd">dd</primary>
279 </indexterm>
280 </listitem>
281 </varlistentry>
282
283 <varlistentry id="df">
284 <term><command>df</command></term>
285 <listitem>
286 <para>Reports the amount of disk space available (and used) on all
287 mounted file systems, or only on the file systems holding the selected
288 files</para>
289 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils df">
290 <primary sortas="b-df">df</primary>
291 </indexterm>
292 </listitem>
293 </varlistentry>
294
295 <varlistentry id="dir">
296 <term><command>dir</command></term>
297 <listitem>
298 <para>Lists the contents of each given directory (the same as
299 the <command>ls</command> command)</para>
300 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils dir">
301 <primary sortas="b-dir">dir</primary>
302 </indexterm>
303 </listitem>
304 </varlistentry>
305
306 <varlistentry id="dircolors">
307 <term><command>dircolors</command></term>
308 <listitem>
309 <para>Outputs commands to set the <envar>LS_COLOR</envar>
310 environment variable to change the color scheme used by
311 <command>ls</command></para>
312 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils dircolors">
313 <primary sortas="b-dircolors">dircolors</primary>
314 </indexterm>
315 </listitem>
316 </varlistentry>
317
318 <varlistentry id="dirname">
319 <term><command>dirname</command></term>
320 <listitem>
321 <para>Strips the non-directory suffix from a file name</para>
322 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils dirname">
323 <primary sortas="b-dirname">dirname</primary>
324 </indexterm>
325 </listitem>
326 </varlistentry>
327
328 <varlistentry id="du">
329 <term><command>du</command></term>
330 <listitem>
331 <para>Reports the amount of disk space used by the current directory,
332 by each of the given directories (including all subdirectories) or by
333 each of the given files</para>
334 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils du">
335 <primary sortas="b-du">du</primary>
336 </indexterm>
337 </listitem>
338 </varlistentry>
339
340 <varlistentry id="echo">
341 <term><command>echo</command></term>
342 <listitem>
343 <para>Displays the given strings</para>
344 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils echo">
345 <primary sortas="b-echo">echo</primary>
346 </indexterm>
347 </listitem>
348 </varlistentry>
349
350 <varlistentry id="env">
351 <term><command>env</command></term>
352 <listitem>
353 <para>Runs a command in a modified environment</para>
354 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils env">
355 <primary sortas="b-env">env</primary>
356 </indexterm>
357 </listitem>
358 </varlistentry>
359
360 <varlistentry id="expand">
361 <term><command>expand</command></term>
362 <listitem>
363 <para>Converts tabs to spaces</para>
364 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils expand">
365 <primary sortas="b-expand">expand</primary>
366 </indexterm>
367 </listitem>
368 </varlistentry>
369
370 <varlistentry id="expr">
371 <term><command>expr</command></term>
372 <listitem>
373 <para>Evaluates expressions</para>
374 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils expr">
375 <primary sortas="b-expr">expr</primary>
376 </indexterm>
377 </listitem>
378 </varlistentry>
379
380 <varlistentry id="factor">
381 <term><command>factor</command></term>
382 <listitem>
383 <para>Prints the prime factors of all specified integer numbers</para>
384 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils factor">
385 <primary sortas="b-factor">factor</primary>
386 </indexterm>
387 </listitem>
388 </varlistentry>
389
390 <varlistentry id="false">
391 <term><command>false</command></term>
392 <listitem>
393 <para>Does nothing, unsuccessfully; it always exits with a status code
394 indicating failure</para>
395 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils false">
396 <primary sortas="b-false">false</primary>
397 </indexterm>
398 </listitem>
399 </varlistentry>
400
401 <varlistentry id="fmt">
402 <term><command>fmt</command></term>
403 <listitem>
404 <para>Reformats the paragraphs in the given files</para>
405 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils fmt">
