source: BOOK/chroot/common/pwdgroup.xml @ edaed14

clfs-3.0.0-systemdclfs-3.0.0-sysvinitsystemdsysvinit
Last change on this file since edaed14 was edaed14, checked in by Chris Staub <chris@…>, 10 years ago

Add group needed by systemd

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File size: 4.2 KB
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3  "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4  <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
5  %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-chroot-pwdgroup">
9  <?dbhtml filename="pwdgroup.html"?>
10
11  <title>Creating the passwd, group, and log Files</title>
12
13  <indexterm zone="ch-chroot-pwdgroup">
14    <primary sortas="e-/etc/passwd">/etc/passwd</primary>
15  </indexterm>
16
17  <indexterm zone="ch-chroot-pwdgroup">
18    <primary sortas="e-/etc/group">/etc/group</primary>
19  </indexterm>
20
21  <indexterm zone="ch-chroot-pwdgroup">
22    <primary sortas="e-/var/run/utmp">/var/run/utmp</primary>
23  </indexterm>
24
25  <indexterm zone="ch-chroot-pwdgroup">
26    <primary sortas="e-/var/log/btmp">/var/log/btmp</primary>
27  </indexterm>
28
29  <indexterm zone="ch-chroot-pwdgroup">
30    <primary sortas="e-/var/log/lastlog">/var/log/lastlog</primary>
31  </indexterm>
32
33  <indexterm zone="ch-chroot-pwdgroup">
34    <primary sortas="e-/var/log/wtmp">/var/log/wtmp</primary>
35  </indexterm>
36
37  <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
38  href="../../boot/common/pwdgroup.xml"
39  xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='a'])"/>
40 
41  <para>Create the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file by running the
42  following command:</para>
43
44<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/passwd &lt;&lt; "EOF"
45<literal>root:x:&uid-root;:&gid-root;:root:/root:/bin/bash</literal>
46<literal>messagebus:x:&uid-messagebus;:&gid-messagebus;:D-Bus Message Daemon User:/dev/null:/bin/false</literal>
47EOF</userinput></screen>
48
49  <para os="b">The actual password for
50  <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> (the <quote>x</quote>
51  used here is just a placeholder) will be set later.</para>
52
53  <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
54  href="../../boot/common/pwdgroup.xml"
55  xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='c'])"/>
56
57  <para>Create the <filename>/etc/group</filename> file by running the
58  following command:</para>
59
60<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/group &lt;&lt; "EOF"
61<literal>root:x:0:
62bin:x:&gid-bin;:
63sys:x:&gid-sys;:
64kmem:x:&gid-kmem;:
65tty:x:&gid-tty;:
66tape:x:&gid-tape;:
67daemon:x:&gid-daemon;:
68floppy:x:&gid-floppy;:
69disk:x:&gid-disk;:
70lp:x:&gid-lp;:
71dialout:x:&gid-dialout;:
72audio:x:&gid-audio;:
73video:x:&gid-video;:
74utmp:x:&gid-utmp;:
75usb:x:&gid-usb;:
76cdrom:x:&gid-cdrom;:
77messagebus:x:&gid-messagebus;:
78systemd-journal:x:&gid-systemd-journal;</literal>
79EOF</userinput></screen>
80
81  <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
82  href="../../boot/common/pwdgroup.xml"
83  xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='d'])"/>
84
85  <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
86  href="../../boot/common/pwdgroup.xml"
87  xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='e'])"/>
88
89  <para>To remove the <quote>I have no name!</quote> prompt, start a
90  new shell. Since a full Glibc was installed in <xref
91  linkend="chapter-cross-tools"/> and the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename>
92  and <filename>/etc/group</filename> files have been created, user name
93  and group name resolution will now work.</para>
94
95<screen role="nodump"><userinput>exec /tools/bin/bash --login +h</userinput></screen>
96
97  <para>Note the use of the <parameter>+h</parameter> directive. This tells
98  <command>bash</command> not to use its internal path hashing. Without this
99  directive, <command>bash</command> would remember the paths to binaries it
100  has executed. To ensure the use of the newly compiled binaries as soon as
101  they are installed, the <parameter>+h</parameter> directive will be used
102  for the duration of the next chapters.</para>
103
104  <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
105  href="../../boot/common/pwdgroup.xml"
106  xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='f'])"/>
107
108<screen><userinput>touch /var/run/utmp /var/log/{btmp,lastlog,wtmp}
109chgrp -v utmp /var/run/utmp /var/log/lastlog
110chmod -v 664 /var/run/utmp /var/log/lastlog
111chmod -v 600 /var/log/btmp</userinput></screen>
112
113  <para>The <filename>/var/run/utmp</filename> file records the users that
114  are currently logged in. The <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> file records
115  all logins and logouts. The <filename>/var/log/lastlog</filename> file
116  records when each user last logged in. The <filename>/var/log/btmp</filename>
117  file records the bad login attempts.</para>
118
119</sect1>
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