source: BOOK/chroot/common/pwdgroup.xml@ af0fe7f

clfs-3.0.0-systemd clfs-3.0.0-sysvinit systemd sysvinit
Last change on this file since af0fe7f was 8050e8b, checked in by Joe Ciccone <jciccone@…>, 14 years ago

Merge branch 'master' into systemd

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[3f8be484]1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
[aa18ac0]2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
[3f8be484]4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-chroot-pwdgroup">
9 <?dbhtml filename="pwdgroup.html"?>
10
11 <title>Creating the passwd, group, and log Files</title>
12
13 <indexterm zone="ch-chroot-pwdgroup">
14 <primary sortas="e-/etc/passwd">/etc/passwd</primary>
15 </indexterm>
16
17 <indexterm zone="ch-chroot-pwdgroup">
18 <primary sortas="e-/etc/group">/etc/group</primary>
19 </indexterm>
20
21 <indexterm zone="ch-chroot-pwdgroup">
22 <primary sortas="e-/var/run/utmp">/var/run/utmp</primary>
23 </indexterm>
24
25 <indexterm zone="ch-chroot-pwdgroup">
26 <primary sortas="e-/var/log/btmp">/var/log/btmp</primary>
27 </indexterm>
28
29 <indexterm zone="ch-chroot-pwdgroup">
30 <primary sortas="e-/var/log/lastlog">/var/log/lastlog</primary>
31 </indexterm>
32
33 <indexterm zone="ch-chroot-pwdgroup">
34 <primary sortas="e-/var/log/wtmp">/var/log/wtmp</primary>
35 </indexterm>
36
[934e597]37 <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
38 href="../../boot/common/pwdgroup.xml"
39 xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='a'])"/>
40
[3f8be484]41 <para>Create the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file by running the
42 following command:</para>
43
44<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/passwd &lt;&lt; "EOF"
[8f1ae86]45<literal>root:x:&uid-root;:&gid-root;:root:/root:/bin/bash</literal>
[27f57ec]46<literal>messagebus:x:&uid-messagebus;:&gid-messagebus;:D-Bus Message Daemon User:/dev/null:/bin/false</literal>
[3f8be484]47EOF</userinput></screen>
48
[934e597]49 <para os="b">The actual password for
[b2011e5]50 <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> (the <quote>x</quote>
51 used here is just a placeholder) will be set later.</para>
[3f8be484]52
[65018363]53 <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
54 href="../../boot/common/pwdgroup.xml"
[934e597]55 xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='c'])"/>
[65018363]56
[3f8be484]57 <para>Create the <filename>/etc/group</filename> file by running the
58 following command:</para>
59
60<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/group &lt;&lt; "EOF"
[65018363]61<literal>root:x:0:
[8f1ae86]62bin:x:&gid-bin;:
63sys:x:&gid-sys;:
64kmem:x:&gid-kmem;:
65tty:x:&gid-tty;:
66tape:x:&gid-tape;:
67daemon:x:&gid-daemon;:
68floppy:x:&gid-floppy;:
69disk:x:&gid-disk;:
70lp:x:&gid-lp;:
71dialout:x:&gid-dialout;:
72audio:x:&gid-audio;:
73video:x:&gid-video;:
74utmp:x:&gid-utmp;:
75usb:x:&gid-usb;:
[27f57ec]76cdrom:x:&gid-cdrom;:
77messagebus:x:&gid-messagebus;:</literal>
[3f8be484]78EOF</userinput></screen>
79
80 <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
81 href="../../boot/common/pwdgroup.xml"
[934e597]82 xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='d'])"/>
[65018363]83
84 <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
85 href="../../boot/common/pwdgroup.xml"
[934e597]86 xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='e'])"/>
[65018363]87
[3f8be484]88 <para>To remove the <quote>I have no name!</quote> prompt, start a
89 new shell. Since a full Glibc was installed in <xref
90 linkend="chapter-cross-tools"/> and the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename>
91 and <filename>/etc/group</filename> files have been created, user name
92 and group name resolution will now work.</para>
93
[0f3854e]94<screen role="nodump"><userinput>exec /tools/bin/bash --login +h</userinput></screen>
[3f8be484]95
96 <para>Note the use of the <parameter>+h</parameter> directive. This tells
97 <command>bash</command> not to use its internal path hashing. Without this
98 directive, <command>bash</command> would remember the paths to binaries it
99 has executed. To ensure the use of the newly compiled binaries as soon as
100 they are installed, the <parameter>+h</parameter> directive will be used
[b5b8335]101 for the duration of the next chapters.</para>
[3f8be484]102
103 <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
104 href="../../boot/common/pwdgroup.xml"
[e2418ac]105 xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='f'])"/>
[3f8be484]106
107<screen><userinput>touch /var/run/utmp /var/log/{btmp,lastlog,wtmp}
[94e6142]108chgrp -v utmp /var/run/utmp /var/log/lastlog
109chmod -v 664 /var/run/utmp /var/log/lastlog
110chmod -v 600 /var/log/btmp</userinput></screen>
[3f8be484]111
112 <para>The <filename>/var/run/utmp</filename> file records the users that
113 are currently logged in. The <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> file records
114 all logins and logouts. The <filename>/var/log/lastlog</filename> file
115 records when each user last logged in. The <filename>/var/log/btmp</filename>
116 file records the bad login attempts.</para>
117
118</sect1>
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