406 <primary sortas="b-fmt">fmt</primary>
407 </indexterm>
408 </listitem>
409 </varlistentry>
410
411 <varlistentry id="fold">
412 <term><command>fold</command></term>
413 <listitem>
414 <para>Wraps the lines in the given files</para>
415 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils fold">
416 <primary sortas="b-fold">fold</primary>
417 </indexterm>
418 </listitem>
419 </varlistentry>
420
421 <varlistentry id="groups">
422 <term><command>groups</command></term>
423 <listitem>
424 <para>Reports a user's group memberships</para>
425 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils groups">
426 <primary sortas="b-groups">groups</primary>
427 </indexterm>
428 </listitem>
429 </varlistentry>
430
431 <varlistentry id="head">
432 <term><command>head</command></term>
433 <listitem>
434 <para>Prints the first ten lines (or the given number of lines)
435 of each given file</para>
436 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils head">
437 <primary sortas="b-head">head</primary>
438 </indexterm>
439 </listitem>
440 </varlistentry>
441
442 <varlistentry id="hostid">
443 <term><command>hostid</command></term>
444 <listitem>
445 <para>Reports the numeric identifier (in hexadecimal) of the host</para>
446 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils hostid">
447 <primary sortas="b-hostid">hostid</primary>
448 </indexterm>
449 </listitem>
450 </varlistentry>
451
452 <varlistentry id="hostname">
453 <term><command>hostname</command></term>
454 <listitem>
455 <para>Reports or sets the name of the host</para>
456 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils hostname">
457 <primary sortas="b-hostname">hostname</primary>
458 </indexterm>
459 </listitem>
460 </varlistentry>
461
462 <varlistentry id="id">
463 <term><command>id</command></term>
464 <listitem>
465 <para>Reports the effective user ID, group ID, and group memberships
466 of the current user or specified user</para>
467 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils id">
468 <primary sortas="b-id">id</primary>
469 </indexterm>
470 </listitem>
471 </varlistentry>
472
473 <varlistentry id="install">
474 <term><command>install</command> </term>
475 <listitem>
476 <para>Copies files while setting their permission modes and, if
477 possible, their owner and group</para>
478 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils install">
479 <primary sortas="b-install">install</primary>
480 </indexterm>
481 </listitem>
482 </varlistentry>
483
484 <varlistentry id="join">
485 <term><command>join</command></term>
486 <listitem>
487 <para>Joins the lines that have identical join fields from two
488 separate files</para>
489 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils join">
490 <primary sortas="b-join">join</primary>
491 </indexterm>
492 </listitem>
493 </varlistentry>
494
495 <varlistentry id="link">
496 <term><command>link</command></term>
497 <listitem>
498 <para>Creates a hard link with the given name to a file</para>
499 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils link">
500 <primary sortas="b-link">link</primary>
501 </indexterm>
502 </listitem>
503 </varlistentry>
504
505 <varlistentry id="ln">
506 <term><command>ln</command></term>
507 <listitem>
508 <para>Makes hard links or soft (symbolic) links between files</para>
509 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils ln">
510 <primary sortas="b-ln">ln</primary>
511 </indexterm>
512 </listitem>
513 </varlistentry>
514
515 <varlistentry id="logname">
516 <term><command>logname</command></term>
517 <listitem>
518 <para>Reports the current user's login name</para>
519 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils logname">
520 <primary sortas="b-logname">logname</primary>
521 </indexterm>
522 </listitem>
523 </varlistentry>
524
525 <varlistentry id="ls">
526 <term><command>ls</command></term>
527 <listitem>
528 <para>Lists the contents of each given directory</para>
529 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils ls">
530 <primary sortas="b-ls">ls</primary>
531 </indexterm>
532 </listitem>
533 </varlistentry>
534
