source: BOOK/final-preps/addinguser.xml@ 8953f24

clfs-1.2 clfs-2.1 clfs-3.0.0-systemd clfs-3.0.0-sysvinit systemd sysvinit
Last change on this file since 8953f24 was 040521bc, checked in by Jim Gifford <clfs@…>, 18 years ago

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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-final-preps-addinguser">
9 <?dbhtml filename="addinguser.html"?>
10
11 <title>Adding the CLFS User</title>
12
13 <para>When logged in as user <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>,
14 making a single mistake can damage or destroy a system. Therefore, we
15 recommend building the packages as an unprivileged user.
16 You could use your own user name, but to make it easier to set up a clean
17 work environment, create a new user called <systemitem
18 class="username">clfs</systemitem> as a member of a new group (also named
19 <systemitem class="groupname">clfs</systemitem>) and use this user during
20 the installation process. As <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>,
21 issue the following commands to add the new user:</para>
22
23<screen><userinput>groupadd clfs
24useradd -s /bin/bash -g clfs -m -k /dev/null clfs</userinput></screen>
25
26 <variablelist>
27 <title>The meaning of the command line options:</title>
28
29 <varlistentry>
30 <term><parameter>-s /bin/bash</parameter></term>
31 <listitem>
32 <para>This makes <command>bash</command> the default shell for
33 user <systemitem class="username">clfs</systemitem>.</para>
34 </listitem>
35 </varlistentry>
36
37 <varlistentry>
38 <term><parameter>-g clfs</parameter></term>
39 <listitem>
40 <para>This option adds user <systemitem class="username">clfs</systemitem>
41 to group <systemitem class="groupname">clfs</systemitem>.</para>
42 </listitem>
43 </varlistentry>
44
45 <varlistentry>
46 <term><parameter>-m</parameter></term>
47 <listitem>
48 <para>This creates a home directory for <systemitem
49 class="username">clfs</systemitem>.</para>
50 </listitem>
51 </varlistentry>
52
53 <varlistentry>
54 <term><parameter>-k /dev/null</parameter></term>
55 <listitem>
56 <para>This parameter prevents possible copying of files from a skeleton
57 directory (default is <filename class="directory">/etc/skel</filename>)
58 by changing the input location to the special null device.</para>
59 </listitem>
60 </varlistentry>
61
62 <varlistentry>
63 <term><parameter>clfs</parameter></term>
64 <listitem>
65 <para>This is the actual name for the created group and user.</para>
66 </listitem>
67 </varlistentry>
68
69 </variablelist>
70
71 <para>To log in as <systemitem class="username">clfs</systemitem> (as
72 opposed to switching to user <systemitem class="username">clfs</systemitem>
73 when logged in as <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>, which
74 does not require the <systemitem class="username">clfs</systemitem> user
75 to have a password), give <systemitem class="username">clfs</systemitem>
76 a password:</para>
77
78<screen><userinput>passwd clfs</userinput></screen>
79
80 <para>Grant <systemitem class="username">clfs</systemitem> full access to
81 <filename class="directory">${CLFS}/cross-tools</filename> and
82 <filename class="directory">${CLFS}/tools</filename> by making <systemitem
83 class="username">clfs</systemitem> the directorys' owner:</para>
84
85<screen><userinput>chown -v clfs ${CLFS}/tools
86chown -v clfs ${CLFS}/cross-tools</userinput></screen>
87
88 <para>If a separate working directory was created as suggested,
89 give user <systemitem class="username">clfs</systemitem> ownership of this directory:</para>
90
91<screen><userinput>chown -v clfs ${CLFS}/sources</userinput></screen>
92
93 <para>Next, login as user <systemitem class="username">clfs</systemitem>.
94 This can be done via a virtual console, through a display manager, or
95 with the following substitute user command:</para>
96
97<screen><userinput>su - clfs</userinput></screen>
98
99 <para>The <quote><parameter>-</parameter></quote> instructs
100 <command>su</command> to start a login shell as opposed to a non-login
101 shell. The difference between these two types of shells can be found
102 in detail in <filename>bash(1)</filename> and <command>info
103 bash</command>.</para>
104
105</sect1>
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