source: BOOK/boot/common/creatingdirs.xml@ b274a3e

sysvinit
Last change on this file since b274a3e was 488f19d, checked in by Chris Staub <chris@…>, 10 years ago

Updated FHS URL

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[3f8be484]1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
[aa18ac0]2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
[3f8be484]4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-boot-creatingdirs">
9 <?dbhtml filename="creatingdirs.html"?>
10
11 <title>Creating Directories</title>
12
[d2ecc65]13 <note os="a">
14 <para>The commands in the remainder of the book should be run as
15 the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user. Check
16 that ${CLFS} is set in the
17 <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user&rsquo;s environment
18 before proceeding.</para>
19 </note>
20
21 <para os="b">It is time to create some structure in the CLFS file system. Create a
[3f8be484]22 standard directory tree by issuing the following commands:</para>
23
[d2ecc65]24<screen os="c"><userinput>mkdir -pv ${CLFS}/{bin,boot,dev,{etc/,}opt,home,lib/firmware,mnt}
[6b2fbfc]25mkdir -pv ${CLFS}/{proc,media/{floppy,cdrom},run/{,shm},sbin,srv,sys}
[97a96f1]26mkdir -pv ${CLFS}/var/{lock,log,mail,spool}
[fd6bb04]27mkdir -pv ${CLFS}/var/{opt,cache,lib/{misc,locate},local}
[3f76cac]28install -dv -m 0750 ${CLFS}/root
29install -dv -m 1777 ${CLFS}{/var,}/tmp
[c61d8aa]30ln -sv ../run ${CLFS}/var/run
[3f76cac]31mkdir -pv ${CLFS}/usr/{,local/}{bin,include,lib,sbin,src}
32mkdir -pv ${CLFS}/usr/{,local/}share/{doc,info,locale,man}
[fd6bb04]33mkdir -pv ${CLFS}/usr/{,local/}share/{misc,terminfo,zoneinfo}
[b8bd862]34mkdir -pv ${CLFS}/usr/{,local/}share/man/man{1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8}</userinput></screen>
[3f8be484]35
[d2ecc65]36 <para os="d">Directories are, by default, created with permission mode 755,
[3f8be484]37 but this is not desirable for all directories. In the commands above,
38 two changes are made&mdash;one to the home directory of user
39 <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>, and another to the
40 directories for temporary files.</para>
41
[d2ecc65]42 <para os="e">The first mode change ensures that not just anybody can enter
[91ad4a4]43 the <filename class="directory">/root</filename> directory&mdash;the
[3f8be484]44 same as a normal user would do with his or her home directory. The
45 second mode change makes sure that any user can write to the
[91ad4a4]46 <filename class="directory">/tmp</filename> and
47 <filename class="directory">/var/tmp</filename> directories, but
[3f8be484]48 cannot remove another user's files from them. The latter is prohibited
49 by the so-called <quote>sticky bit,</quote> the highest bit (1) in the
50 1777 bit mask.</para>
51
[d2ecc65]52 <sect2 os="f">
[3f8be484]53 <title>FHS Compliance Note</title>
54
55 <para>The directory tree is based on the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard
[488f19d]56 (FHS) (available at <ulink url="https://wiki.linuxfoundation.org/en/FHS"/>).
57 In addition to the tree created above, this standard stipulates the
[3f8be484]58 existence of <filename class="directory">/usr/local/games</filename>
59 and <filename class="directory">/usr/share/games</filename>. The FHS
60 is not precise as to the structure of the <filename
61 class="directory">/usr/local/share</filename> subdirectory, so we
62 create only the directories that are needed. However, feel free to
63 create these directories if you prefer to conform more strictly to
64 the FHS.</para>
65
66 </sect2>
67
68</sect1>
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