source: BOOK/chroot/common/pwdgroup.xml@ 835fb3e

clfs-2.1 clfs-3.0.0-systemd clfs-3.0.0-sysvinit systemd sysvinit
Last change on this file since 835fb3e was dabbced, checked in by Joe Ciccone <jciccone@…>, 14 years ago

Change the XInclude schema path from 2003 to 2001. 2003 is depreciated
according to w3.org and 2001 should be used instead.

  • Property mode set to 100644
File size: 4.0 KB
Line 
1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-chroot-pwdgroup">
9 <?dbhtml filename="pwdgroup.html"?>
10
11 <title>Creating the passwd, group, and log Files</title>
12
13 <indexterm zone="ch-chroot-pwdgroup">
14 <primary sortas="e-/etc/passwd">/etc/passwd</primary>
15 </indexterm>
16
17 <indexterm zone="ch-chroot-pwdgroup">
18 <primary sortas="e-/etc/group">/etc/group</primary>
19 </indexterm>
20
21 <indexterm zone="ch-chroot-pwdgroup">
22 <primary sortas="e-/var/run/utmp">/var/run/utmp</primary>
23 </indexterm>
24
25 <indexterm zone="ch-chroot-pwdgroup">
26 <primary sortas="e-/var/log/btmp">/var/log/btmp</primary>
27 </indexterm>
28
29 <indexterm zone="ch-chroot-pwdgroup">
30 <primary sortas="e-/var/log/lastlog">/var/log/lastlog</primary>
31 </indexterm>
32
33 <indexterm zone="ch-chroot-pwdgroup">
34 <primary sortas="e-/var/log/wtmp">/var/log/wtmp</primary>
35 </indexterm>
36
37 <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
38 href="../../boot/common/pwdgroup.xml"
39 xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='a'])"/>
40
41 <para>Create the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file by running the
42 following command:</para>
43
44<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/passwd &lt;&lt; "EOF"
45<literal>root:x:&uid-root;:&gid-root;:root:/root:/bin/bash</literal>
46EOF</userinput></screen>
47
48 <para os="b">The actual password for
49 <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> (the <quote>x</quote>
50 used here is just a placeholder) will be set later.</para>
51
52 <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
53 href="../../boot/common/pwdgroup.xml"
54 xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='c'])"/>
55
56 <para>Create the <filename>/etc/group</filename> file by running the
57 following command:</para>
58
59<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/group &lt;&lt; "EOF"
60<literal>root:x:0:
61bin:x:&gid-bin;:
62sys:x:&gid-sys;:
63kmem:x:&gid-kmem;:
64tty:x:&gid-tty;:
65tape:x:&gid-tape;:
66daemon:x:&gid-daemon;:
67floppy:x:&gid-floppy;:
68disk:x:&gid-disk;:
69lp:x:&gid-lp;:
70dialout:x:&gid-dialout;:
71audio:x:&gid-audio;:
72video:x:&gid-video;:
73utmp:x:&gid-utmp;:
74usb:x:&gid-usb;:
75cdrom:x:&gid-cdrom;:</literal>
76EOF</userinput></screen>
77
78 <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
79 href="../../boot/common/pwdgroup.xml"
80 xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='d'])"/>
81
82 <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
83 href="../../boot/common/pwdgroup.xml"
84 xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='e'])"/>
85
86 <para>To remove the <quote>I have no name!</quote> prompt, start a
87 new shell. Since a full Glibc was installed in <xref
88 linkend="chapter-cross-tools"/> and the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename>
89 and <filename>/etc/group</filename> files have been created, user name
90 and group name resolution will now work.</para>
91
92<screen role="nodump"><userinput>exec /tools/bin/bash --login +h</userinput></screen>
93
94 <para>Note the use of the <parameter>+h</parameter> directive. This tells
95 <command>bash</command> not to use its internal path hashing. Without this
96 directive, <command>bash</command> would remember the paths to binaries it
97 has executed. To ensure the use of the newly compiled binaries as soon as
98 they are installed, the <parameter>+h</parameter> directive will be used
99 for the duration of the next chapters.</para>
100
101 <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
102 href="../../boot/common/pwdgroup.xml"
103 xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='f'])"/>
104
105<screen><userinput>touch /var/run/utmp /var/log/{btmp,lastlog,wtmp}
106chgrp -v utmp /var/run/utmp /var/log/lastlog
107chmod -v 664 /var/run/utmp /var/log/lastlog
108chmod -v 600 /var/log/btmp</userinput></screen>
109
110 <para>The <filename>/var/run/utmp</filename> file records the users that
111 are currently logged in. The <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> file records
112 all logins and logouts. The <filename>/var/log/lastlog</filename> file
113 records when each user last logged in. The <filename>/var/log/btmp</filename>
114 file records the bad login attempts.</para>
115
116</sect1>
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