535 <varlistentry id="md5sum">
536 <term><command>md5sum</command></term>
537 <listitem>
538 <para>Reports or checks Message Digest 5 (MD5) checksums</para>
539 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils md5sum">
540 <primary sortas="b-md5sum">md5sum</primary>
541 </indexterm>
542 </listitem>
543 </varlistentry>
544
545 <varlistentry id="mkdir">
546 <term><command>mkdir</command></term>
547 <listitem>
548 <para>Creates directories with the given names</para>
549 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils mkdir">
550 <primary sortas="b-mkdir">mkdir</primary>
551 </indexterm>
552 </listitem>
553 </varlistentry>
554
555 <varlistentry id="mkfifo">
556 <term><command>mkfifo</command></term>
557 <listitem>
558 <para>Creates First-In, First-Outs (FIFOs), a <quote>named
559 pipe</quote> in UNIX parlance, with the given names</para>
560 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils mkfifo">
561 <primary sortas="b-mkfifo">mkfifo</primary>
562 </indexterm>
563 </listitem>
564 </varlistentry>
565
566 <varlistentry id="mknod">
567 <term><command>mknod</command></term>
568 <listitem>
569 <para>Creates device nodes with the given names; a device node is a
570 character special file, a block special file, or a FIFO</para>
571 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils mknod">
572 <primary sortas="b-mknod">mknod</primary>
573 </indexterm>
574 </listitem>
575 </varlistentry>
576
[7b31c44]577 <varlistentry id="mktemp">
578 <term><command>mktemp</command></term>
579 <listitem>
580 <para>Creates temporary files in a secure manner; it is used in
581 scripts</para>
582 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils mktemp">
583 <primary sortas="b-mktemp">mktemp</primary>
584 </indexterm>
585 </listitem>
586 </varlistentry>
587
[3f8be484]588 <varlistentry id="mv">
589 <term><command>mv</command></term>
590 <listitem>
591 <para>Moves or renames files or directories</para>
592 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils mv">
593 <primary sortas="b-mv">mv</primary>
594 </indexterm>
595 </listitem>
596 </varlistentry>
597
598 <varlistentry id="nice">
599 <term><command>nice</command></term>
600 <listitem>
601 <para>Runs a program with modified scheduling priority</para>
602 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils nice">
603 <primary sortas="b-nice">nice</primary>
604 </indexterm>
605 </listitem>
606 </varlistentry>
607
608 <varlistentry id="nl">
609 <term><command>nl</command></term>
610 <listitem>
611 <para>Numbers the lines from the given files</para>
612 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils nl">
613 <primary sortas="b-nl">nl</primary>
614 </indexterm>
615 </listitem>
616 </varlistentry>
617
618 <varlistentry id="nohup">
619 <term><command>nohup</command></term>
620 <listitem>
621 <para>Runs a command immune to hangups, with its output redirected to
622 a log file</para>
623 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils nohup">
624 <primary sortas="b-nohup">nohup</primary>
625 </indexterm>
626 </listitem>
627 </varlistentry>
628
629 <varlistentry id="od">
630 <term><command>od</command></term>
631 <listitem>
632 <para>Dumps files in octal and other formats</para>
633 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils od">
634 <primary sortas="b-od">od</primary>
635 </indexterm>
636 </listitem>
637 </varlistentry>
638
639 <varlistentry id="paste">
640 <term><command>paste</command></term>
641 <listitem>
642 <para>Merges the given files, joining sequentially corresponding lines
643 side by side, separated by tab characters</para>
644 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils paste">
645 <primary sortas="b-paste">paste</primary>
646 </indexterm>
647 </listitem>
648 </varlistentry>
649
650 <varlistentry id="pathchk">
651 <term><command>pathchk</command></term>
652 <listitem>
653 <para>Checks if file names are valid or portable</para>
654 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils pathchk">
655 <primary sortas="b-pathchk">pathchk</primary>
656 </indexterm>
657 </listitem>
658 </varlistentry>
659
660 <varlistentry id="pinky">
