[3f8be484] | 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> |
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[aa18ac0] | 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN" |
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [ |
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[3f8be484] | 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent"> |
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| 5 | %general-entities; |
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| 6 | ]> |
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| 7 | |
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| 8 | <sect1 id="ch-chroot-chroot"> |
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| 9 | <?dbhtml filename="chroot.html"?> |
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| 10 | |
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| 11 | <title>Entering the Chroot Environment</title> |
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| 12 | |
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| 13 | <para>It is time to enter the chroot environment to begin building |
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[fb40919] | 14 | and installing the final CLFS system. As user <systemitem |
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[3f8be484] | 15 | class="username">root</systemitem>, run the following command to |
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| 16 | enter the realm that is, at the moment, populated with only the |
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| 17 | temporary tools:</para> |
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| 18 | |
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[040521bc] | 19 | <screen><userinput>chroot "${CLFS}" /tools/bin/env -i \ |
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| 20 | HOME=/root TERM="${TERM}" PS1='\u:\w\$ ' \ |
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[3f8be484] | 21 | PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin:/tools/bin \ |
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| 22 | /tools/bin/bash --login +h</userinput></screen> |
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| 23 | |
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| 24 | <para>The <parameter>-i</parameter> option given to the |
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| 25 | <command>env</command> command will clear all variables of the chroot |
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| 26 | environment. After that, only the <envar>HOME</envar>, |
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| 27 | <envar>TERM</envar>, <envar>PS1</envar>, and |
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| 28 | <envar>PATH</envar> variables are set again. The |
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[040521bc] | 29 | <parameter>TERM=${TERM}</parameter> construct will set the |
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[3f8be484] | 30 | <envar>TERM</envar> variable inside chroot to the same value as |
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| 31 | outside chroot. This variable is needed for programs like |
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| 32 | <command>vim</command> and <command>less</command> to operate |
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| 33 | properly. If other variables are needed, such as |
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| 34 | <envar>CFLAGS</envar> or <envar>CXXFLAGS</envar>, this is |
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| 35 | a good place to set them again.</para> |
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| 36 | |
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| 37 | <para>From this point on, there is no need to use the |
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[eeba940] | 38 | <envar>CLFS</envar> variable anymore, because all work will be |
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[fb40919] | 39 | restricted to the CLFS file system. This is because the Bash shell is |
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[040521bc] | 40 | told that <filename class="directory">${CLFS}</filename> is now the root |
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[3f8be484] | 41 | (<filename class="directory">/</filename>) directory.</para> |
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| 42 | |
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| 43 | <para>Notice that <filename class="directory">/tools/bin</filename> comes |
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| 44 | last in the <envar>PATH</envar>. This means that a temporary tool will no |
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| 45 | longer be used once its final version is installed. This occurs when the |
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| 46 | shell does not <quote>remember</quote> the locations of executed |
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| 47 | binaries—for this reason, hashing is switched off by passing the |
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| 48 | <parameter>+h</parameter> option to <command>bash</command>.</para> |
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| 49 | |
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| 50 | <para>It is important that all the commands throughout the remainder |
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| 51 | of this chapter and the following chapters are run from within the |
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| 52 | chroot environment. If you leave this environment for any reason |
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| 53 | (rebooting for example), remember to first mount the <systemitem |
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| 54 | class="filesystem">proc</systemitem> and <systemitem |
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| 55 | class="filesystem">devpts</systemitem> file systems (discussed in the |
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| 56 | previous section) and enter chroot again before continuing with the |
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| 57 | installations.</para> |
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| 58 | |
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| 59 | <para>Note that the <command>bash</command> prompt will say |
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| 60 | <computeroutput>I have no name!</computeroutput> This is normal because the |
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| 61 | <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file has not been created yet.</para> |
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| 62 | |
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| 63 | </sect1> |
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