661 <term><command>pinky</command></term>
662 <listitem>
663 <para>Is a lightweight finger client; it reports some information
664 about the given users</para>
665 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils pinky">
666 <primary sortas="b-pinky">pinky</primary>
667 </indexterm>
668 </listitem>
669 </varlistentry>
670
671 <varlistentry id="pr">
672 <term><command>pr</command></term>
673 <listitem>
674 <para>Paginates and columnates files for printing</para>
675 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils pr">
676 <primary sortas="b-pr">pr</primary>
677 </indexterm>
678 </listitem>
679 </varlistentry>
680
681 <varlistentry id="printenv">
682 <term><command>printenv</command></term>
683 <listitem>
684 <para>Prints the environment</para>
685 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils printenv">
686 <primary sortas="b-printenv">printenv</primary>
687 </indexterm>
688 </listitem>
689 </varlistentry>
690
691 <varlistentry id="printf">
692 <term><command>printf</command></term>
693 <listitem>
694 <para>Prints the given arguments according to the given format, much
695 like the C printf function</para>
696 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils printf">
697 <primary sortas="b-printf">printf</primary>
698 </indexterm>
699 </listitem>
700 </varlistentry>
701
702 <varlistentry id="ptx">
703 <term><command>ptx</command></term>
704 <listitem>
705 <para>Produces a permuted index from the contents of the given files,
706 with each keyword in its context</para>
707 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils ptx">
708 <primary sortas="b-ptx">ptx</primary>
709 </indexterm>
710 </listitem>
711 </varlistentry>
712
713 <varlistentry id="pwd">
714 <term><command>pwd</command></term>
715 <listitem>
716 <para>Reports the name of the current working directory</para>
717 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils pwd">
718 <primary sortas="b-pwd">pwd</primary>
719 </indexterm>
720 </listitem>
721 </varlistentry>
722
723 <varlistentry id="readlink">
724 <term><command>readlink</command></term>
725 <listitem>
726 <para>Reports the value of the given symbolic link</para>
727 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils readlink">
728 <primary sortas="b-readlink">readlink</primary>
729 </indexterm>
730 </listitem>
731 </varlistentry>
732
733 <varlistentry id="rm">
734 <term><command>rm</command></term>
735 <listitem>
736 <para>Removes files or directories</para>
737 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils rm">
738 <primary sortas="b-rm">rm</primary>
739 </indexterm>
740 </listitem>
741 </varlistentry>
742
743 <varlistentry id="rmdir">
744 <term><command>rmdir</command></term>
745 <listitem>
746 <para>Removes directories if they are empty</para>
747 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils rmdir">
748 <primary sortas="b-rmdir">rmdir</primary>
749 </indexterm>
750 </listitem>
751 </varlistentry>
[427015f]752
753 <varlistentry id="runcon">
754 <term><command>runcon</command></term>
755 <listitem>
756 <para>Runs a command with specified security context</para>
757 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils runcon">
758 <primary sortas="b-runcon">runcon</primary>
759 </indexterm>
760 </listitem>
761 </varlistentry>
[3f8be484]762
763 <varlistentry id="seq">
764 <term><command>seq</command></term>
765 <listitem>
766 <para>Prints a sequence of numbers within a given range and with a
767 given increment</para>
768 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils seq">
769 <primary sortas="b-seq">seq</primary>
770 </indexterm>
771 </listitem>
772 </varlistentry>
773
774 <varlistentry id="sha1sum">
775 <term><command>sha1sum</command></term>
776 <listitem>
777 <para>Prints or checks 160-bit Secure Hash Algorithm 1 (SHA1)
778 checksums</para>
779 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sha1sum">
780 <primary sortas="b-sha1sum">sha1sum</primary>
781 </indexterm>
782 </listitem>
783 </varlistentry>
784
[2dd50be]785 <varlistentry id="sha224sum">
786 <term><command>sha224sum</command></term>
787 <listitem>
788 <para>Prints or checks SHA224 checksums</para>
789 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sha224sum">
790 <primary sortas="b-sha224sum">sha224sum</primary>
791 </indexterm>
792 </listitem>
793 </varlistentry>
794
795 <varlistentry id="sha256sum">
796 <term><command>sha256sum</command></term>
797 <listitem>
798 <para>Prints or checks SHA256 checksums</para>
799 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sha256sum">
800 <primary sortas="b-sha256sum">sha256sum</primary>
801 </indexterm>
802 </listitem>
803 </varlistentry>
804
805 <varlistentry id="sha384sum">
806 <term><command>sha384sum</command></term>
807 <listitem>
808 <para>Prints or checks SHA384 checksums</para>
809 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sha384sum">
810 <primary sortas="b-sha384sum">sha384sum</primary>
811 </indexterm>
812 </listitem>
813 </varlistentry>
814
815 <varlistentry id="sha512sum">
816 <term><command>sha512sum</command></term>
817 <listitem>
818 <para>Prints or checks SHA512 checksums</para>
819 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sha512sum">
820 <primary sortas="b-sha512sum">sha512sum</primary>
821 </indexterm>
822 </listitem>
823 </varlistentry>
824
[3f8be484]825 <varlistentry id="shred">
826 <term><command>shred</command></term>
827 <listitem>
828 <para>Overwrites the given files repeatedly with complex patterns,
829 making it difficult to recover the data</para>
830 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils shred">
831 <primary sortas="b-shred">shred</primary>
832 </indexterm>
833 </listitem>
834 </varlistentry>
835
[2dd50be]836 <varlistentry id="shuf">
837 <term><command>shuf</command></term>
838 <listitem>
839 <para>Write a random permutation of the input lines to standard output or a file</para>
840 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils shuf">
841 <primary sortas="b-shuf">shuf</primary>
842 </indexterm>
843 </listitem>
844 </varlistentry>
845
[3f8be484]846 <varlistentry id="sleep">
847 <term><command>sleep</command></term>
848 <listitem>
849 <para>Pauses for the given amount of time</para>
850 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sleep">
851 <primary sortas="b-sleep">sleep</primary>
852 </indexterm>
853 </listitem>
854 </varlistentry>
855
856 <varlistentry id="sort">
857 <term><command>sort</command></term>
858 <listitem>
859 <para>Sorts the lines from the given files</para>
860 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sort">
861 <primary sortas="b-sort">sort</primary>
862 </indexterm>
863 </listitem>
864 </varlistentry>
865
866 <varlistentry id="split">
867 <term><command>split</command></term>
868 <listitem>
869 <para>Splits the given file into pieces, by size or by number of
870 lines</para>
871 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils split">
872 <primary sortas="b-split">split</primary>
873 </indexterm>
874 </listitem>
875 </varlistentry>
876
877 <varlistentry id="stat">
878 <term><command>stat</command></term>
879 <listitem>
880 <para>Displays file or filesystem status</para>
881 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils stat">
882 <primary sortas="b-stat">stat</primary>
883 </indexterm>
884 </listitem>
885 </varlistentry>
886
[8322c1b]887 <varlistentry id="stdbuf">
888 <term><command>stdbuf</command></term>
889 <listitem>
890 <para>Runs a command with modified buffering operations for its
891 standard streams</para>
892 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils stdbuf">
893 <primary sortas="b-stdbuf">stdbuf</primary>
894 </indexterm>
895 </listitem>
896 </varlistentry>
897
[3f8be484]898 <varlistentry id="stty">
899 <term><command>stty</command></term>
900 <listitem>
901 <para>Sets or reports terminal line settings</para>
902 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils stty">
903 <primary sortas="b-stty">stty</primary>
904 </indexterm>
905 </listitem>
906 </varlistentry>
907
908 <varlistentry id="sum">
909 <term><command>sum</command></term>
910 <listitem>
911 <para>Prints checksum and block counts for each given file</para>
912 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sum">
913 <primary sortas="b-sum">sum</primary>
914 </indexterm>
915 </listitem>
916 </varlistentry>
917
918 <varlistentry id="sync">
919 <term><command>sync</command></term>
920 <listitem>
921 <para>Flushes file system buffers; it forces changed blocks to disk
922 and updates the super block</para>
923 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sync">
924 <primary sortas="b-sync">sync</primary>
925 </indexterm>
926 </listitem>
927 </varlistentry>
928
929 <varlistentry id="tac">
930 <term><command>tac</command></term>
931 <listitem>
932 <para>Concatenates the given files in reverse</para>
933 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tac">
934 <primary sortas="b-tac">tac</primary>
935 </indexterm>
936 </listitem>
937 </varlistentry>
938
939 <varlistentry id="tail">
940 <term><command>tail</command></term>
941 <listitem>
942 <para>Prints the last ten lines (or the given number of lines) of each
943 given file</para>
944 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tail">
945 <primary sortas="b-tail">tail</primary>
946 </indexterm>
947 </listitem>
948 </varlistentry>
949
950 <varlistentry id="tee">
951 <term><command>tee</command></term>
952 <listitem>
953 <para>Reads from standard input while writing both to standard output
954 and to the given files</para>
955 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tee">
956 <primary sortas="b-tee">tee</primary>
957 </indexterm>
958 </listitem>
959 </varlistentry>
960
961 <varlistentry id="test">
[84e402e]962 <term><command>test</command> or <command>[</command></term>
[3f8be484]963 <listitem>
964 <para>Compares values and checks file types</para>
965 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils test">
966 <primary sortas="b-test">test</primary>
967 </indexterm>
968 </listitem>
969 </varlistentry>
970
[b9b9e14]971 <varlistentry id="timeout">
972 <term><command>timeout</command></term>
973 <listitem>
974 <para>Runs a command with a time limit</para>
975 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils timeout">
976 <primary sortas="b-timeout">timeout</primary>
977 </indexterm>
978 </listitem>
979 </varlistentry>
980
[3f8be484]981 <varlistentry id="touch">
982 <term><command>touch</command></term>
983 <listitem>
984 <para>Changes file timestamps, setting the access and modification
985 times of the given files to the current time; files that do not exist
986 are created with zero length</para>
987 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils touch">
988 <primary sortas="b-touch">touch</primary>
989 </indexterm>
990 </listitem>
991 </varlistentry>
992
993 <varlistentry id="tr">
994 <term><command>tr</command></term>
995 <listitem>
996 <para>Translates, squeezes, and deletes the given characters from
997 standard input</para>
998 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tr">
999 <primary sortas="b-tr">tr</primary>
1000 </indexterm>
1001 </listitem>
1002 </varlistentry>
1003
1004 <varlistentry id="true">
1005 <term><command>true</command></term>
1006 <listitem>
1007 <para>Does nothing, successfully; it always exits with a status code
1008 indicating success</para>
1009 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils true">
1010 <primary sortas="b-true">true</primary>
1011 </indexterm>
1012 </listitem>
1013 </varlistentry>
1014
[b9b9e14]1015 <varlistentry id="truncate">
1016 <term><command>truncate</command></term>
1017 <listitem>
1018 <para>Shrinks or expands a file to the specified size</para>
1019 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils truncate">
1020 <primary sortas="b-truncate">truncate</primary>
1021 </indexterm>
1022 </listitem>
1023 </varlistentry>
1024
[3f8be484]1025 <varlistentry id="tsort">
1026 <term><command>tsort</command></term>
1027 <listitem>
1028 <para>Performs a topological sort; it writes a completely ordered list
1029 according to the partial ordering in a given file</para>
1030 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tsort">
1031 <primary sortas="b-tsort">tsort</primary>
1032 </indexterm>
1033 </listitem>
1034 </varlistentry>
1035
1036 <varlistentry id="tty">
1037 <term><command>tty</command></term>
1038 <listitem>
1039 <para>Reports the file name of the terminal connected to standard
1040 input</para>
1041 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tty">
1042 <primary sortas="b-tty">tty</primary>
1043 </indexterm>
1044 </listitem>
1045 </varlistentry>
1046
1047 <varlistentry id="uname">
1048 <term><command>uname</command></term>
1049 <listitem>
1050 <para>Reports system information</para>
1051 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils uname">
1052 <primary sortas="b-uname">uname</primary>
1053 </indexterm>
1054 </listitem>
1055 </varlistentry>
1056
1057 <varlistentry id="unexpand">
1058 <term><command>unexpand</command></term>
1059 <listitem>
1060 <para>Converts spaces to tabs</para>
1061 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils unexpand">
1062 <primary sortas="b-unexpand">unexpand</primary>
1063 </indexterm>
1064 </listitem>
1065 </varlistentry>
1066
1067 <varlistentry id="uniq">
1068 <term><command>uniq</command></term>
1069 <listitem>
1070 <para>Discards all but one of successive identical lines</para>
1071 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils uniq">
1072 <primary sortas="b-uniq">uniq</primary>
1073 </indexterm>
1074 </listitem>
1075 </varlistentry>
1076
1077 <varlistentry id="unlink">
1078 <term><command>unlink</command></term>
1079 <listitem>
1080 <para>Removes the given file</para>
1081 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils unlink">
1082 <primary sortas="b-unlink">unlink</primary>
1083 </indexterm>
1084 </listitem>
1085 </varlistentry>
1086
1087 <varlistentry id="users">
1088 <term><command>users</command></term>
1089 <listitem>
1090 <para>Reports the names of the users currently logged on</para>
1091 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils users">
1092 <primary sortas="b-users">users</primary>
1093 </indexterm>
1094 </listitem>
1095 </varlistentry>
1096
1097 <varlistentry id="vdir">
1098 <term><command>vdir</command></term>
1099 <listitem>
1100 <para>Is the same as <command>ls -l</command></para>
1101 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils vdir">
1102 <primary sortas="b-vdir">vdir</primary>
1103 </indexterm>
1104 </listitem>
1105 </varlistentry>
1106
1107 <varlistentry id="wc">
1108 <term><command>wc</command></term>
1109 <listitem>
1110 <para>Reports the number of lines, words, and bytes for each given
1111 file, as well as a total line when more than one file is given</para>
1112 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils wc">
1113 <primary sortas="b-wc">wc</primary>
1114 </indexterm>
1115 </listitem>
1116 </varlistentry>
1117
1118 <varlistentry id="who">
1119 <term><command>who</command></term>
1120 <listitem>
1121 <para>Reports who is logged on</para>
1122 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils who">
1123 <primary sortas="b-who">who</primary>
1124 </indexterm>
1125 </listitem>
1126 </varlistentry>
1127
1128 <varlistentry id="whoami">
1129 <term><command>whoami</command></term>
1130 <listitem>
1131 <para>Reports the user name associated with the current effective
1132 user ID</para>
1133 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils whoami">
1134 <primary sortas="b-whoami">whoami</primary>
1135 </indexterm>
1136 </listitem>
1137 </varlistentry>
1138
1139 <varlistentry id="yes">
1140 <term><command>yes</command></term>
1141 <listitem>
1142 <para>Repeatedly outputs <quote>y</quote> or a given string until
1143 killed</para>
1144 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils yes">
1145 <primary sortas="b-yes">yes</primary>
1146 </indexterm>
1147 </listitem>
1148 </varlistentry>
1149
[f6575bd]1150 <varlistentry id="libstdbuf">
1151 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libstdbuf</filename></term>
1152 <listitem>
1153 <para>Library used by <command>stdbuf</command></para>
1154 <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils libstdbuf">
1155 <primary sortas="c-libstdbuf">libstdbuf</primary>
1156 </indexterm>
1157 </listitem>
1158 </varlistentry>
1159
[3f8be484]1160 </variablelist>
1161
1162 </sect2>
1163
1164</sect1>
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